The plants are ready to be chopped and hung for 3-5 days. I removed all the fans leaves and left them all branches on the main stem. The ladies smell so strong I can wait to see how they turn out when they are dried and cured. 1) I plan to hang them for 3-5 days @ 71 f and 50-55 RH, 2) Do a final tight trim 3) Than I will move them to jars and cure for 2-3 weeks I will update the diary with harvest pictures & weight before I move them to the jars for curing. I think the seeds might have got mixed up when packing because these three plants were all supposed to be the same and you can clearly tell from the pictures that they are not.

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Week 9 6/2-6/8 Now at the start of week 9, my outside gals, except L. Cake are now in flower. One of the last top view photos 6/2 of Opium shows flowers forming. She is over 6 feet tall. From the side view photo of Opium last week to the photos take 6/3 show a growth spurt compared to the zinnia in the flower stand behind Opium. This is the first week I’ve had to add nutrients to her feeding. Some lower leaves were yellow. Since I’ve been using amended soil, this indicates Opium is a heavy feeder. Nutrients in soils are used up and she is starting to use her own food sources. Our temperatures are nearing mid 80's with high humidity. The plants are requiring at least a gallon of water a day. 5 gallons well water TPS1 60ml used 1 gallon per plant =12ml Cal-Mag 25ml used 1 gallon per plant =5ml Recharge 5ml used 1 gallon per plant =1ml Signal 1.25ml PPM 1414, PH 6.93, Temp 82.5 Note I do not have to PH adjust my well water. However, our city water comes out of the tap at 8.2 ph so I must PH down using the hose or my inside grows, ============ Germination April 6. Vegetation Week 1 water only Week 2 water only Week 3 added recharge and TPS1 increased ppm to 570. Week 4 continues with recharge and TPS1. I added Fox Cal mag increasing ppm to 685 - 805. Week 5 TPS1 9ml/gal Recharge 5 ml/gal Fox Cal-mag 5 ml/gal Week 6 5/12-19 Moved outside in 5 gal air pots receiving rain and well water. Week 7 5/19-25 Since I was in Colorado last week, I feel very behind on my diaries. Opium received only rainwater for the last 2 weeks. She is 38 inches and has huge leaves. Some have 13 fronds on one leaf. She is taller than the cage support by 2 feet. I removed the peony cage support because Opium phenotype is tall and lanky. Sativa structure all the way. Week 8 5/26-6-1 Fractal And Opium from Divine Seeds love the natural rain and sunshine evidenced by vigorous growth. Opium is over 52 inches tall and her crown is above my eye level so you may not get anymore top views They love the natural rain and sunshine evidenced by vigorous growth. Thank you @DivineSeeds Thanks for the visits, likes and comments, I appreciate all the plant love💚. Have fun & love what you grow 💚 Sending you good vibes of love, light, and healing 💫 💫Natrona 💫 DIVINE SEEDS ***OPIUM*** Harvest:1000 g/m2 Divine Seeds developed Opium as a new champion strain, unprecedently powerful and loaded with unbelievable quantities of resin. Certainly, no average genetic base could be behind such brilliant parameters! Several Afghani Indica landraces, recognized as most potent and resinous, were bred together with a mighty Brazilian Sativa which Opium inherits its bright berry taste from. Then a great deal of work followed aiming for the highest THC level and endurability as well as a branchy structure that would provide maximal yields. Now we can proudly title Opium the best Indica you could dream of growing! Indoors these plants mostly stay mid-height (1.5 m), reaching up to 2.0 m out of doors. Depending on your height limitations, Opium flourishes universally in grow boxes, balconies, green houses and terraces. Due to its Afghani parentage, this strain can stand hot weather if provided enough water and some shadow. Responds well to any training techniques: ScroG and SoG, LST, topping and FIM, supercropping. The start of blooming is marked with a rush of growth, when plants stretch almost 1.4x. Expect heavy colas that often require additional supports. Whilst ripening, Opium gives off a pungent earthy stench with fruity and berry undertones, also a bit of pine. Ready for outdoor harvesting in October. The stoning psychedelic impact of Opium is like being hypnotized (unless you’ve had too much, then it feels more like a blackout). Stone-lovers will appreciate every minute with Opium: its spicy taste immerses your mind into daydreaming, while the body rests flat. Recreation with this psychedelic Indica means silent tripping from one insight to another. Mighty enough to kill chronical pains, Opium is also medically efficient against insomnia, nausea, appetite disorders, muscle spasms, headaches, irritation, fatigue, panic attacks, epilepsy. Best consumed at night time, the effects keep going for up to 4 hours. Equipment and nutrients Pots: 5gallon Air pots Soil Fox Farm Happy Frog Amended with worm castings, dolomite lime and mychorihiza Recharge Seeds provided by Divine Seeds Divine Seeds breeding company The link to Opium Feminized Seeds Opium - Divine Seeds breeding company

