Not sure what bug is in the 1st shot, but those growths at the node are looking a lot like male flowers to me.
The leaf miner in the 2nd photo looks like the larvae has exited the leaf and turned into a fly.
Pulling the leaf now isn't going to help your plant, the damage is done and not the end of the world.
If you see their trails in the leaf in future, it goes from small to large as the maggot grows.
If you see a tiny opening cut into the surface, he's gone, but if you see a small dark bump, you can scratch the top of the leaf gently and it will pop out and you can kill it.