Voltage, also known as electric pressure, electric tension, or (electric) potential difference, is the difference in electric potential between two points. In a static electric field, it corresponds to the work needed per unit of charge to move a test charge between the two points. In the International System of Units (SI), the derived unit for voltage is named volt. The voltage between points can be caused by the build-up of electric charge (e.g., a capacitor), and from an electromotive force (e.g., electromagnetic induction in generators, inductors, and transformers). On a macroscopic scale, a potential difference can be caused by electrochemical processes (e.g., cells and batteries), the pressure-induced piezoelectric effect, and the thermoelectric effect. Since it is the difference in electric potential, it is a physical scalar quantity. A voltmeter can be used to measure the voltage between two points in a system. Often a common reference potential such as the ground of the system is used as one of the points. A voltage can represent either a source of energy or the loss, dissipation, or storage of energy. Dropping the temps will slightly raise the humidity, air holds less % water the colder it is. Lights on 25-35rh% the same water content will spike to 50rh% + at night just by dropping the temps. At night all the juice photosynthesis has been storing up is mashed and mixed up to make all the goodies we need for bud, water is used to transport all these things everywhere, like little solvent transport devices, once a nutrient/protein has been delivered to destination the plant needs to get rid of all this excess water molecules it was using to transport. The only solution at night is to spit it back out into the air at night. During the peak of flower, this can catch a grower unaware, with a 4x4 full tent it can be a challenge to control all that moisture exhaust overnight especially if you're really pushing the limits. We live in a water world, above or below, our misconception is we live on dry land, we don't live in less watery conditions than above or below. We fit into a very narrow band of moisture that just so happens to be full of lots of air and everything else required for life. Got my first full whiff of the smell of purple lemonade, always surprises me how accurately the smell fits names, the dominant terpenes in the Purple Lemonade weed strain are carene, linalool, limonene, and myrcene. Carene gives this strain its sweet, citrus flavor and some woody notes, whereas the linalool I recognize so well from Granddaddy Purp. Myrcene has been shown to have sedative qualities while bringing musky, earthy elements to the flavor profile. Trichome production started to ramp up, and the plant that grew taller/closer to UV showed noticeably thicker coatings. The taller plant shows slight yellowing of lower leaves, and the smaller plant is green and lush but the buds are slightly less progressed, interesting. I super-cropped the main stem of the tall one just over a week ago (clean). I expected it to be the one slightly behind in development. The plant has roughly 10-15% "Total resources" that it keeps in case emergencies arise. Reserves if you will. My rationale behind breaking anything goes hand in hand with slowing things down as production is lost due to the time it takes to repair damage. I recall watching a YouTube video, where a curly hair gentleman would super crop in a manner to damage but not disrupt using a twisting method, using fingers and thumbs placing them close together one goes clockwise other counter clock this varies a lot depending on the thickness of stem but what you wait for is a tiny snap, it may take several rolls to weaken if walls are tough I found. No snapping or bending of the stem, you want just to fracture it but not puncture this way the xylem and phloem channels remain flowing,the damage is repaired almost instantly and the 10-15% is dispatched with very little repair time. Everything in the general vicinity of the stress will now grow stronger so as to prevent further similar damage. This is why I had expected the tall one to lag behind in development once I had cropped it but low and behold it worked and the tall one has slightly more developed buds. The effects of birdsong on plant life may at first glance be far-fetched. Nigh on ten years ago an article appeared in Nexus Magazine on the discovery or invention of a method of growing plants using bird sounds. Christopher Bird and Peter Tompkins describe the development of Dan Carlson’s Sonic Bloom in their book The Secret Life of Plants. Many others have, it seems, recognized the role of birdsong in the growth of plants, and influenced or directly helped Carlson to develop his invention. Dan Carlson’s desire to see that no one need be hungry through shortage of food sought to understand the optimum growth of plants. He discovered that plants also feed from ‘the top down’ as well as the roots. Underneath all leaves are pores called stomata which open to take in nutrients and moisture from the air. Carlson’s observation that the more bird life there is on the farm, the more abundant is plant life, has been echoed by farmers throughout history, except in modern times. Where there is little bird life, plants are stunted, and dwarfed. Nature has the birds sing at dawn and dusk, which dilates the stomata, and so feeds the plants. One can immediately see the importance of trees. The development of Sonic Bloom was to create birdsong, which is played to the plants, while a foliar nutrient is sprayed onto the plants at the same time as they are being stimulated by the sound, to