40l bowls with new living soil mix 10% 4 plants in a tent with mars hydro FC-6500 4 plants in a tent with 2 SANlight 5 150 Ab heute laufen die Tests der Lampen die für zukünftige Grows benutz werden könnten

Ciao a tutti questa settimana speriamo vada meglio della scorsa perché su due piante si sono formate delle bruciature nelle foglie dovute al troppo fertilizzante probabilmente 2ml/l di big Bud è stato troppo per una pianta 88% sativa !!! I fiori vi sembra che si stiano ingrossando correttamente ? Visto che adesso bagno con solo acqua e con degli anti stress (Rhino skin) per farle riprendere Ho aggiunto oltre hai 400w hps 3x45w led

They smell very sweet once you touch them

Start in to week 7 As usual, she lost again some Fanleaf's 😏 She's getting really sticky and she's developing a stronger fruity smell in the last 2 days👍 Trying out a CO2 Bag.... And she gets another watering with 2l with 1g/l BioEnhancer Day 78. Day83 Trichome's are most milky and some few Ember at the Top's. Still few clear I think she get another Week and she will be finish👍

Telephon detroyed Photos on the floor Spiderapp Must but this week new phone sorry

~ FastBuds PAPAYA SHERBET Photoperiod~ Well here we go on another journey together through 'Canna-land' and this one's kinda special... forget that, it's VERY special because this is FastBuds newest surprise for the community, a FEMINIZED PHOTOPERIOD STRAIN!🤯 I was fortunate enough to score these seeds, of which only 1000 were available and can't wait to see what this strain can do! This Papaya Sherbet, according to FastBuds, is a hybrid with a 9-10 weeks flowering period. For a more detailed and accurate description of this strain the following from FastBuds says it best: "Combining the massive stature of Papaya (Oni Selection) with the strength and resilience of one of our best keeper cuts (Sunset Sherbet), this strain develops into a big, expansive bush adorned with numerous bud sites that later transform into a generous harvest of medium-sized buds. Papaya Sherbet flowers deliver a signature flavor of premium cannabis with subtle citrus undertones that emerge upon inhaling. During growth, her aroma makes for a sweet yet pleasantly bitter fragrance, giving you an idea of what the smoke will taste like. Notably stress-resistant, Papaya Sherbet is a great choice for growers working in challenging environments. She is very forgiving and rebounds quickly from any adversity, allowing growers the freedom to experiment with confidence that she will take everything like a champion she is. This strain embodies resilience, flavor, and abundant yields in every grow cycle." Sounds like an epic strain and I personally cannot wait for this lady to strut her stuff!😍 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Setup: This is going to be an outdoor grow, but I have started the Papaya Sherbet photoperiod indoors as our weather is still a bit too chilly to put a newly sprouted seedling outside (nighttime temp's dipping regularly into the 40's℉). The plan is simple... let her grow inside under a 19/5 light schedule until the nighttime temperatures are in the mid 50's℉, which shouldn't be long. After which, she'll be moved outside and transplanted into the soil which I have already setup and inoculated with beneficial microbes from BioTabs and slow release dry amendments from Gaia Green. Once she's established herself outside she'll be given periodic top dressings of Gaia Green 4-4-4 and 2-8-4 along with worm castings and Compost Tea's. Her grow area is approx. 5'x5' and I have posts and a trellis net set up already for when she gets bigger to aid in training her. Let the fun begin!🤪💚 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weekly Updates: 6/8- Here we go into Week Five and all is looking great with the Papaya Sherbet photoperiod from FastBuds! Our weather is beautiful now with daytime high temp's in the 80's F without a lot of rain so I am watering her daily at sundown with approximately 4-5g of well water. 6/10- I watered the Papaya Sherbet today and also did a little canopy maintenance, removing some leaves and some small shoots that would have taken energy better used elsewhere on the plant. 6/12- I gave the Papaya Sherbet photo a good watering today at sundown via the garden hose with straight well water. I am also planning on top dressing her in roughly 7-10 days from now with a blend of Gaia Green 4-4-4 and a little of their 2-8-4 along with some Wiggle Worm castings and a little Down to Earth Bio-Fish. 6/14- Another week gone and this little lady has really come along considering her late start and getting chewed on when she was young. All in all the FastBuds Papaya Sherbet photoperiod is shaping up to be one fine looking plant! Thank you for checking out my diary, your positive comments and support make it all worthwhile! 💚Growers Love!💚😎🙏

