Was definitely a pleasure growing,amazing looking plant.Loved seeing the progress and seeing the purple really come through. had the true purple pheno so was very happy about that.In hindsight i shouldve cloned and made a mother etc with this pheno but yeah next time.Like i said earlier watch out for cannabis aphids and PM.Bud is currently in jars curing ,want to leave it for atleast a month before i start toking on it

This week went by quickly. They're doin their Pre-Flower stretch and getting big quickly!! I added my Pre-Flower mix to them this week. My Nutrient Pre-Flower Mix consists of H20, Coconut, Bananas, Pineapple, Sweet Potatoes, Kelp, Alfalfa Meal, All Organic Non-Pasturized Whole Milk, Epsom Salts, Black Strap Molasses, and L.A.B. or Lactic Acid Bacteria. First, I boiled the coconut, pineapple, sweet potatoes, the bananas, and left the skins on as well except the coconut of course! That I had to split in half and make sure to keep the water inside to add to the boil. After boiling everything I then let it cool and then added it to a blender to blend little by little. After blending I left separate and placed into the fridge. Then I took 1 Tbsp of Alfalfa Meal and 2 Tbsp of Kelp, 500mL of the milk, 2 Tbsp of Epsom Salts, and mixed them in a 750 mL bottle. Then I took 1L of the mix and added 2 Tbsp of L.A.B. and 2 Tbsp of Black Strap Molasses and then shook the bottle well! Then I took the 750mL bottle and the 1L bottle and fed that to the plants adding 250 mL of pH H2O to the plant as well to flush the ingredients all into the plant with the H20. I wanted to also note that I choose to slowly defoliate so that the plant doesn't go into shock and also fan leaves collect light in all spectrums so taking too many off at a time could hurt or slow the growth of your plant! The amount of light your plant takes in daily is called DLI or Daily Light Index. Overall, they're really growing and have a ton of bud sites developing! I'm excited to see the growth weekly and their colors!

📅 Week 8 | 🗓️ Days 50–56 – Start of week 9 | first signs of flowering 🌸 Day 56 - Papayton 🚀🏀 🔸 Very vigorous this week: broad, even canopy with lots of tops; the stem is solid with nice “knuckles” from training. Lower shoots are tidy – air and light are getting through well. Leaves are rich green, upright, and without burns. The first pistils are appearing at the nodes and tips – the transition to flowering has begun. 🔸 Setup: on 12/12 since day 50. With ~700 PPFD approx. DLI ≈ 30 mol/m²/day – ideal for stretch/transition. Maintain a distance of ~40 cm and adjust during stretch. Over the next few days, I will increase to approximately 900 PPFD. 🔸Biotabs & water only: continue as before. Keep pH at around 6.2, maintain even moisture (no hard drybacks). Only add more if there are clear signs of deficiency – otherwise, don't force anything. 🔸In week 9, small flower clusters should form; if necessary, lightly defoliate and provide support sticks/trellis so that the tops can start cleanly. 📈 Current Conditions 🌡️🔆 = 24°C 🌡️🌜 = 19°C 💨 Humidity = 60% 🔦 PPFD = 700 µmol (12/12) 🛠️ Setup (unchanged) 💡 2 x SANlight Evo 4 - 120 @ 80% ⛺ 120 x120 x 180 Spiderfarmer 🍯 Pots: 18 liter fabric pots 🌱 Soil: Bio-Bizz light mix 💊 Nutrients: BIO Tabs only water method 💧 Water: Tap Water 0,5 EC 🌱 “Easy, organic, only-water method. Save 15% with GDBT420. biotabs.nl/en/shop/”

The weak plan slowly recovered být I do not expert big yield.

I 100% believe this plant only turned out so great was because I added big bud from advanced nutrients this run. I love the stuff I will probably start tring out there other products when I need to replace nutrients as I run out of what I have What a week. It’s been hotter here than in Miami Florida what’s going on with the world it’s broken. Well it’s ok drying buds when the ac blasting is always perfcet

Put a lot of love into this grow. She grew for 4 months from seeds to harvest. About 5 weeks and 56 days of flower. Overall great strain to grow and great site @growdiaries for giving the platform and help from other growers. I’ve learned so much about growing and especially about this strain.