enhance their growth. This method produced fantastic results in the amount of abundantly nutritious produce from one plant, often in poor soils and in drought conditions. Carlson showed that the breathing leaves of plants are the source of the nutrient intake for growth. This of course is also true for humans—the breath is food. We shall discourse on this on another occasion. Plants transfer nutrients to the soil via this breathing, and Carlson showed that his plants improved the soil and helped earthworms proliferate. The secret of Sonic Bloom was the development of the music of the same frequency as the dawn chorus of the birds. With the help of a Minneapolis music teacher, Michael Holtz, a cassette was prepared. It seems that both birds and plants found Indian melodies called ragas delightfully suitable. This is actually quite profound, although the American farmers, especially women, who had to endure this music whilst it was played to the plants, found it irritating. Holtz found the “Spring” movement of Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons appropriate and concludes: “I realized that Vivaldi, in his day, must have known all about birdsong, which he tried to imitate in his long violin passages. Holtz, it is related by the authors Bird and Tompkins, also realized that the violin music dominant in “Spring” reflected Johann Sebastian Bach’s violin sonatas broadcast by the Ottawa University researchers to a wheat field, which had obtained remarkable crops with 66 percent greater yield than average, with larger and heavier seeds. Accordingly, Holtz selected Bach’s E-major concerto for violin for inclusion on the tape. “I chose that particular concerto,” explained Holtz, “because it has many repetitions but varying notes. Bach was such a musical genius he could change his harmonic rhythm at nearly every other beat, with his chords going from E to B to G-sharp and so on, whereas Vivaldi would frequently keep to one chord for as long as four measures. That is why Bach is considered the greatest composer that ever lived. I chose Bach’s string concerto, rather than his more popular organ music, because the timbre of the violin, and its harmonic structure, is far richer than that of the organ. Birdsong has long been loved but also studied with reference to the musical scale and harmonics. As Holtz deepened his study he said, “I began to feel that God had created the birds for more than just freely flying about and warbling. Their very singing must somehow be intimately linked to the mysteries of seed germination and plant growth. The spring season down on the farms is much more silent than ever before. DDT killed off many birds and others never seem to have taken their place. Who knows what magical effect a bird like the wood thrush might have on its environment, singing three separate notes all at the same time, warbling two of them and sustaining the others. Tree and bird life are essential to Earth's existence, which Carlson, Holtz, and others have shown, but indeed others see and feel. “Plants”, says Steiner, “can only be understood when considered in connection with all that is circling, weaving, and living around them. In spring and autumn, when swallows produce vibrations as they flock in a body of air, causing currents with their wing beats, these and birdsong, have a powerful effect on the flowering and fruiting of plants. Remove the winged creatures, Steiner warns, and there would be stunting of vegetation. Nothing more needs to be added here. It has been said that you cannot hurt the humblest creature or disturb the smallest pebble without your action having a reaction upon something else...You cannot think of an evil thought, no matter how private, without it having an effect upon somebody else. Whatsoever you do in life sets up some form of resonance. When I say the morning chorus of the birds awakens the earth I mean that the characteristic song of the birds sets in motion a series of vibrations which react upon other forms of life. Remember, the soil of the earth is full of living microorganisms. The plants are also living organisms. You, yourselves, are living organisms. Now, this is the beauty and wonder of it all—when one aspect of nature has been moved into a state of resonance it immediately relays its vibrational motion to something else. So when I say the dawn chorus awakens the earth I literally mean what I say. I do not suggest that the earth would come to a standstill without the bird song, but I do mean that life on earth would be sluggish and ineffectual without that first instigating outburst of vibrational power poured forth at just the right pitch and tone to set off a chain effect. I know some of you will say, what happens in those parts of the world where there are no birds? Well, what does happen? Very little, I assure you. The hot deserts and the polar regions where there are few, if any, birds are not renowned for their wonders of nature. It is as though they are asleep. Nothing grows, few things live. Little resonates and there is a great stillness over everything. You see, that outburst of sound just before dawn is like the little lever that works the bigger lever which turns the wheel which moves the machine…and so on. Never underestimate small things. Animals are blessed with instantaneous and unthought-out wisdom. They are in direct contact with God and they act and live as though they are fully aware of it. Men are also in contact with God, but most of them act as though they have never heard of God because they are largely veiled from their divine center by their own thinking minds of which they are so proud.