Flo depuis 4 jours Placer dans la tente spécial flo 2000w led full spectrum control humidité température pour un vpd de 1/1,10 kPa 👌 humidificateur fait maison au top du top

Gracias al equipo de Kannabia Seed y XpertNutrients, sin ellos esta magia no seria posible. 🍁💐 Runtz (Auto): Si esta cepa se ha ganado su popularidad a pulso, esta versión autofloreciente es digna heredera de sus atributos. No es de extrañar que nuestros criadores hayan acertado con su programa de reproducción, al combinar dos de las cepas más fascinantes de la actualidad: Zkittlez y Gelato. planta resistente y robusta, de cuerpo esbelto y fuerte ramificación lateral, que se puede cultivar prácticamente en cualquier entorno; pero prefiere los veranos largos y cálidos, tal y como quiere la madre naturaleza, donde bañada por el sol se eleva hasta los 120 cm. para producir unos rendimientos muy gratificantes de 100-150 gramos por planta. En interior, y tras solo 70 días desde la semilla, también recompensará con cosechas abundantes de hasta 500 gr./m² Inmediatamente después de encontrarte con ella, lo primero que notarás es su aroma descaradamente afrutado, con un toque tropical cortado con reminiscencias terrosas y amaderadas, que se entremezclan de forma agradable para ofrecer un combo que hace salivar las papilas gustativas. Ofrece un sabor confitado, refrescante y similar a sumergirse en una piscina de frutas cítricas y flores de fragancia intensa. Al inhalar, obtienes la bondad de la dulzura; al exhalar, el humo se convierte en suave y cremoso, dejando suficiente profundidad en cada bocanada para satisfacer a aquellos que buscan los matices más complejos. ⛽ XpertNutrients: es una empresa especializada en la producción y comercialización de fertilizantes líquidos 🍶y sustratos🐛, que garantizan los mejores resultados y cosechas de la más alta calidad. A través de una cuidadosa selección de materias primas y un proceso de producción avanzado, sus productos son sinónimo de resultados confiables. 🛒 Consigue aqui tus fertilizantes: https://xpertnutrients.com/es/sobre-nosotros/#:~:text=Xpert%20Nutrients%20es%20una%20empresa,de%20la%20m%C3%A1s%20alta%20calidad. 📆 Semana 6: Parece que el temporal por fin se va a pasar esta semana, todo esto le ha afectado. Se aprecian las preflores, por lo tanto estamos en plena floración 🔥 😎. Comienzo a aplicar abonos de floración. Mantendre el Master Grow una semana mas antes de cambiar a Master Bloom.

Day 55 - going into the 9th week..... trimmed em, stabilized the flowering solution.... lookin nice..... buds startin allll over... haha 👍😎

Day 106: removed some yellowed leaves. Decided to wait one more day on water. Not adding any more nutrients. Assuming harvest in 14 days. Day 107: Added one gallon of pH6.5 water with 2tablespoons of Herculean Harvest Day 108: Removed yellow or brown leaves. Added no water. Trichomes clear. The urge to harvest is huge but will go 2 more weeks. Removed a box elder bug that sneaked into the tent. Day 109: nothing new to report. Added no water. Tempted to add nutrients once more. After taking photos, removed several yellowing or browned leaves. Day 110: did not add water. Removed some more leaves. Day 111: did not add water. She is starting to look frosty. Read some mixed messages about the last two week flush and am feeling the urge to feed again. Day 112: Replaced Viparspectra 600W with a Horticulture Lighting Group Quantum Board 288 V2 and Slate 2 heatsink. Very pleased although my temperature jumped to 81°F.