******************************************** Week 3 Veg. ******************************************** Light cycle=18/6 Light Power=90w 37% Extractor controller settings High temp= Day 25c, Night 20c Low temp= c Temp step=0c High Rh= Day 63%, Night 68% Low Rh= % Rh step=0% Speed max=8 Speed min=1 Smart controller settings (during lights on). Lights on=4.00am Humidifier on=-55% Humidifier off=+59% Top fan on=+24.0c Top fan off=-23.5c Smart controller settings (during lights off). Lights off=10.00pm VPD aim=0.5-1.1 DLI aim=16-20 EC aim=0.2-1.4 PH aim=6.0-6.8 💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧 Method= Autofeed 5 drippers. Feed=Veg Nutes. Neutralise=0.1ml/L Grow=2.0ml/L Roots=0.2ml/L Silicon=1.0ml/L Calmag=1.0ml/L Volume=8L Easy Ph down= 0.125ml/L Ec=1.4 PH=6.5/6.7 Runs=12 Run times=4min (260ml each) Gap times=16min Total runtime=48mins (3.12L each) Total flowrate= 130ml/min (65ml/min each) Auto start time=5.00am Auto stop time=8.44am 💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧 ******************************************** 📅2/6/24 Sunday (day 15) 📋 Hot today. Humidifier is in grow room now and not the tent. 📅3/6/24 Monday (day 16) 📋 H=11cm D=52cm Dli=18.6 Ppfd=287 📅4/6/24 Tuesday (day 17) 📋 Installed drip system. 📅5/6/24 Wednesday (day 18) 📋 I don't think this one got as much water. Topped ✂️ between 5th and 6th nodes at 8.30pm 💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧 Method= automatic Feed=nutes Volume=8L Ec=1.4 PH=6.5 Volume left=3.75L Volume used=4.25L Volume each=2.1L Runoff. Total runoff=0.7L Ec=6.3 PH=5.6 💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧 📅6/6/24 Thursday (day 19) 📋 📅7/6/24 Friday (day 20) 📋 📅8/6/24 Saturday (day 21) 📋 H=15cm D=48cm Dli=21.3 Ppfd=328 ******************************************** Weekly roundup. 📋 This is Fire, she's been topped between 5th and 6th nodes, recovering well from the topping and looking very healthy. The rate she has grown has really impressed me. Take it easy. Back soon. ********************************************

Experiencing what seems to be my first nutrient lock out. Bought a soil ph tester from homdepo its reading 7.0 so that what bring me to that conclusion on top of the slower growing and the slight yellowing around the leaves. I was being cheap and using the liquid ph tester that comes with the ph up and down and im regretting now seeing my plants in not the best condition. Im ordering a better ph pen today i used the vivosun one the i currently have got the water to 5.8 checked the run off and its at 6.2 hopefully that helps. Saturday im going to top dress and water at 5.8 aging and im thinking that should put me back on track Any advice i could definitely use some tips and pointers

~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_ 02/19/22 First week of flower at last!! We didnt feel like waiting another 2-3 weeks for the next tent to clear so we setup a temporary 18hr space for moms and clones, both tents are officially 12hrs now (we just ordered a 3rd tent)..the Bangers have been in flower for 2 days now and they were definitely ready, they've already grown a few inches since Wednesday...we started bloom nutrients last week and cut grow solution this week..they couldn't look happier atm..I think we're in for a fantastic yield (i just hope we don't outgrow the space )..we also have 10 Solo cups tucked behind these of our own cross all flowering at once... We intend to lower the MarsHydro around week 3 of flower...we only grabbed 1 cutting of the Bangers so I'm REALLY hoping it takes because having mom of this wouldn't suck.. thanks for dropping by and reading my novel if you chose to do so lol, happy harvests friends!! ❤️💡🌱😽💨 ⚡Mars Hydro/SP-3000⚡ Specifications ⚙️: Diodes: Samsung LM301B / Osram 660nm (960 total!) Driver: Meanwell 300watt 🔌 (300W±5% @AC120V-277V) PPF: 824umol/S ☢️ PPE: 2.8 µmol/j 〰️〰️ Lifespan: 50k+ hrs ⌛ Weight: 10.1 lbs (4.6kg) Veg Coverage: 3 x 5 ft 🌱 Flowering Coverage: 2 x 4 ft 🌼 -The SP-3000 uses an aluminum heatsink (no fan) and the driver can be placed outside the tent 🌡️⬇️ -IP65 waterproof ratings, tolerant to high humidity grow environments 💦 .. -Up to 15 can be daisy-chained together and all controlled from a single light! 💡~💡~💡~💡~💡 ~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_ 2/22/22 🐱👌 Bangers have grown a few inches in the last couple of days and our home cross is growing fast at 12/12 from seed ❤️🌱 ~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~