Week two of flower is here and the first pistils are popping out all over the place. I am pretty pleased with how the training is going and the grow overall. I will here give a report on each plant. 1) Back left plant. Growing very well, the most lateral branching of any plant of the four. multiple additional colas popping up to the canopy level. 2) Back right plant. Growing very well, however almost no lateral branching. Aside from the four main branches and the two lower nodes, there is almost no secondary growth at all, which males this plant a really bad candidate for scrog. To try to encourage more brancing I have topped one of the branches. I do my best. 3) Front left plant. Great growth here, very similar plant to the first. I did accidentally snap a cola off today while training. Whoops. 4) Front right plant. Very similar to the first and third, except she is four days younger so I'm quite pleased that she is holding her own in this scrog. How am I doing so far? This is my first time scrogging, and I am sort of winging it. If you see something wrong please tell me, or if you see something right! Day 8: Fertigated 5l each. Day 10: Photographed and applied defoliation and LST training to continue the scrog process. Day 12: Fertigated 5l each. I will do a final tucking and defoliation in two days, then I will let the girls grow from there in. Day 14: Photographed - will do the final tucking and photograph again More updates to come later in the week. If you are on X, please follow me @Unorthadoxdude

we are reaching the final stretch, many trichomes are already amber but the girls continue to grow. This week I made some adjustments to the LST and super hydration because they were alone for 5 days. One of the polymerized flowers has already formed several small seeds. The citrus scent is prevalent on the grown.

week 5 flowering - No herms, strong aroma, and THC production! 🌿🌸🌱🔥 Hello, fellow growers! It's time for another thrilling update on my flourishing journey. We've officially entered week 5 of the flowering phase, and things are looking absolutely fantastic. Here's what's been happening in my grow room: The most exciting news is that I haven't encountered any hermaphroditic plants thus far. It's a relief to see the ladies staying true to their gender and focusing solely on bud development. 🚫⚡️ The aroma emanating from the grow room is simply amazing! The fragrance has become more pronounced and enticing, filling the space with the delightful scent of resinous goodness. It's a testament to the terpene profiles of these strains. 🌿👃🌸 Additionally, the THC production is in full swing! The buds are swelling and becoming denser by the day. It's truly a sight to behold, and I can't wait to see how they'll develop further as we progress through the flowering stage. 🌿🌱🌸💪 While the plants are thriving, I've noticed a slight nutrient burn on the tips of some leaves. To address this, I've decided to dial back the nutrient concentration a bit for this week. It's important to maintain a careful balance and avoid overfeeding, especially during this critical phase. 💧💚 As for the nutrient solution, the pH has remained stable at 6.33, ensuring optimal nutrient uptake by the plants. The TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) level has been consistently maintained between 1150 and 1250, providing the plants with the necessary nutrient balance. ⚖️📈 With everything going so well, I'm filled with excitement for the upcoming week of flowering. Let's continue to nurture these beautiful plants and enjoy the bountiful rewards they will bring. Happy growing, lads! 🌿💚🌸😎

Semana 5 de floración ya se ve mucha resina aqui muestro fotos del apical de cada planta deberia las 4 Super Boof hay una con tonos violeta