Still have these ladies in there Solo cups will most likely pot these girls this week Finally moved these ladies over to there pots looking good for now Oh yea no nuts just yet still going with PH bal water

I'm happy with progress this week. The plants have handled the transplant well. I didn't need to water last week and plan to give them 1.3 litres over two waterings this week. Started training Plant 2 this week and it has responded very well. I'll give Plant 1 another couple of days for its secondary branches to catch up then start training it too. Removed old dry leaves from Plant 1. I've decided not to do any topping this grow because I'm so far behind.

~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_ 9/02/21 😿 slow...slow...slow...these are officially the slowest growing plants either my husband or I have ever seen and they look perpetually over watered (I confident that they're not)...we'll keep documenting to give them more time to come around but in the event that space becomes an issue, these are cat food.. ~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_ 9/7/21 🐱 Its the weirdest thing, these are growing so painfully slow but they look completely healthy..we're probably going to keep this diary going for another week or 2 but I don't see either of these plants making it to flower here..this is the first time we've attempted to plant seeds from our own stuff and will probably be the last lol.. happy gardening everyone! 👊🐱❤️💡🌱

🌱 Ghost Train Haze — Week 9 From Seed (Week 4 Flower | 12/12 From Seed — No Veg) This week is one of those moments where you don’t guide the plant… you observe it. She’s not just growing — she’s expressing. ⸻ 🌿 Structure & Expression From the very beginning, this run was about letting the plant define itself under a 12/12 cycle — no artificial veg, no forced shaping. And now we see the result: • Strong sativa-dominant expression • Long internodal spacing, but still stacking • Large, beautifully structured fan leaves • Upright, confident growth — no signs of stress She’s currently sitting around ~1.6m, and still stretching. Not aggressively… but purposefully. This is what happens when a plant is: • Not overhandled • Not overcorrected • Simply supported ⸻ 🍃 The Leaves (Worth Stopping For) Those leaves… honestly, they tell the whole story. • Deep green, fully saturated • Clean veins, no deficiencies • Wide spread = efficient light capture • Slight red petioles — genetic expression + intensity, not stress You don’t touch leaves like these unless they ask you to. And right now — they’re not asking for anything. ⸻ 💡 Light & Environment To adapt to her vertical push, the whole room was raised slightly: • PPFD: ~1600–1700 at the top • Still within tolerance because: • She’s actively stretching • Metabolism is high • No signs of light stress Environment holding steady: • 🌡️ 28°C • 💧 ~65% RH • Outside contrast: cold + humid (10°C / 87%) We’re not chasing numbers — we’re watching leaf response (VPD-driven). And right now, she’s fully comfortable. ⸻ Feeding Strategy (Autopot + Support) Reservoir (Mineral Base): • Plagron Terra Bloom • Green Sensation • Power Buds • CalMag (first in solution) EC: ~2.9 – 3.0 → High, but clearly within her tolerance Top Feeding (Manual, occasional): • Sugar Royal • Pure Zym Nothing complicated. Just consistent availability + letting the plant decide uptake. ⸻ 🌸 Flower Development Week 4 flower and you can already see: • Clear bud site definition • Early stacking along the main stem • Structure preparing for weight She’s not rushing flower. She’s building the frame first. That usually means one thing later on: 👉 Potential for heavy, elongated colas ⸻ 🌱 Why This Works (No Veg Insight) Running 12/12 from seed on a plant like this does something interesting: • The plant skips horizontal bush building • It prioritizes vertical structure early • Energy goes into: • Stem strength • Root establishment • Early reproductive readiness For genetics like Ghost Train Haze (naturally large, vigorous): 👉 This approach helps control size without suppressing expression Outside, this would easily become a