I jokingly asked a question like this on a breeding cycle of mine...
growdiaries.com/grow-questions/69984-i-think-something-is-wrong ----
growdiaries.com/grow-questions/75583-does-too-concentrated-sts-cause-inviable-pollen--despite-dabking-seeing-seeds-all-over-there-were-no
What's funny is that eveyone thought it was pollinated (for good reason, since it was intended to produce Fem seed), but guess what? Not one single seed found. The pollen turned out to be inviable.
So, the ability of people to determine if a bud is pollinated or not without a visible seed poking out is obviously suspect. I thought it was pollinated too, bwahaha.
If the pistils turned color early, that's a good sign of pollination. About 4 weeks after pollination you might find some visible seeds poking out of the calyx. Not all plants produce large enough seeds to do so, fwiw. After several weeks you could 'bioppsy' a calyx and split it open. You'll be able to see with naked eye for certain at that point if a seed is inside.
Other signs - veg growth ends sooner than you expect and smaller-than-expected buds form. The plant shifts gears when heavily pollinated to focus on the 100s-1000s of seeds forming.
The plants in picture 4 and 5 do not look pollinated. If the plants in first few pictures are the same age, the rusty pistils are a bad sign for seeds, but not a gaurantee, either.