🎃👹👽MONSTERCROPPING RED MANDARINE 👽👹🎃 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 💀 12.2 everything is OK. tomorrow I try a new macro lens to photograph purple trichomes 😍 💀 13.2 ... 💀 14.2 Happy Valentine's Day 💀 15.2 ... 💀 16.2 Ready the carnival photos ... which is your favorite? 😁🦄 💀 17.2 💀 18.2 Red Mandarine bonsai shaped in the shape of a heart, with a ring in the center. Created to celebrate 3 years with my current partner, if you read, hello I love you <3 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 📜👀 A look at the details of what I'm growing 👀📜 🍊💚 Red Mandarine F1 🍊💚 by 🌱🍭 Sweet Seeds 🍭🌱 📋 Details ⚧ Gender ▪️ Feminised ➰ Genes ▪️ 55% Indica / 45% Sativa 🎄 Genetics ▪️ Red Poison Auto (SWS39) хCalifornia Orange x Skunk hybrid) 🚜Harvest ▪️ 400 - 500 g / m² 🌷Flowering ▪️ 49 - 63 days ✨THC ▪️ 16% ✅CBD ▪️ 0,2% 🏡Room Type ▪️ Indoor 🌄Room Type ▪️ Outdoor 🕋Room Type ▪️ N/D 🎂Release Year ▪️ 2019 __________________________________________________________________________ 👀📷🥇 Follow the best photos on Instagram 🥇📷👀 https://www.instagram.com/dreamit420/ 🔻🔻🔻Leave a comment with your opinions if you pass by here🔻🔻🔻 🤟🤗💚Thanks and Enjoy growth 💚🤗🤟

SUNDAY 4/21: I fed them about 1/2 gallon each today. Will take some photos tomorrow- MONDAY: Had other stuff to do, so they only got looked at for a few minutes today... TUESDAY: Took some photos and rearranged everybody. WEDNESDAY: I rearranged and took some photos and a video. I'll water them tomorrow- THURSDAY: I watered with about 1/3 gallon and included some terpinator, calimagic, and beastie bloomz. They are both losing some foliage due to the high-temp issues from last week, but they should be fine if I can drop the temps and keep it stable for another couple weeks.. FRIDAY: I made some improvements to my fresh air a/c intake in the tent that dropped the temp a couple of degrees, and the new dehumidifier is keeping the RH right where I want it..45-50%.👌 This allows the evap cooler to be more effective at cooling as well...above 50% RH and it's basically just a fan..

Comenzando la 3era semana en donde nuestras Tropicannas Poison de Sweet Seeds. van super y con un olor. La alimentacion es la misma en variando en un poco las dosis.

First week of flower and she is looking very lush and dark green no deficiancies what so ever and no real problems or anything Day 35 removed the bigger guidehooks and the flux is tough enough to stand on its own Also removed a couple of fanleaves and rehooked her 1 node further up the line systematicly doing this for duration of the first week of stretch so she can widen out a tad bit🙏🙏

So nice Pero me faltó la maya Looking good No sé ni que crecí pero es bastante hermosa

A few of the autos have mostly milky trichomes but no amber yet. Maybe another two weeks.

This is the week 2! Well, the plant looks really healthy, and she kept growing up, straight to the light! Good to see that even after the strange beginning, with the stem crooked, she recover her path! This week, I'm also planning to start feeding them with some NPK. Just need to read a little bit more about it and buy nutrients. Probably I'll try Canna stuff. Anyone know if it's good?

She's doing well this week.

I have given the a defoliation at the top and below as in the last week has gone crazy. I have been given most RO water and looks like they can't stop growing. lower the light to around 600 pfd as the tops of the gorilla glue looked burnt. I just have a Strawberry gorilla short maybe something that I have done at the beginning or just genetics as the other is double the size.