monster. Here, we’re letting her be big — just within a controlled ceiling. ⸻ 🔮 What to Expect Next Week • Stretch should begin to slow down • Bud sites will start: • Thickening • Connecting • Nutrient demand may stabilize or slightly increase • Watch: • Light distance (she’s getting close) • Airflow through inner canopy No major interventions planned. We continue observing. ⸻ 🤝 Gratitude To everyone walking this path with us: • The OGs who’ve been here from day one • The new eyes discovering the journey • The growers sharing knowledge openly • The communities — inside and outside this platform • The genetics, the gear, the support behind the scenes And yes — even the critics. If you’re here, you’re part of it. From grower to growers. 🌱 📡 DELETED @ 1K Please stay tuned.we never quit https://www.youtube.com/@DOGDOGTHEDOCTOR NEW 🙏 Thank you for your patience and continued support. FOR DISCOUNT CODES AND MORE JUST FOLLOW THE LINK https://website.beacons.ai/dogdoctorofficial 📲 Don’t forget to Subscribe and follow me on Instagram and YouTube @DogDoctorOfficial for exclusive content, real-time updates, and behind-the-scenes magic. We’ve got so much more coming, including transplanting and all the amazing techniques that go along with it. You won’t want to miss it. GrowDiaries Journal: https://growdiaries.com/grower/dogdoctorofficial Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dogdoctorofficial/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@dogdoctorofficial Deleted by Youtube Vimeo : https://vimeo.com/dogdoctorofficial Under construction stay tuned ⸻ Explore the Gear that Powers My Grow If you’re curious about the tech I’m using, check out these links: 🔆 Lighting & Environmental Control • Future of Grow — Advanced LED lighting technology https://www.futureofgrow.com/ DISCOUNT CODE: DOG20 • Lumiflora — Under-canopy LED lighting https://lumiflorade.com/ • TrollMaster — Environmental controllers and automation gear (past collaboration) ⸻ Genetics • Zamnesia Seeds — Genetics used in this project https://www.zamnesia.com/ ⸻ 🌱 Soil, Substrates, Boosters & Root Support • Plagron — Substrates, bio mixes, and supportive products https://plagron.com/en/ ⸻ 🎒 Storage, Curing & Preservation • Grove Bags — Curing and storage solutions https://grovebags.com/ ⸻ 📸 Photography Equipment & Tools (Not sponsors, but part of my creative toolkit) • Sony A6700 • Sony full-frame macro lens + few more • Stacking photography workflow - learning • iPhone (for behind-the-scenes shots) We’ve got much more coming as we move through the grow cycles. Trust me, you won’t want to miss the next steps, let’s push the boundaries of indoor horticulture together! As always, this is shared for educational purposes, aiming to spread understanding and appreciation for this plant. Let’s celebrate it responsibly and continue to learn and grow together. With true love comes happiness. Always believe in yourself, and always do things expecting nothing and with an open heart. Be a giver, and the universe will give back in ways you could never imagine. 💚 Growers love to all 💚 📸 P.S. – The Eye Behind the Lens All photos in this diary (for now — except for the ones showing the camera, which I took with an iPhone) are taken with a Sony A6700 paired with a Sony full-frame macro lens and a few more. Photography is part of the story — it’s how we share the fine textures, the glow, and the quiet details that words can’t always capture. I’ve also started experimenting with photo stacking — a technique where multiple images, each taken at a slightly different focus point, are layered together to create one perfectly sharp image from front to back. It’s not digital enhancement or AI; it’s pure photography — a way to reveal the plant’s beauty in microscopic depth, from trichome to petal. You’ll even see a few shots of "ghost me" capturing the shots — camera, lens, setup — because every grow deserves not just to be cultivated, but documented like art. FOR DISCOUNT CODES AND MORE JUST FOLLOW THE LINK https://website.beacons.ai/dogdoctorofficial NEW DISCORD - Official Server Invite Link : https://discord.gg/ksjAkA5T74

