no need to experiement. More plants with a shorter vege time required to fill an area is the fastest way to do it.
Yield will mostly about about DLI (daily light integral) and properly fillingn the space with plant mass -- whether it comes from one or many plants really doesn't matter much, except for the amount of vege time required. More plants, less vege time.
More plants also means more diversified risk, but probably also a bit more work per cycle. Personal preferences will come into play, too.
when you plant 4 plants, it's common not to see any majore issues, but if a plant has one, you lost 25% of yield, roughly. With 16 plants, you may have a couple bad plants, but won't lose as much of your canopy if you do. Plant defects are fairly common and if inbred, that probability increases. Always good to plant 150-200% or more of what you actually need, and kill off the weak ones. 150-200% of 2-4 is no big deal, but 150-200% of 16 is fair to call burdensome, lol. 24-30 seedlings... even if you kill a few slow/weak early on, that's a ton of pots to take care of.