WEEK 5 8/16- Alrighty! Start of week five and all the ladies are in flower and starting to look sexy as hell! Even the Crystal Meth #2 in the SOHUM Living Soil that had a soil ph of 5.2-5.4 and 4.2 ph runoff on a 4 1/2 gallon flush of 7.7 ph water is doing well! I checked the ph on her soil this morning and she's at 6.4...PERFECT! I gave all the girls a drink of de-chlorinated water in the amount of 2 1/2g with 1 tsp CalMag+ added and ph'd to 6.9 split evenly between them. 8/17- Day 30- The girls are all really growing like crazy filling out their 10g fabric pots. I went through all of them today and, using the green horticultural wire LST'd the crap out of everyone! I know, I know....LST on Day 30??? I've LST'd this late before and had really good results so giving it a go this run. Gave all the girls a small drink as they were moist 2" down using 2 1/2g de-chlorinated water ph'd to 6.8 @ 75 deg. After I LST'd all the girls, I selectively tucked shade leaves and defoliated a couple here and there and also removed all the shitty little undergrowth down low on the main stalks. Can't believe the FastBuds Crystal Meth #2 came back from the edge of oblivion. I checked her medium(SOHUM Living Soil) ph which is still @ 6.4...whew! I think she's gonna do just fine, although not as good as her sister who's an obviously different phenotype. 8/18- Cranked up the HLG 650R's to max today. Now drawing 1300w at the wall-650w each and raised both lights to 42" high which is giving 800-1100 umols depending on what place on the canopy you check. 8/19- I administered the second dose of live Nematode's with the girls morning watering. I put the Nematodes in 2 1/2 gallons of de-chlorinated water ph'd to 6.8 @ 74 deg. and split it evenly between all eight pots. I tightened up the LST on all the girls to keep spreading them out and getting better light penetration into the lower canopy. 8/20- I started a batch of Compost Tea this morning- 4 cups worm castings, 1 cup of Alfalfa Meal, 1 cup Kelp Meal, 2 tbsp Bat Guano into 4 1/2 gallons of de-chlorinated water with a 6.9ph in which I added 5 tbsp of unsulphured molasses as a catalyst for the microbes. I'll brew this for 48 hours. The ladies all were moist enough that I felt safe skipping the water for today, I'll give them a light watering tomorrow, then a heavy feed with the compost tea. I went through and tucked the heck out of leaves blocking bud sites from light (this is a chore as the girls are getting BUSHY as hell!) and removed a few scattered fan leaves that refused to be tucked and were really blocking light into the lower canopy....can't be having that, need the LIGHT! 8/21- Ladies were all looking very perky this morning and the FastBuds Crystal Meth and Purple Lemonade are both getting beautiful purple shades to them especially the FastBuds Crystal Meth #1 in Natures Living Soil Autoflower Concentrate, she's absolutely on FIRE although her node spacing is very wide. The #2 Crystal Meth in SOHUM that had the ph issue with her medium seems to have recovered after I flushed the shit out of her. She's behind her sister and definitely has a different structure than the #1 phenotype. The Purple Lemonade #1 & #2 are both flowering with #2 looking way better. The #1 Purple Lemonade has some thick kushy leaves and she's a short little biatch, in contrast to the #2 which is tall and lanky with wider node spacing. The #2 Purple Lemonade is having a little issue apparently with the nitrogen level in the medium as she's getting 'claw tips' on several of her leaves and judging by her dark green coloration, she's nitrogen rich right now. I'll keep an eye on her but don't think it's a big issue at this moment in time. The Seedsman Gelato OG in Natures Living Soil Autoflower Concentrate is getting bushy and has filled out the 10 gallon fabric pot. She's got a ton of bud sites and it's a struggle training to keep all the sites exposed to light. The #2 Gelato OG in SOHUM is doing about the same as her sister but she's not quite as tall. The Seedsman Zkittles #1 slowed down on her stretch and just decided to get bushy instead! She's still in pre-flower but is very healthy and will be getting it on very soon! Her 'Sin Twisters' Zkittles #2 & #3 are beautiful and in flower. The Zkittles 'twins' were previously the shortest plants in this run but have caught up and are as tall as the Zkittles #1 @ 14". 8/22- End of Week 4! The girls got Compost Tea ( 8.1 ph, 840 ppm and 1636 EC @ 78 deg.) for breakfast this morning along with a top dress on the six ladies growing in Natures Living Soil Autoflower Concentrate / Fox Farms Happy Frog mix. The two SOHUM pots with the Seedsman Gelato OG #2 and FastBuds Crystal Meth #2 got 4 tbsp of 2-8-4 slow release dry amendments by Down To Earth top dressed and worked in by hand. I gave them each 1/2 gallon of Compost Tea after top dressing to help water in the nutrients. I went through all the girls and tucked and gently spread their branches to continue to train them as they get ready to really start flowering. The FastBuds girls are getting MORE colorful each and every day and I can't wait to open the tent each morning to see them....BEAUTIFUL!!!