Grow Diary Update: Week 5 - Pre-Flowering and LST Evaluation Entering Pre-Flowering Stage At the end of last week, the first pistils appeared, marking the beginning of the pre-flowering stage for my plants 🙌 There's much to manage now. To support optimal stretching, I've adjusted the nutrients following 2/3 of the Terra Aquatica feeding schedule: CalMag: 2 ml/l (Starting EC before adding nutrients: 0.45 mS/cm) Grow: 1.33 ml/l Bloom: 1.0 ml/l Micro: 1.33 ml/l The nutrient solution now has an EC of 1.3 mS/cm (638 ppm PPM-500/TDS) with a pH of 6.1. These adjustments aim to promote vigorous growth and prepare the plants for flowering. Weather and Growth With significant weather improvements, my plants are thriving at full speed. Every centimeter gained now counts towards maximizing the final yield, turning around from the challenging weeks prior. Pest Management I'm fortunate not to have encountered pests like spider mites, aphids, or thrips. However, the persistent snail issue remains. Nightly patrols with a flashlight have been effective, and placing old lettuce leaves away from the plants has helped trap and remove snails, ensuring the plants remain undisturbed. LST Experiment Results The two plants I trained with LST have responded admirably, showing healthy adaptation to the bending and vigorous growth. Yet, I'm at a crossroads regarding the upcoming stretch phase: should I continue to tie down branches to maintain an even canopy or allow natural upward growth to potentially boost vertical yield? Your Feedback Matters I value your insights on this critical decision. Should I proceed with low-stress training to control canopy height, or should I let the plants stretch upwards for increased productivity? Your experiences and advice are invaluable to me as I navigate this stage of my grow. Share your thoughts below! Stay tuned as I continue to document the pre-flowering stage and learn from the ongoing LST experiment in my grow diary!

start of week 6. (day 36). i am not sure how far my plant is in flower right now. she looks like week 4 now but shes in flower since march 12 (today is may 4th) i noticed she kept growing the first weeks of 12/12 but here she is now, huge and bushy but looks like a week 4 or 5 of flower here... gues ill have to flower her at least another 3 weeks from now. as u see in the video, the smallest plant doesnt have too much yield, thats because i cut of so many undergrowth (stems and leaves) during the third week of flower) this plant was already in a very bad shape before flower. how she looks now is unbelievable compare here here and watch the pics of week 5 vegetation. i flushed the system this morning untill this evening ( in the 12h dark period they run straight rainwater) and when the lights turned back on tonnight i added the nutrients at 820ppm (0.5 convertion) i hope she will now get more explosive as i had 250 grams dried but last time i grew this on soil (2 plants, this diary is on here too “critical”) these were grown under the same light in soil, finished quicker and had more yield (as of now) anyway lets see what happens the next weeks. may 8 (day 39) defoliation, not too much just big fanleaves from the top of the cannopy and underneath the net, more light reaches budsites now

This week went outstanding, she is still stretching and up to 40 inches. I really hope she is done stretching because I am running out of room. I was still feeding her 50/50 on bloom and veg nutes last week, but as of today she is getting 100% Bloom Nutrients. I am still defoliating her about every other day, but hopefully I am about done with that except for a few leaves here and there that may be blocking bud sites. I am now feeding her bloom nutrients and a PK booster, so hopefully she is ready to focus on flower production. So far I am super impressed with Ethos Genetics, this lady is definitely low maintenance and grows vigorously. I hope everyone had a great weekend, enjoy the video and Blaze On!

well, that day dawned :) growing in a suitcase was really difficult, temperature, humidity, plant growth, everything was very difficult to control, but I managed something, it was an extremely interesting experience :) 119 gr wet, I think it will be between 25-30 gr dry , which I think is really good from the suitcase :) it was something different than usual, and now I'm going to grow another begina, which is much bigger than this one :) good luck to everyone, and thank you.:)

