I guess it is time to accept, that this run went wrong. In comparison to other grows she's incredibly small and probably won't give a great harvest.
I'm still struggling to find out, what exactly the issue is. Over fertilizing doesn't seem to be an issue. Flushing the soil did not change anything. It did not worsen up, but did not get better as well.
I am now experimenting with PPFD and DLI, as the mobile apps have shown way to high results. I am just not sure about how much i can trust these apps as the relative measurement error is dependent on the build in sensor. I have reduced the light to 225W in hope to have better results for the plants to come.