The CalMag definitely helped. No new growth is showing signs of deficiencies. Last night we hit them with a low dose of nutrients and more CalMag and they looked amazing this afternoon! Already seeing some pistols popping on all 4 plants, so I think we have 4 females! Going to up the nutrients next watering.

9/15 12AM MONDAY!!! THEY ARE ALL DOING GREAT!!! VERY HEAVY AMINOS YESTERDAY, NO DAMAGE. 9/15 11:24PM. In plant cells, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) act as transporters, facilitating the movement of anthocyanins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the vacuole for storage, though their exact mechanism is still being studied. The synthesis of glutathione (GSH) itself occurs in the cytosol of mammalian cells through two ATP-requiring enzymatic steps, while anthocyanins are synthesized via a separate phenylpropanoid pathway 9/15 11:42PM glutathione metabolism glutathione S-transferases plantsThinkingKicking off 5 searchesLooking at 71 sitesPutting it all together In plants, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a diverse family of enzymes integral to glutathione (GSH) metabolism, primarily functioning in detoxification and stress response. The core of this process involves GSTs catalyzing the conjugation of the tripeptide GSH with various toxic compounds, or xenobiotics, making them less harmful and easier to sequester or transport. Glutathione (GSH) metabolism in plants GSH metabolism is a tightly regulated process that maintains cellular redox balance and protects against stress. Biosynthesis: GSH is synthesized in two adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent steps:(gamma )-Glutamylcysteine synthetase (GSH1) joins L-glutamate and L-cysteine to form (gamma )-glutamylcysteine. In Arabidopsis, this enzyme is located exclusively in the chloroplasts.Glutathione synthetase (GSH2) adds glycine to (gamma )-glutamylcysteine to produce GSH. This enzyme is found in both the cytosol and the chloroplasts.Oxidation and reduction: GSH exists in two forms: a reduced monomer (GSH) and an oxidized disulfide dimer (GSSG).Oxidation: In the process of scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), GSH is oxidized to GSSG.Reduction: Glutathione reductase (GR) uses NADPH to reduce GSSG back into active GSH, which is essential for maintaining a high GSH-to-GSSG ratio inside the cell.Degradation: Glutathione can be degraded in the cytosol, apoplast, and vacuoles by (gamma )-glutamyltransferases (GGTs) and other peptidases, allowing for recycling of its amino acid components.Transport and compartmentalization: While synthesis occurs in the chloroplasts and cytosol, transporters move GSH and its conjugates throughout the cell, including to the mitochondria, peroxisomes, and vacuoles. Functions of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) GSTs are a large, ancient gene family with diverse roles that extend beyond detoxification. The primary functions involving GSH are: Detoxification of xenobiotics and heavy metals: GSTs catalyze the conjugation of the thiol group of GSH to a wide range of electrophilic and hydrophobic substrates, including herbicides, pesticides, and heavy metals. The resulting GSH-conjugates are then recognized by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and sequestered in the vacuole, reducing their cellular toxicity.Protection from oxidative stress: Stress conditions like drought, salinity, and high light increase levels of ROS, which cause lipid peroxidation. 🚨Some GST isoforms have glutathione peroxidase (GPOX) activity, using GSH to reduce toxic lipid hydroperoxides to less damaging alcohols, thereby protecting cell membranes.Defense against pathogens: During pathogen attacks, GST activity increases to detoxify microbial toxins and secondary defense-related compounds. This helps to bolster the plant's resistance response.Metabolism of endogenous compounds: GSTs play roles beyond immediate stress response by participating in the normal metabolic processes of plants. Examples include:Hormone transport: Some GSTs act as binding proteins (ligandins) that transport plant hormones like auxins within the cell.Metabolite transport: Specific GSTs facilitate the transport of important compounds like flavonoids and anthocyanin pigments into the vacuole.Tyrosine degradation: The zeta GST class (GSTZ) catalyzes a critical step in the breakdown of the amino acid tyrosine.Redox signaling: By influencing the GSH/GSSG ratio and interacting with plant hormones, GSTs can regulate cellular signaling pathways that control growth and stress response. 🚨GSTs and plant stress response The expression of many GST genes is highly inducible by various environmental and endogenous cues, making them key players in a plant's ability to adapt to adverse conditions. Abiotic stress: Drought, salinity, heavy metals, and extreme temperatures all trigger increased GST expression, which helps plants manage resulting oxidative damage. Overexpression of specific GST genes has been shown to enhance stress tolerance in transgenic plants.Herbicide resistance: The ability of crops and weeds to detoxify herbicides through GST-catalyzed conjugation is a well-studied example of GSTs in stress adaptation. Herbicide safeners, chemical agents that protect crops from herbicide injury, work by boosting the activity of these GST enzymes.Developmental processes: Studies have linked the expression of certain GST genes to specific stages of plant development, such as fruit ripening, root and stem development, and flower formation. "" 9/16 12:32am AI Overview In plants, phenylalanine is the precursor for anthocyanin synthesis, a process that involves a multistep pathway in which glutathione (GSH) plays a critical role in the transport of the final pigment to the cell vacuole. Phenylalanine initiates anthocyanin synthesis The biosynthesis of anthocyanins begins with the amino acid phenylalanine, which is produced via the shikimate pathway. The conversion process, known as the phenylpropanoid pathway, involves a series of enzymatic reactions: 1. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL): This enzyme catalyzes the first committed step of the pathway, converting L-phenylalanine into trans-cinnamic acid. 2. Downstream enzymatic reactions: A series of additional enzymes, such as chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase, convert the intermediate compounds into unstable anthocyanidins. 3. Glycosylation: Glycosyltransferase enzymes stabilize the anthocyanidins by adding sugar molecules, creating the final, stable anthocyanin pigments. 4. Glutathione is crucial for anthocyanin transport After synthesis, glutathione is essential for transporting anthocyanins for storage. * Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs): These enzymes bind to the newly formed anthocyanins in the cytoplasm. This binding is a key step that facilitates the transport of the anthocyanin-GST complex across the tonoplast (the vacuolar membrane) and into the vacuole. * Vacuolar storage: Once inside the vacuole, the anthocyanins accumulate and provide color to plant parts, such as flowers, fruits, and leaves. * Catalytic role: Recent research has also found that certain GSTs have a catalytic role in anthocyanin synthesis. They can catalyze a dehydration step to form specific anthocyanidins, significantly boosting production in engineered systems. * The process in summary The synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins involve a coordinated process of multiple steps: 1. Production from phenylalanine: The amino acid phenylalanine enters the phenylpropanoid pathway, where enzymes convert it into the basic flavonoid structures. 2. Formation of anthocyanidins: Further enzymatic modifications produce the colored but unstable anthocyanidins. 3. Stabilization and transport with glutathione: These anthocyanidins are stabilized by glycosylation and then bound by GSTs (which use glutathione). This binding enables their transport into the vacuole for storage and visible pigmentation. 9/15 12:46AM https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7238016/ 9/16 1:30AM BKO is looking great!!! Conclusion The “butter frosting” resin on Cookie Apple F1, healthy yellow-green fusiform, and Blueberry KO’s pigmented cotyledons show your anthocyanin-glutathione-phenylalanine strategy is working—phenylalanine drives synthesis, glutathione ensures transport. Tweak amino acids to 100–150 mg/L to reduce tip burn. 9/16 3:34am 9/16 4:31AM Anthocyanin glutathione synthesis phenylalanine proline tmg powder relating current project: * Phenylalanine is a precursor: Phenylalanine is an amino acid and the starting point for the phenylpropanoid pathway in plants. * Anthocyanin synthesis: This pathway creates various secondary metabolites, including the flavonoid pigments known as anthocyanins, which give plants their red, purple, and blue colors. * Pathway activation: Multiple enzymes, such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), catalyze the conversion of phenylalanine into the building blocks for anthocyanin. * Anthocyanin and glutathione synthesis * Glutathione S-transferase (GST): This enzyme is crucial for synthesizing anthocyanins in plants. It transports anthocyanins into the cell's vacuole for storage. * Glutathione (GSH) production: Anthocyanins can promote glutathione synthesis in certain cells. For instance, the anthocyanin cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (C3G) has been shown to increase the expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase (Gclc), a key enzyme in GSH synthesis. * Antioxidant effect: By upregulating GSH production, anthocyanins contribute to the antioxidant defense system, protecting cells from oxidative stress. * Proline and glutathione synthesis * Shared precursor: In some organisms, the synthesis pathways for proline and glutathione share a precursor molecule called γ-glutamyl phosphate. * Alternative pathway: Research on bacteria and yeast has revealed an alternative, trace pathway where γ-glutamyl phosphate from the proline synthesis pathway can be diverted to produce the glutathione precursor γ-glutamylcysteine. * Oxidative stress response: Studies in mouse oocytes show that supplementing with proline upregulates genes related to glutathione synthesis (Gclc and Gclm), increases glutathione levels, and reduces oxidative stress. * TMG powder, methylation, and homocysteine * Methyl donor: Trimethylglycine (TMG), or betaine, is a potent methyl donor, meaning it provides methyl groups needed for various biochemical processes in the body, including the methylation cycle. * Homocysteine regulation: One of TMG's primary functions is to convert the amino acid homocysteine into methionine. This helps regulate homocysteine levels, which is important for cardiovascular health. * TMG and proline interaction: In plants and some organisms, TMG and proline act as compatible solutes or osmoprotectants, helping cells stabilize against osmotic stress like drought or salinity. However, in human biology, TMG mainly functions through methylation, while proline is involved in different metabolic and antioxidant roles. * How they all relate The listed components are connected through several overlapping metabolic and regulatory pathways: * Anthocyanin synthesis starts with phenylalanine. * Anthocyanins can promote glutathione synthesis via upregulation of key enzymes like Gclc. * Glutathione synthesis can be influenced by the proline synthesis pathway, as they share an intermediate in some contexts. * TMG powder supports the methylation cycle, which helps regulate homocysteine levels. While TMG and proline serve similar protective roles in some organisms, their primary human metabolic functions differ, with TMG focusing on methylation and proline having distinct roles in antioxidant response and metabolism 9/17 217am Die Hard Christmas Grow 9/18, 11:34 AM. I ordered some square saucers that were cartoonishly too small but they fit inside the AC infinity germination kit and they fit with the Bud Cups perfectly really nice so it’s not a total loss. 9/18 11:45AM mix. Foliar Spray, the rest of the mix ec 0.46 Mixed up Aminos first and separate and use 16 oz for foliar spray. Then mixed up: Root: 1 mL/L Connoisseur A & B GROW, .2 mL/L CaliMagic, .2 mL/L Purpinator. Setria Glutathione: 150 mg/L(Brand: Emerald 250mg capsule.) TMG: 150 mg/L = (Brand Nutricost) Phenylalanine: 150 mg/L (Brand Nutricost) Proline: 150 mg/L (Brand Nutricost). 9/18 228PM AI Overview Glutathione influences plant colors by regulating the accumulation of pigmented compounds, primarily anthocyanins. The tripeptide accomplishes this through its role in transporting pigments within plant cells and in protecting against environmental stresses like UV radiation that can cause oxidative damage. Transporting pigments into plant cell vacuoles Glutathione works with a class of enzymes called Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) to transport pigments like anthocyanins into the vacuole for storage. Anthocyanin transport: In plants with pigmented tissues, such as purple grapes or red flowers, glutathione-conjugated pigments are transported by GSTs across the tonoplast membrane into the vacuole. This process is crucial for the stable accumulation of pigments. Genetic manipulation: Research shows that manipulating specific GST genes can alter a plant's pigmentation. For instance, silencing a particular GST gene in purple grape hyacinths caused their petal color to shift to a lighter shade of purple. Similarly, defective GST genes in carnations resulted in pale-colored flowers. Protecting against UV light and stress Glutathione helps regulate plant pigmentation in response to environmental factors, especially UV-B radiation. Activating flavonoid production: When plants are exposed to UV light, a surge in glutathione triggers the expression of genes involved in producing flavonoids. Flavonoids, including anthocyanins, can act as protective sunscreens for the plant, and their increased synthesis and accumulation can alter visible coloration. Balancing oxidative stress: Intense UV-B radiation increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants, which can cause oxidative damage. Glutathione is a master antioxidant that helps detoxify these ROS, preventing cellular damage that can affect a plant's pigment-producing mechanisms. Indirectly influencing plant colors By regulating cellular redox status and interacting with other molecules, glutathione also affects pigment expression in more indirect ways. The xanthophyll cycle: As part of a plant's antioxidant system, glutathione helps maintain the reduced state of other protective antioxidants like tocopherol and zeaxanthin. Zeaxanthin is a carotenoid pigment involved in the xanthophyll cycle, which helps dissipate excess light energy. Redox signaling: The balance between reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) is a key cellular signal for stress response. A shift in this ratio during environmental stress can influence the production of secondary metabolites like pigments, allowing the plant to adapt. " 9/19 1:41AM AI Overview The key difference is that anthocyanins are the sugar-containing form (glycosides) of pigments, while anthocyanidins are the sugar-free form (aglycones). Anthocyanidins are the foundational molecules, and when a sugar molecule attaches to them, they become anthocyanins, which are more stable and water-soluble, making them the forms found naturally in plants, such as berries and purple vegetables. Anthocyanidin (Aglycone) Structure: The basic, sugar-free molecule of the anthocyanin structure. Location: Not found freely in nature but is the core component that is then glycosylated. Properties: Color changes with pH, being visible in acidic conditions but colorless in basic conditions. Examples: Cyanidin, delphinidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, petunidin, and malvidin. Anthocyanin (Glycoside) Structure: Consists of an anthocyanidin linked to one or more sugar molecules. Location: Found in the vacuoles of plant cells. Properties: Water-soluble and are the pigments responsible for the red, purple, and blue colors in plants. Function: The sugar attached provides stability, allowing for accumulation in plants and providing antioxidant properties. Examples: Cyanidin-3-glucoside and other derivatives like acylated anthocyanins. " 9/19 2:43AM I also saw a good mans immediate accent into Heaven, that perspective matters too. no less angry about it though. 9/19 10AM Heavy Amino spray 250mg each in 1L of Setria Glutathione and Phenylalanine 9/19 10:10PM The sons and daughters of americas real terror organization carried out the last horror show, and the one before that and before that. It's not a foreign country, it's always the anti white anti human black sheets and badges that did this. 9/19 10:43PM AI Overview Phenylalanine and glutathione contribute to plant colors through different biochemical pathways . Phenylalanine is a precursor for the pigments themselves, primarily anthocyanins, while glutathione is involved in the transport and stabilization of these pigments within the plant cell. Phenylalanine: The pigment precursor The source of aromatic compounds: Phenylalanine is an aromatic amino acid and the starting compound for the phenylpropanoid pathway in plants. This pathway produces a vast number of secondary metabolites, including anthocyanins, which give many plants their red, purple, and blue colors. Color enhancement: Research has shown that increasing the amount of available phenylalanine can lead to more intense red coloration in some fruits, such as mangoes and apples. Pathway stimulation: Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is a key enzyme in this pathway that converts phenylalanine into precursors for anthocyanin biosynthesis. An increase in phenylalanine levels stimulates this entire process. Glutathione: The pigment transporter Anthocyanin transport: After anthocyanin pigments are synthesized in the cell's cytoplasm, they must be transported into the central vacuole for storage. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of enzymes that facilitate this process. Color intensity: A functional GST is essential for proper anthocyanin accumulation. Mutations in GST genes can result in a significant decrease in color intensity, as seen in the pale or white flowers of certain gentian mutants. Mechanism of action: The GST binds to the anthocyanin pigment and moves it from the cytoplasm into the vacuole. If the GST is defective, the pigment cannot be transported correctly, leading to a loss of coloration. Summary of interactions The roles of phenylalanine and glutathione are distinct but cooperative in producing plant colors: Phenylalanine provides the essential building blocks for creating the colored compounds (anthocyanins). Glutathione, with the help of GSTs, ensures these colored compounds are correctly moved to their storage location (the vacuole). This cooperative system explains why mutations or deficiencies in either process can lead to reduced or altered coloration in plants." 9/19 10:51PM AI Overview. Trimethylglycine (TMG) supports the production of glutathione, a vital antioxidant . However, there is no evidence to suggest a direct relationship between these supplements, the amino acid phenylalanine, and the colors of plants. The concepts are linked indirectly via complex biological processes. Trimethylglycine (TMG) and glutathione TMG and glutathione are connected through the body's methylation cycle. TMG as a methyl donor: TMG plays a critical role in the methylation process by donating a methyl group, which helps convert the harmful amino acid homocysteine back into methionine. Support for glutathione production: This methylation cycle, which is supported by TMG, is essential for producing glutathione. Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant that protects against cellular damage and is crucial for detoxification. Supplementation considerations: TMG supplements are sometimes taken alongside other supplements to support health, though consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended. Phenylalanine and the methylation cycle Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid, but its role is distinct from the TMG-glutathione process. Essential nutrient: Phenylalanine is a key nutrient for cellular metabolism. Potential interactions: A separate medical study on experimental hyperphenylalaninemia (abnormally high phenylalanine levels) in chicks observed a decrease in other amino acids in the brain, including those involved in the glutathione pathway. This demonstrates how excessive levels of one amino acid can potentially influence others, though this does not represent a typical interaction. Plant colors The connection between the supplements and plant colors is purely conceptual, as the colors are determined by completely different biological processes. Anthocyanins: The colors of many plants, including red, purple, and blue flowers, come from pigments called anthocyanins. Glutathione in plants: While plants contain glutathione as an antioxidant to combat stress, it influences color by regulating the transport and accumulation of anthocyanin pigments, not by being a pigment itself. TMG and phenylalanine in plants: Plants contain TMG, which functions as an osmoprotectant (protecting against osmotic stress). They also contain phenylalanine, but these substances do not directly determine the plant's visible color." 9/19 11:21PM. !!!!!! this was pointless and im dumber for having read it. !!! Light intensity and spectrum affect metabolism of glutathione and amino acids at transcriptional level: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6938384/ 9/20 11:08 AM the seedlings and the four autos are doing just great. The amino spray with phenylene and glutathione really had nice effects no burning nice solid growth even seedlings from basil lavender various lettuce all are perfect.🚨🚨🚨👍👍👍👍👍 9/21 2AM I AM BECOME ANTHOCYANID!!! ITS WORKING AND ON A SEEDLING I SEE THE GELATO COLLORS IN BLUEBERRY KO AND THE LEAF SHAPE OF BUBBLES BLUEBERRY,!!!

