Hi,@Zizidoem,
Yes, pathogens = harmful microorganisms (fungi, bacteria) that attack plants. In my case: damping-off disease
It’s essential to start with fresh substrate and only introduce recycled soil after a few weeks.
For photoperiods with transplanting and For autoflowers (final pot from start): Dig a 1L hole in the center of your recycled soil and fill that hole with fresh substrate.
This applies to organic substrates which can be recycled because beneficial bacteria are still active. With mineral fertilizers, you typically don’t recycle soil due to salt buildup - you start fresh each time.:green_heart: