A light spectrum in the scope of 400 to 700nm induces growth and development, and UV (100–400nm) and infrared (700–800nm) light play a role in plant morphogenesis—which is essentially the process of plants developing their physical form and external structure. Optimizing Your Knowledge in the Grow Room To maximize your yield, always aim for 40 moles, or 40,000,000 μmol, per day. Here is how much PPFD is needed per second for each phase of cannabis growth to achieve the DLI of 40 moles of light per day. Seedling phase (18hr cycle): 200–300 μmol m-2 s-1 Vegetative phase (18hr cycle): 617 μmol m-2 s-1 Flowering phase (12hr cycle): 925 μmol m-2 s-1, (1500 μmol m-2 s-1 @2000ppm co2) (ballpark) When choosing grow lights for cannabis, it is essential to check the technical specifications to determine if they are strong enough to get the job done. Of course, this doesn't mean that you have to buy the most expensive lights there are. Still, it does mean that you should research each of these specifications in relation to your cannabis plants to find a grow light that will fully serve your needs. This is especially true with PPFD, as this is arguably the most insightful value for growers—it tells you exactly how much useful light your plants are absorbing at a certain distance from the grow light. With my fixed light source, as the plant develop height through stages, it will naturaslly grow into higher μmol ranges naturally dictated by its height. Look forward to filling the tent for the next grow. Last week will see increased blues. ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), a bZIP-type transcription factor, acts as a master regulator that regulates various physiological and biological processes in plants such as photomorphogenesis, root growth, flavonoid biosynthesis and accumulation, nutrient acquisition, and response to abiotic stresses. HY5 is evolutionally conserved in function among various plant species. HY5 acts as a master regulator of a light-mediated transcriptional regulatory hub that directly or indirectly controls the transcription of approximately one-third of genes at the whole genome level. The transcription, protein abundance, and activity of HY5 are tightly modulated by a variety of factors through distinct regulatory mechanisms. This review primarily summarizes recent advances in HY5-mediated molecular and physiological processes and regulatory mechanisms on HY5 in the model plant Arabidopsis as well as in crops. Plants utilize light as the predominant energy source for photosynthesis. Besides, light signal acts as an essential external factor that mediates a variety of physiological and developmental processes in plants. Plants are continuously exposed to dynamically changing light signals due to the daily and seasonal alternation in natural conditions. The various light signals are perceived by at least five classes of wavelength-specific photoreceptors including phytochromes (phyA-phyE), cryptochromes (CRY1 and CRY2), phototropin (PHOT1 and PHOT2), F-box containing flavin binding proteins (ZTL, FKF1, and (LKP2), and UV-B RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8). These photoreceptors are biologically activated by various light signals, subsequently initiating a large scale of transcriptional reprogramming at the whole genome level. Extensive genetic and biochemical studies have established that the ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), a bZIP-type transcription factor, tightly controls the light-regulated transcriptional alternation. Loss of HY5 function mutant seedlings display drastically elongated hypocotyls in various light conditions, suggesting that HY5 acts downstream of multiple photoreceptors in promoting photomorphogenesis in plants. In addition to inhibiting hypocotyl growth, HY5 regulates other various physiological and developmental processes including root growth, pigment biosynthesis and accumulation, responses to various hormonal signals, and low and high temperatures. This review summarizes the recent advances and progress in HY5-regulated cellular, physiological, and developmental processes in various plant species. We also highlighted emerging insights regarding the HY5-mediated integration of multiple developmental, external, and internal signaling inputs in the regulation of plant growth. Among the genes regulated by the circadian clock, we found that the excision repair protein XPA is controlled by the biological clock, and we, therefore, asked whether the entire nucleotide excision repair oscillates with daily periodicity. XPA transcription and protein levels are at a maximum at around 5 pm and at a minimum at around 5 am. Importantly, the entire excision repair activity shows the same pattern. This led to the prediction that mice would be more sensitive to UV light when exposed at 5 am (when repair is low), compared to 5 pm (when repair is high). We proceeded to test this prediction. We irradiated two groups of mice with UV at 5 am and 5 pm, respectively, and found that the group irradiated at 5 am exhibited a 4–5 fold higher incidence of invasive skin carcinoma than the group irradiated at 5 pm. Currently, we are investigating whether this rhythmicity of excision repair exists in humans. Molecular mechanism of the mammalian circadian clock. CLOCK and BMAL1 are transcriptional activators, which form a CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer that binds to the E-box sequence (CACGTG) in the promoters of Cry and Per genes to activate their transcription. CRY and PER are transcriptional repressors, and after an appropriate time delay following protein synthesis and nuclear entry, they inhibit their own transcription, thus causing the rise and fall of CRY and PER levels with circa 24-hour periodicity (core clock). The core clock proteins also act on other genes that have E-boxes in their regulatory regions. As a consequence, about 30% of all genes are clock-controlled genes (CCG) in a given tissue and hence exhibit daily rhythmicity. Among these genes, the Xpa gene, which is essential for nucleotide excision repair, is also controlled by the clock. Circadian control of excision repair and photocarcinogenesis in mice. The core circadian clock machinery controls the rhythmic expression of XPA, such that XPA RNA and protein levels are at a minimum at 5 am and at a maximum at 5 pm. The entire excision repair system, therefore, exhibits the same type of daily periodicity. As a consequence, when mice are irradiated with UVB at 5 am they develop invasive skin carcinoma at about 5-fold higher frequency compared to mice irradiated at 5 pm when repair is at its maximum. The mouse in the picture belongs to the 5 am group with multiple invasive skin carcinomas at the conclusion of the experiment.

In week 3 of flowering, the ladies suffered from nutrient deficiency. Due to vacations, they had SPA water only for a week. I immediately added nutrients to the water tank, with an EC of 1.8 I will also add green sensation starting this week. I also defoliated them, all the affected leaves are almost all gone.

Hello growers, another week by and some leafs just start yellowring but overhaul she already has a pretty nice and smooth smell and the buds are looking beautiful, also I stopped using nutrients and using only water with ph arround 6.3 - 6.5. Hope you guys have a nice and happy new year 🎈and see you in 2021 with more grows! Good grows you all ✌️🏼🌱

Half gallon nute feed. Trichomes still a little glassy. Dense budding 👌🏾. 60-65 days for both ladies will open the window. Flushing soon.

Finalmente le auto sono quasi pronte...

Week 3 Big Leaf strip and lollipop Few more stakes added Lights 100%

The yield is 1st plant: 23.5g 2nd plant: 60g 3rd plant: 46.5g 4th plant: 56.6g I avg 2ozes/plant for these autos except for the untrained one. It's been a great grow and gotta love the harvest. The nugs are dense and big, esp the last plant. It gives one of the best high, and it suits to smoke during day time.

She still falling Down, but buds feels like they are heavy And dense

Week 14 (1-5 to 7-5) 1-5 Temperature: 28.2 degrees (lights on) 22 degrees (lights off) Humidity: 62% (highest) 46% (lowest) No pictures. 2-5 Temperature: 29.2 degrees (lights on) 20 degrees (lights off) Humidity: 61% (highest) 48% (lowest) Removed the net, and tied down some branches to the pot with some gardening wire. This way i can easily remove the pots out of the tent to weigh them. I also moved the oscilating fan from underneath the canopy to above the canopy. This is because the leaves gets hotter as i increase the light's power output. The Gorilla Kush #2 and the Chemdog #2 are showing some heat stress. Installed a valve on the autopot from the Kush #2. This is because its weight is higher then the other pots. Before i watered them i weigh the pots. Dry weight: Gorilla Kush #1: 4.4 kg Gorilla Kush #2: 6.0 kg Added 10L to the reservoir. Opened the reservoir for a couple of minutes. 3-5 Temperature: 26.2 degrees (lights on) 19.9 degrees (lights off) Humidity: 61% (highest) 47% (lowest) No pictures. Increased the light's power output to 75% LUX: 16.000 / 20.000 4-5 Temperature: 26.9 degrees (lights on) 21.2 degrees (lights off) Humidity: 59% (highest) 41% (lowest) Opened the reservoir for a couple of minutes. 5-5 Temperature: 27.6 degrees (lights on) 21.2 degrees (lights off) Humidity: 60% (highest) 47% (lowest) No pictures. 6-5 Temperature: 27.6 degrees (lights on) 20.4 degrees (lights off) Humidity: 60% (highest) 42% (lowest) Dry weight: Gorilla Kush #1: 4.4 kg Gorilla Kush #2: 5.4 kg Added 10L to the reservoir, there was still 2850 ml left in the reservoir so now its almost 13L. Opened the reservoir for a couple of minutes. (Only Gorilla Kush #1) I also lowered the Gorilla Kush #2 a little bit, as she is showing some heat stress. The bud development of the #2 is very mediocre, some buds show some THC, and some buds have almost none on them. I am sure the yield will be low, so i will probably make some hash with the #2 7-5 Temperature: 27 degrees (lights on) 19.8 degrees (lights off) Humidity: 57% (highest) 44% (lowest