FBT2401 is starting her bulking stage. She is due for a solution change. It looks like the mixture is getting too strong for her. I will be doing that very soon. Likely tomorrow when I have more time. Beside that everything is looking pretty good now. Thank you Fast Buds, Medic Grow, and Athena. 🤜🏻🤛🏻🌱🌱🌱 Thank you grow diaries community for the 👇likes👇, follows, comments, and subscriptions on my YouTube channel👇. ❄️🌱🍻 Happy Growing 🌱🌱🌱 https://youtube.com/channel/UCAhN7yRzWLpcaRHhMIQ7X4g If anyone needs to purchase fastbuds here is a link for my affiliate program https://myfastbuds.com/?a_aid=60910eaff2419

I have 2 that I wi'll start flushing in a few days and the other pheno types are probably another 5 days away from the 8 to 10 day flush.these girls are looking amazing.just check my video out .

Plant is looking good 😊, fully recovered from defoliation, I set the lights closer, switched them to 12h of light per day, and did some spraying to control pests with neem oil and organic Marseille soap, everything good so far . Can't wait to see the flowers forming. I used a net to open up the branches, and get more colas, it worked but I think stressed out the plant a bit and the fact that I did it in the flowering period didn't helped, so next time I'll do it way before, but I recently bought the net so.. anyway I kept the net on for three days, and now I decided to remove it cause was getting me lot of troubles accessing the setup in general, watering, basically made impossible any movement inside the tent. Still did is thing and now I have not the best even canopy but many more top colas for sure. Please give me any advice, I've noticed it is drying out lot faster, humidity is still at 58% but I believe the roots are much more developed. I will leave home for 2 or 3 weeks, my sister will have the duty to just water, can't ask her more, hope for the best. So updates will be very rare but she'll take pictures for me and for us :D .