Day 70 (4/22): about two weeks left with this plant. Day 71 (4/23) Day 72 (4/24) Day 73 (4/25) just fed plain water. Probably going to pull this plant in about 5 days. Day 74 (4/26) Day 75 (4/27) Day 76 (4/28)

I don't think much more will happen in case of Bud thiccness, just getting more ripe. But i hope im wrong, wouldn't mind if they get a little bit more swollen. Since im Colorblind i can't say for sure, but i think RG #1 is turning kinda Purple? RG #2 has still the biggest buds and starts to fade now. There are still a lot of white pistils and Trichomes are also not ready yet, still not milky and i surely want some amber in it also. So i guess at least another 2 weeks, mostly 3. Don't want to harvest them too early, they should have the time to get ready. This week they also got again 10ml of Bio PK, next week will be the last time, then only water for 2 weeks. So see you next week then! :)

Alien vs triangle is taking longer than I thought she is in flushing now day 4! Trichomes are turning the rest of the way Amber! The whole place stinks and she's extremely sticky.

Nothing new this week.... See a bit of growth but not a lot.... Gave some nutrients and normal water... Looking good and healthy. Very excited to see how these 3 ladies turn out, that's if they are females, I can't see yet. There's a vid if you want to watch.

Flowering is going amazing, this candy cane is growing some very fast weight and caking up with Trichome’s. The sweet and slightly minty berry smell is growing in power day by day, and I’m very happy with how the size of the buds are developing since adding the increase of 2-8-4 and fish bone meal, just a little bit, not too much at all and she’s reacting great, knowing that the candy cane is a larger auto in size makes me a bit sad with the total size of this plant, but in its young age as my very first auto I believe I probably stunted it, but after all this and how she looks now Im more than happy with the growth, yield and quality of it, just speaking now as I do not obviously know how much I Will revive from it, I’m guessing about a ounce. No small bud sites other than maybe one on a lower branch that already has a main top cola on it. The main cola is massive and packing on a lot of size. I’ve switched the light to a hour less now as I am growing 2 photo indica L.A grape and with the season change I am having to fix my temp and humidity more for the photos, so changing to a 17-7 schedule has actually helped quite a lot and also has helped my other autos veg slightly better. But all in all I’m very exited!

Day 78- She is ready with about 5-10% Amber Trichomes. I can’t tell you how Amazballs she smells. Super limey like a green sour patch kid. So frosty I couldn’t be happier with Xmas around the corner I am going to be blitzed off of this for the Holiday😎 . Going into 2 days of dark then the choppers. I will upload more pictures beofore I chop and hang her. I defanned her before the dark period so I can just chop and full plant hang for about 10 days. Then into jars for cure. Chopped Her and came out to 597 grams full plant. Can’t believe I got her on my scale but I did and was epic.

This strain is easy and pleasure to grow.