11-28 Last week on my veg, saw first hair today. Thought she may be a bit bigger by now, but its coming 💪 She got 1k water yesterday with silica 5ml, cal/mag 3ml, drops of balance 1ml, yucca 1/64 tsp. 1/2 tsp recharge and 1 ounce EM1. 12-1 Water 2k ml. Adjusted lst a bit and stripped her leafs. She been through a lot. I may or may have stunted her a bit. Maybe she will kick in. Waiting a minute before anything else. 12-2 Bumped light to 75%. She should start stretching any day/time. .

Itty-Bitty is now 15 inches tall, Strain: Royal Dwarf-- so she was not meant to get very big anyways!- VERY happy with the 25-30 buds, she will not grow amy taller, now focusing on fitting up her nuggets. She's the oldest of my 7 strains this run- popped up from soil Oct 3rd 2023. Do not plan on harvest until 2024.

After consulting with a few others working with this strain I have seen that they can have quite a stretch and given the time frame with my other project the time is here to switch to flower. So this is day one and when these photos were taken they had just woken up.

10/28 - First week in the books. I figured now would be as good a time as any to use a sprouted seed tea because the plants seem to be starting to fully stretch. Pistils are coming slowly but surely. Canopy isn't full but it's still the best I've ever done and I'll take that knowledge into future grows. Exciting weeks ahead. Crazy to think in two weeks it will look more like the finished product than the plants you see before you. I'll take them out for a photo shoot this weekend. The amount times I will be taking them out of the tent will be limited from here-on-out. These plants are getting cumbersome.

Day 49 - Clearly she's starting to get to the end of the life-cycle. The nutrient reserves are being used up in the leaves, although I also suspect a bit of nutrient lockout as well. Today only gave PH'ed water. After taking another look at the trichomes today, I'm starting to wonder if she really is ready for harvest yet or not 😅 I guess I'll take another video in a few days and see how they look then. The pistils are curling in though now, so that's one sign that harvest is getting closer. Day 53 - Watered again today; she was a little droopy 😳 PH was about 6.05 And took another video of the trichomes...a good one this time. And what do you know...plenty of the trichomes still look clear AF, although I do notice some amber ones. Going to wait until at least next week for sure now to harvest.

I thought, i posted last week, but it seems like I did not click the save button, but luckily I did not delete last week’s images and videos, so I posted them and with the latest images and videos. I am honoured to be growing this strain, because my first attempt was gorilla glue but I lost it when I moved back to jozi from Limpopo… but here I am getting another stab at it, though it’s not GG#4, strains that contain the gorilla gene seem to be high THC strain, I am expecting couch potatoe high.

day 16 in flower. very little stretching on this Pheno. and she's started showing her purple already. I'm super excited and hope I get my taste and high on point. thanks for sticking with me. 🙏🏿💯

Bueno resumiendo cookies gelato es una variedad híbrida muy fácil de cultivar pero ojo, cuidado con los últimos riegos si no queréis perder cosecha por moho. Lo demás de 10 pegada heavy sabor increíble, cogollos duros como rocas y bañados de una gran capa de polen. El ambiente del secado se mantuvo en 23 grados de media y la humedad estuvo por debajo de los 45% en todo momento. Poco más la verdad estuve encantado de poder cultivar una genética tan potente . Un saludazo que paséis un final de año increíble y por supuesto buenos humazooos💨💨💨.

Look how sophisticated plants are. I took 3 snapshots from my grow room during dark period and put them into a short 3 frame video. my plants were introduced to 12-12 just a few days ago. first frame is 1 hour after lights out second frame is 7 hours after lights out third last frame is 1 before lights turn on. Look how plant know when light is about to turn - the leaves lift as it gets closer to the end of 12 hours of dark. Do not pay attention to timestamps - its wrong its just 6 days of 12-12 and they already adjusted to that.....i think its amazing.