2nd net is up. Early bud formations are promising. holding up to the extremes pretty well, some leaves taking minor damage, but overall, she is holding up, gave her 1 night at 50F see how she would react, stressful. Not advised as it messes with her metabolism, but I want to see if it triggers any anthocyanin response. Love to see her purp up but no signs yet. Remember, For every molecule of glucose produced during photosynthesis, a plant needs to split six molecules of water. This process provides the hydrogen needed for synthesizing glucose and other organic compounds, while oxygen is released as a byproduct. Homework. If Rubisco activity is impaired and it cannot properly function or regenerate its substrate, the plant's leaves are likely to turn a pale green or lime green, a condition known as chlorosis. Essentially, Rubisco activity is highly regulated and susceptible to various environmental and metabolic factors that can cause it to become inhibited, leading to an apparent failure in RuBP regeneration due to a lack of consumption. Rubisco regeneration is intrinsically linked to nitrogen supply because Rubisco is a major sink for nitrogen in plants, typically accounting for 15% to over 25% of total leaf nitrogen. The regeneration phase itself consumes nitrogen through the synthesis of the Rubisco enzyme and associated proteins (like Rubisco activase), and overall nitrogen status heavily influences the efficiency of RuBP regeneration. RuBisCO is a very large enzyme that constitutes a significant proportion (up to 50%) of leaf soluble protein and requires large investments in nitrogen. Insufficient nitrogen supply limits the plant's ability to produce adequate amounts of RuBisCO, thereby limiting the overall capacity for photosynthesis and carbon fixation. Maintaining the optimal, slightly alkaline pH is crucial for the proper function and regeneration of Rubisco. Deviations in either direction (too high or too low) disrupt the enzyme's structure, activation state, and interaction with its substrates, leading to decreased activity and impaired RuBP regeneration. (Lime/yellowing) Structural Component: Nitrogen is an essential building block for all proteins, and the sheer abundance of the Rubisco protein makes it the single largest storage of nitrogen in the leaf. Synthesis and Activity: Adequate nitrogen supply is crucial for the synthesis and maintenance of sufficient Rubisco enzyme and Rubisco activase (Rca), the regulatory protein responsible for maintaining Rubisco's active state. Nitrogen deficiency leads to a decrease in the content and activity of both Rubisco and Rca, which in turn limits the maximum carboxylation rate, Vmax, and the rate of RuBP regeneration Jmax, thus reducing overall photosynthetic capacity. Nitrogen Storage and Remobilization: Rubisco can act as a temporary nitrogen storage protein, which is degraded to remobilize nitrogen to other growing parts of the plant, especially under conditions of nitrogen deficiency or senescence. Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE): The allocation of nitrogen to Rubisco is a key determinant of a plant's photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE). In high-nitrogen conditions, plants may accumulate a surplus of Rubisco, which may not be fully activated, leading to a lower PNUE. Optimizing the amount and activity of Rubisco relative to nitrogen availability is a target for improving crop NUE. Photorespiration and Nitrogen Metabolism: Nitrogen metabolism is also linked to the photorespiration pathway (which competes with carboxylation at the Rubisco active site), particularly in the reassimilation of ammonia released during the process. To increase RuBisCO regeneration, which refers to the process of forming the CO2 acceptor molecule Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) during photosynthesis, the primary methods involve optimizing the levels and activity of Rubisco activase (Rca) and enhancing the performance of other Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle enzymes. Biochemical and Environmental Approaches: Optimize Rubisco Activase (Rca) activity: Rca is a crucial chaperone protein that removes inhibitory sugar phosphates, such as CA1P (2-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate), from the Rubisco active site, thus maintaining its catalytic competence. •Ensure optimal light conditions: Rca is light-activated via the chloroplast's redox status. Adequate light intensity ensures Rca can effectively maintain Rubisco in its active, carbamylated state. •Maintain optimal temperature: Rca is highly temperature-sensitive and can become unstable at moderately high temperatures (e.g., above 35°C/95F° in many C3 plants), which decreases its ability to activate Rubisco. Maintaining temperatures within the optimal range for a specific plant species is important. •Optimize Mg2+ concentration: Mg2+ is a key cofactor for both Rubisco carbamylation and Rca activity. In the light, Mg2+ concentration in the chloroplast stroma increases, promoting activation. •Manage ATP/ADP ratio: Rca activity depends on ATP hydrolysis