ANTHOCYANIN production is primarily controlled by the Cryptochrome (CR1) Photoreceptor ( !! UV and Blue Spectrums are primary drivers in the production of the pigment that replaces chlorophyll, isn't that awesome! 1. Diverse photoreceptors in plants Many civilizations, including the sun god of ancient Egypt, thought that the blessings of sunlight were the source of life. In fact, the survival of all life, including humans, is supported by the photosynthesis of plants that capture solar energy. Plants that perform photosynthesis have no means of transportation except for some algae. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor various changes in the external environment and respond appropriately to the place to survive. Among various environmental information, light is especially important information for plants that perform photosynthesis. In the process of evolution, plants acquired phytochrome, which mainly receives light in the red light region, and multiple blue light receptors, including his hytropin and phototropin, in order to sense the light environment. .. In addition to these, an ultraviolet light receptor named UVR8 was recently discovered. The latest image of the molecular structure and function of these various plant photoreceptors (Fig. 1), focusing on phytochrome and phototropin. Figure 1 Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra of phytochrome, cryptochrome, phototropin, and UVR8. The dashed line represents each bioactive absorption spectrum. 2. Phytochrome; red-far red photoreversible molecular switch What is phytochrome? Phytochrome is a photochromic photoreceptor, and has two absorption types, a red light absorption type Pr (absorption maximum wavelength of about 665 nm) and a far-red light absorption type Pfr (730 nm). Reversible light conversion between the two by red light and far-red light, respectively(Fig. 1A, solid line and broken line). In general, Pfr is the active form that causes a physiological response. With some exceptions, phytochrome can be said to function as a photoreversible molecular switch. The background of the discovery is as follows. There are some types of plants that require light for germination (light seed germination). From that study, it was found that germination was induced by red light, the effect was inhibited by subsequent far-red light irradiation, and this could be repeated, and the existence of photoreceptors that reversibly photoconvert was predicted. In 1959, its existence was confirmed by the absorption spectrum measurement of the yellow sprout tissue, and it was named phytochrome. Why does the plant have a sensor to distinguish between such red light and far-red light? There is no big difference between the red and far-red light regions in the open-field spectrum of sunlight, but the proportion of red light is greatly reduced due to the absorption of chloroplasts in the shade of plants. Similar changes in light quality occur in the evening sunlight. Plants perceive this difference in light quality as the ratio of Pr and Pfr, recognize the light environment, and respond to it. Subsequent studies have revealed that it is responsible for various photomorphogenic reactions such as photoperiodic flowering induction, shade repellent, and deyellowing (greening). Furthermore, with the introduction of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (At) and the development of molecular biological analysis methods, research has progressed dramatically, and his five types of phytochromes (phyA-E) are present in Arabidopsis thaliana. all right. With the progress of the genome project, Fi’s tochrome-like photoreceptors were found in cyanobacteria, a photosynthetic prokaryotes other than plants. Furthermore, in non-photosynthetic bacteria, a homologue molecule called bacteriophytochrome photoreceptor (BphP) was found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) and radiation-resistant bacteria (Deinococcus radiodurans, Dr). Domain structure of phytochrome molecule Phytochrome molecule can be roughly divided into N-terminal side and C-terminal side region. PAS (Per / Arndt / Sim: blue), GAF (cGMP phosphodiesterase / adenylyl cyclase / FhlA: green), PHY (phyto-chrome: purple) 3 in the N-terminal region of plant phytochrome (Fig. 2A) There are two domains and an N-terminal extension region (NTE: dark blue), and phytochromobilin (PΦB), which is one of the ring-opening tetrapyrroles, is thioether-bonded to the system stored in GAF as a chromophore. ing. PAS is a domain involved in the interaction between signal transduction-related proteins, and PHY is a phytochrome-specific domain. There are two PASs and her histidine kinase-related (HKR) domain (red) in the C-terminal region, but the histidine essential for kinase activity is not conserved. 3. Phototropin; photosynthetic efficiency optimized blue light receptor What is phototropin? Charles Darwin, who is famous for his theory of evolution, wrote in his book “The power of move-ment in plants” published in 1882 that plants bend toward blue light. Approximately 100 years later, the protein nph1 (nonphoto-tropic hypocotyl 1) encoded by one of the causative genes of Arabidopsis mutants causing phototropic abnormalities was identified as a blue photoreceptor. Later, another isotype npl1 was found and renamed phototropin 1 (phot1) and 2 (phot2), respectively. In addition to phototropism, phototropin is damaged by chloroplast photolocalization (chloroplasts move through the epidermal cells of the leaves and gather on the cell surface under appropriate light intensity for photosynthesis. As a photoreceptor for reactions such as escaping to the side of cells under dangerous strong light) and stomata (reactions that open stomata to optimize the uptake of carbon dioxide, which is the rate-determining process of photosynthetic reactions). It became clear that it worked. In this way, phototropin can be said to be a blue light receptor responsible for optimizing photosynthetic efficiency. Domain structure and LOV photoreaction of phototropin molecule Phototropin molecule has two photoreceptive domains (LOV1 and LOV2) called LOV (Light-Oxygen-Voltage sensing) on the N-terminal side, and serine / on the C-terminal side. It is a protein kinase that forms threonine kinase (STK) (Fig. 4Aa) and whose activity is regulated by light. LOV is one molecule as a chromophore, he binds FMN (flavin mononucleotide) non-covalently. The LOV forms an α/βfold, and the FMN is located on a β-sheet consisting of five antiparallel β-strands (Fig. 4B). The FMN in the ground state LOV shows the absorption spectrum of a typical oxidized flavin protein with a triplet oscillation structure and an absorption maximum wavelength of 450 nm, and is called D450 (Fig. 1C and Fig. 4E). After being excited to the singlet excited state by blue light, the FMN shifts to the triplet excited state (L660t *) due to intersystem crossing, and then the C4 (Fig. 4C) of the isoaroxazine ring of the FMN is conserved in the vicinity. It forms a transient accretionary prism with the tain (red part in Fig. 4B Eα) (S390I). When this cysteine is replaced with alanine (C / A substitution), the addition reaction does not occur. The effect of adduct formation propagates to the protein moiety, causing kinase activation (S390II). After that, the formed cysteine-flavin adduct spontaneously dissociates and returns to the original D450 (Fig. 4E, dark regression reaction). Phototropin kinase activity control mechanism by LOV2 Why does phototropin have two LOVs? Atphot1 was found as a protein that is rapidly autophosphorylated when irradiated with blue light. The effect of the above C / A substitution on this self-phosphorylation reaction and phototropism was investigated, and LOV2 is the main photomolecular switch in both self-phosphorylation and phototropism. It turns out that it functions as. After that, from experiments using artificial substrates, STK has a constitutive activity, LOV2 functions as an inhibitory domain of this activity, and the inhibition is eliminated by photoreaction, while LOV1 is kinase light. It was shown to modify the photosensitivity of the activation reaction. In addition to this, LOV1 was found to act as a dimerization site from the crystal structure and his SAXS. What kind of molecular mechanism does LOV2 use to photoregulate kinase activity? The following two modules play important roles in this intramolecular signal transduction. Figure 4 (A) Domain structure of LOV photoreceptors. a: Phototropin b: Neochrome c: FKF1 family protein d: Aureochrome (B) Crystal structure of auto barley phot1 LOV2. (C) Structure of FMN isoaroxazine ring. (D) Schematic diagram of the functional domain and module of Arabidopsis thaliana phot1. L, A’α, and Jα represent linker, A’α helix, and Jα helix, respectively. (E) LOV photoreaction. (F) Molecular structure model (mesh) of the LOV2-STK sample (black line) containing A’α of phot2 obtained based on SAXS under dark (top) and under bright (bottom). The yellow, red, and green space-filled models represent the crystal structures of LOV2-Jα, protein kinase A N-lobe, and C-robe, respectively, and black represents FMN. See the text for details. 1) Jα. LOV2 C of oat phot1-to α immediately after the terminus Rix (Jα) is present (Fig. 4D), which interacts with the β-sheet (Fig. 4B) that forms the FMN-bound scaffold of LOV2 in the dark, but unfolds and dissociates from the β-sheet with photoreaction. It was shown by NMR that it does. According to the crystal structure of LOV2-Jα, this Jα is located on the back surface of the β sheet and mainly has a hydrophobic interaction. The formation of S390II causes twisting of the isoaroxazine ring and protonation of N5 (Fig. 4C). As a result, the glutamine side chain present on his Iβ strand (Fig. 4B) in the β-sheet rotates to form a hydrogen bond with this protonated N5. Jα interacts with this his Iβ strand, and these changes are thought to cause the unfold-ing of Jα and dissociation from the β-sheet described above. Experiments such as amino acid substitution of Iβ strands revealed that kinases exhibit constitutive activity when this interaction is eliminated, and that Jα plays an important role in photoactivation of kinases. 