AHHHHHHHHH STOP STRETCHING!!!! I had something similar a few runs ago but I thought it was becuase of high temps. I did not find them to be as high this time and still they stretched a very large amount!! All the ladies in the tent, the GG was actually the lady to stretch the least and shes still very tall compared to previous runs. I did my best to trim them right up and light to most of the nodes but this is absolutely not an idea canopy. I had it so nice and under control then it just went wild in there right quick. Ill do my best to get some nice flowers but I would like to know exactly why the whole tent stretch so much?!?!?!?! 😡 aside from that though the lady looks very healthy lol

Week 6 - Maybe the last vegetative week. Everyone is topped and LST. I think I will let them grow in peace this week (Ill just fix the lst, no more toppings or cutting fan leaves) and install my scrog net

Gracias la equipo de Super Sativa Seeds Club, Marshydro y XpertNutrients sin ellos esto no seria posible 💐🍁 Lava Freeze: Con el nuevo cruce de Friesland Indica (M33 para los cultivadores de la vieja escuela) con Lava Cake, ha nacido una nueva híbrida muy sabrosa que te pega fuerte y te deja colocado. En su día, la Friesland Indica original, alias M33, alias Freezeland, se hizo inmensamente popular en América del Norte. En Canadá, se convirtió inmediatamente en una joya entre los expertos de semillas de cannabis. Fue elogiada por su productividad, su efecto y su increíble sabor. Friesland Indica era también muy robusta y capaz de soportar bien el duro clima exterior de Canadá. Esto la convirtió en una variedad recurrente para muchos cultivadores comerciales clandestinos canadienses y todavía se puede encontrar hoy en día en muchas salas de cultivo canadienses. 🚀🌻 Consigue aquí tus semillas: https://dutch-passion.com/es/semillas-de-marihuana/lava-freeze 💡FC6500: Eficiencia líder en el mercado: la lámpara de cultivo LED FC-E6500, que ostenta un estatus líder en el mercado, es una solución rentable con un PPE de 2,8 µmol/J y un rendimiento máximo de 2,5 g/vatio. Ofrece un PPF alto de 2026 umol/S y es adecuada para una cobertura de vegetación de 1,50 m x 1,50 m y una cobertura de flores de 1,20 m x 1,20 m. Iluminación versátil y uniforme. https://marshydro.eu/products/mars-hydro-fc-e-6500-730w-commercial-led-grow-light/?gad_source=1&gclid=Cj0KCQjw1qO0BhDwARIsANfnkv9IIrYSbmJqz8PqpJOIyWwJfp5bc3SGJgUV68USLQ4tjmXDYwoBuAsaAue3EALw_wcB 🏠 : Marshydro 1.50 x 1.50 x 1.80, carpa 100% estanca con ventanas laterales para llegar a todos los lugares durante el grow https://marshydro.eu/products/diy-150x150x200cm-grow-tent-kit 🌬️💨 Marshydro 6inch + filtro carbon para evitar olores indeseables. https://marshydro.eu/products/ifresh-smart-6inch-filter-kits/ 🍣🍦🌴 Xpert Nutrients es una empresa especializada en la producción y comercialización de fertilizantes líquidos y tierras, que garantizan excelentes cosechas y un crecimiento activo para sus plantas durante todas las fases de cultivo. Consigue aqui tus Nutrientes: https://xpertnutrients.com/es/shop/ 📆 Semana 5: Gran semana , he eliminado las ramas bajas y a algunos ejemplares se les ha practicado poda apical. Voy a dejarlas unos dias mas en crecimiento antes de pasarlas a floración para asi ocupar mas espacio en la carpa. Continuo con las dosis de nutrientes recomendadas por el fabricante. Se vuelve a aplicar tierra de diatomeas para evitar plagas indeseadas. Potencia del foco: 42% Extra UV: 5min x dia

Last week I started with a 3cm spacer, the 3 top head's grew 9cm apart (3rd head bit shorter). This week I'm starting with a 12cm spacer, nearly all branches now have spacers on (bending them) This will now naturally occur bending this wil reduce vertical growth and expose more of the plants surface to maximum light, gaining more tops😁 The other 11Roses has also now got a 10cm spacer inbetween her 2 head's. I have topped all 4 longer head's I'm trying to train these two 11 Roses to be my new mum's(for cloning)...... Any tips anyone has would be greatly appreciated😁

Week 8 - 11/05/26 She got a well needed stripping and had her branches readjusted. Improved light penetration, improved airflow. she needs to get some more height on her. 3 more weeks left in veg i think, then she'll be ready.

