Very nice question, with nice answers, it's always been very interesting to me the whole concept of getting more for less, while the term "pruning" is often associated with trees, it is also a horticultural practice applied to various types of plants, including shrubs, woody plants, and even some garden plants. Pruning involves the selective removal of plant parts, such as branches, stems, or flowers, to improve the plant's health, structure, or appearance.
In fruit trees and some flowering plants, pruning can be used to encourage the development of more fruit or flowers, and it cannot be denied, but does it apply to cannabis?
Break a stem I grows back stronger,
Cut me down I come back multiplied,
Chop off 90% plants ability to perform gas exchange? Not quite.
Root respiration is directly reliant on cellular respiration. Root respiration is the process where plant roots take up oxygen and release carbon dioxide, and this process is fueled by the energy produced during cellular respiration. Cellular respiration breaks down glucose to produce ATP, which powers various cellular activities, including those in the root cells that facilitate nutrient and water uptake.
Cellular respiration in plants relies on gas exchange primarily through leaves. Leaves have specialized pores called stomata that facilitate the intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide, essential for cellular respiration. While photosynthesis also uses stomata for gas exchange (taking in CO2 and releasing O2), respiration relies on the intake of O2 and release of CO2. buds can perform gas exchange, but it is generally less efficient than in leaves. Leaves are specifically adapted for efficient gas exchange with features like a large surface area to volume ratio, numerous stomata, and thin structures. While buds may have some stomata or lenticels, they are not as optimized for this process.
#1 ATP
Everything else is shit rolling downhill, at most by cutting tips you can trick the plant into activating defense mechanisms increasing antioxidant levels, same response from being eaten by herbivore. Stress is what initiates a response, stress doesn't mean you need to remove appendages crippling future energy production, stress can be applied to snap the stems without breaking its structure, for a strong response similar to topping but without the loss of apex.