2) A’α / Aβ gap. Recently, several results have been reported showing the involvement of amino acids near the A’α helix (Fig. 4D) located upstream of the N-terminal of LOV2 in kinase photoactivation. Therefore, he investigated the role of this A’α and its neighboring amino acids in kinase photoactivation, photoreaction, and Jα structural change for Atphot1. The LOV2-STK polypeptide (Fig. 4D, underlined in black) was used as a photocontrollable kinase for kinase activity analysis. As a result, it was found that the photoactivation of the kinase was abolished when amino acid substitution was introduced into the A’α / Aβ gap between A’α and Aβ of the LOV2 core. Interestingly, he had no effect on the structural changes in Jα examined on the peptide map due to the photoreaction of LOV2 or trypsin degradation. Therefore, the A’α / Aβ gap is considered to play an important role in intramolecular signal transduction after Jα. Structural changes detected by SAXS Structural changes of Jα have been detected by various biophysical methods other than NMR, but structural information on samples including up to STK is reported only by his results to his SAXS. Not. The SAXS measurement of the Atphot2 LOV2-STK polypeptide showed that the radius of inertia increased from 32.4 Å to 34.8 Å, and the molecular model (Fig. 4F) obtained by the ab initio modeling software GASBOR is that of LOV2 and STK. It was shown that the N lobes and C lobes lined up in tandem, and the relative position of LOV2 with respect to STK shifted by about 13 Å under light irradiation. The difference in the molecular model between the two is considered to reflect the structural changes that occur in the Jα and A’α / Aβ gaps mentioned above. Two phototropins with different photosensitivity In the phototropic reaction of Arabidopsis Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis responds to a very wide range of light intensities from 10–4 to 102 μmol photon / sec / m2. At that time, phot1 functions as an optical sensor in a wide range from low light to strong light, while phot2 reacts with light stronger than 1 μmol photon / sec / m2. What is the origin of these differences? As is well known, animal photoreceptors have a high photosensitivity due to the abundance of rhodopsin and the presence of biochemical amplification mechanisms. The exact abundance of phot1 and phot2 in vivo is unknown, but interesting results have been obtained in terms of amplification. The light intensity dependence of the photoactivation of the LOV2-STK polypeptide used in the above kinase analysis was investigated. It was found that phot1 was about 10 times more photosensitive than phot2. On the other hand, when the photochemical reactions of both were examined, it was found that the rate of the dark return reaction of phot1 was about 10 times slower than that of phot2. This result indicates that the longer the lifetime of S390II, which is in the kinase-activated state, the higher the photosensitivity of kinase activation. This correlation was further confirmed by extending the lifespan of her S390II with amino acid substitutions. This alone cannot explain the widespread differences in photosensitivity between phot1 and phot2, but it may explain some of them. Furthermore, it is necessary to investigate in detail protein modifications such as phosphorylation and the effects of phot interacting factors on photosensitivity. Other LOV photoreceptors Among fern plants and green algae, phytochrome ɾphotosensory module (PSM) on the N-terminal side and chimera photoreceptor with full-length phototropin on the C-terminal side, neochrome (Fig. There are types with 4Ab). It has been reported that some neochromes play a role in chloroplast photolocalization as a red light receiver. It is considered that fern plants have such a chimera photoreceptor in order to survive in a habitat such as undergrowth in a jungle where only red light reaches. In addition to this, plants have only one LOV domain, and three proteins involved in the degradation of photomorphogenesis-related proteins, FKF1 (Flavin-binding, Kelch repeat, F-box 1, ZTL (ZEITLUPE)), LKP2 ( There are LOV Kelch Protein2) (Fig. 4Ac) and aureochrome (Fig. 4Ad), which has a bZip domain on the N-terminal side of LOV and functions as a gene transcription factor. 4. Cryptochrome and UVR8 Cryptochrome is one of the blue photoreceptors and forms a superfamily with the DNA photoreceptor photolyase. It has FAD (flavin adenine dinucle-otide) as a chromophore and tetrahydrofolic acid, which is a condensing pigment. The ground state of FAD is considered to be the oxidized type, and the radical type (broken line in Fig. 1B) generated by blue light irradiation is considered to be the signaling state. The radical type also absorbs in the green to orange light region, and may widen the wavelength region of the plant morphogenesis reaction spectrum. Cryptochrome uses blue light to control physiological functions similar to phytochrome. It was identified as a photoreceptor from one of the causative genes of UVR8 Arabidopsis thaliana, and the chromophore is absorbed in the UVB region by a Trp triad consisting of three tryptophans (Fig. 1D). It is involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids and anthocyanins that function as UV scavengers in plants. Conclusion It is thought that plants have acquired various photoreceptors necessary for their survival during a long evolutionary process. The photoreceptors that cover the existing far-red light to UVB mentioned here are considered to be some of them. More and more diverse photoreceptor genes are conserved in cyanobacteria and marine plankton. By examining these, it is thought that the understanding of plant photoreceptors will be further deepened.