and is inhibited by ADP. Conditions that maintain a high ATP/ADP ratio in the chloroplast stroma favor Rca activity. Enhance Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle enzyme activity: The overall rate of RuBP regeneration can be limited by other enzymes in the cycle. •Increase SBPase activity: Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) is a key regulatory enzyme in the regeneration pathway, and increasing its activity can enhance RuBP regeneration and overall photosynthesis. •Optimize other enzymes: Overexpression of other CBB cycle enzymes such as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) and triose phosphate isomerase (TPI) can also help to balance the metabolic flux and improve RuBP regeneration capacity. Magnesium ions, Mg2+, are specifically required for Rubisco activation because the cation plays a critical structural and chemical role in forming the active site: A specific lysine residue in the active site must be carbamylated by a CO2 molecule to activate the enzyme. The resulting negatively charged carbamyl group then facilitates the binding of the positively charged Mg2+ion. While other divalent metal ions like Mn2+ can bind to Rubisco, they alter the enzyme's substrate specificity and lead to dramatically lower activity or a higher rate of the non-productive oxygenation reaction compared to Mg2+, making them biologically unfavorable in the context of efficient carbon fixation. The concentration of Mg2+ in the chloroplast stroma naturally increases in the light due to ion potential balancing during ATP synthesis, providing a physiological mechanism to ensure the enzyme is activated when photosynthesis is possible. At the center of the porphyrin ring, nestled within its nitrogen atoms, is a Magnesium ion (Mg2+). This magnesium ion is crucial for the function of chlorophyll, and without it, the pigment cannot effectively capture and transfer light energy. Mg acts as a cofactor: Mg2+ binds to Rubisco after an activator CO2 molecule, forming a catalytically competent complex (Enzyme-CO2-Mg2+). High light + CO2) increases demand: Under high light (60 DLI is a very high intensity, potentially saturating) and high CO2, the plant's capacity for photosynthesis is high, and thus the demand for activated Rubisco and the necessary Mg2+ cofactor increases. Mg deficiency becomes limiting: If Mg2+ is deficient under these conditions, the higher levels of Rubisco and Rubisco activase produced cannot be fully activated, leading to lower photosynthetic rates and potential photo-oxidative damage. Optimal range: Studies show that adequate Mg2+ application can enhance Rubisco activation and stabilize net photosynthetic rates under stress conditions, but the required concentration is specific to the experimental setup. Monitoring is key: The most effective approach in a controlled environment is to monitor the plant's physiological responses e.g., leaf Mg2+ concentration, photosynthetic rate, Rubisco activation state, and adjust the nutrient solution/fertilizer to maintain adequate levels, rather than supplementing a fixed "extra" amount. In practice, this means ensuring that Mg2+ is not a limiting factor in the plant's standard nutrient solution when pushing the limits with high light and CO2. Applying Mg2+ through foliar spray is beneficial to Rubisco regeneration, particularly in alleviating the negative effects of magnesium (Mg) deficiency and high-temperature stress (HTS). While Mg can be leached from soil, within the plant it is considered a mobile nutrient, particularly in the phloem. Foliar-applied Mg is quickly absorbed by the leaves and can be translocate to other plant parts, including new growth and sink organs. Foliar application of: NATURES VERY OWN MgSO4 @ 15.0g L-1 in a spray bottle. For those high-intensity workouts when 1 meal a day is just not enough! Foliar sprays are often recommended as a rapid rescue measure for existing deficiencies or as a supplement during critical growth stages, when demand for Mg is high. Application in the early morning or late evening can improve absorption and prevent leaf burn. The plant was getting a little limey yellow in the centre. Shortly thereafter, she was back in business, green mostly regenerated. The starting point [of creativity] is curiosity: pondering why the default exists in the first place. We’re driven to question defaults when we experience vuja de, the opposite of déjà vu. Déjà vu occurs when we encounter something new, but it feels as if we’ve seen it before. Vuja de is the reverse—we face something familiar, but we see it with a fresh perspective that enables us to gain new insights into old problems. Confidence is evidence... nothing more. You are confident because you have driven 10,000 times, you are confident because you have spoken 10,000 times. People think confidence is a feeling, but it's not. If you want more confidence, then you need to create evidence, take more shots, collect more data, build more experiences, take more risks; fail, confidence doesn't come first; it is the reward you get for doing the work. no one else wants to do.