For the first 2 weeks the pot was weighed before watering. Into Substrate 10ml D1: D2: 5ml D3: keep moist D4: 10ml D5: keep moist D6: 13ml D7: put towel in tent for more humidity Lamp 70% 65

The stretch is now over and you can see that the plants are now putting all their energy into the flowers. These swell more and more and gradually the filaments start to turn brown. However, the trichomes are still mostly transparent

9/28 Day 24. Raised air pumps above the water line using two 5 gal buckets. Removed the inline air backflow valve and this increased aeration greatly! - Feeding day. Red TDS 850. EC 1.8 / Blue TDS 800. EC 1.7 / Yellow TDS 785. EC 1.6 / 10ml CalMag, 10ml Micro, 5ml Grow, 5ml Bloom, 2ml UC Roots. Will check TDS & EC through the week as they are starting to drink up the water. - LST started today. I will be adjusting them daily to pull off shoot branches in different directions. 9/30 Day 26. Added water for the first time. Used purified drinking water from the grocery store (Ph 7.45 TDS 95 EC .2) and PH'd it down to 5.9 10/1 Day 27. Readjusted the LST wires and added some new ones on the stems that can now be pulled in different directions. Red suffered a break on the main stem that went 1/2 through the stalk. I decided to use the LST wire to push it back together so that it can heal. I will still train the other shoots in different directions and let the main stem just do it's thing. Blue and Yellow pulled in new directions to open up the middle and spread out the stems. - I defoliated (light amount) some of the 3 leaf blades that were touching the container lids, and any larger 5 leaf blades that were blocking light to any new shoots with new stem growth and potential bud sites. I wanted to allow the air flow at the lower section of the plant. 10/2 Day 28. Everyone is bouncing back from the LST. Keeping a close eye on Red and the injury healing. I've decided to do a 1/2 of a weekly feed every 4 days instead of a mass feeding once a week. I will test the TDS and EC, see what the plants are telling me before I feed of course. (All values before feeding) - Red PH 5.98 TDS 720 EC 1.512 - Blue PH 6.17 TDS 728 EC 1.544 / Will add .25 PH down and re-test all in an hour after the feed to check PH values. - Yellow PH 5.93 TDS 708 EC 1.497 Feeding: 5ml CalMag, 5ml Micro, 4 ml Gro, 2ml Bloom, 2ml UC Root Guard. Post Feed values: - Red PH 5.78 TDS 808 EC 1.695 - Blue PH 5.90 TDS 846 EC 1.796 - Yellow PH 5.73 TDS 803 EC 1.700 Lessons learned week 4. 1. Be a little more gentle on LST. 2. Mark the water sight gauge at each 1 gallon increment so that I can track water replenishment levels. 3. Started a spreadsheet to monitor feeding value changes.

Joa, die Gelato ist super stable. Gebrochener Hauptstamm. Egal. 2 mal, auch egal. Sie ignoriert es einfach. 😍 Sensi Seeds Good looking girl. Duftet hervorragend. Aus dem zelt kommt eun frischer Bananen angehauchter treibhausduft. Sehr angenehm.

Day 71 - Starting week 11 off with a bang and love the look and smell of this girl. She’s really starting to fatten up and and need her to start filling in more. Thinking about 2-3 weeks max before she’s ready to chop and looking forward to it. Gave her the first of her week 11 feedings today and might cut her off to just water starting week 12. Day 72 - No big changes or updates. She’s fattening up and filling in beautifully. Will most likely start flushing after the end of this week. Day 73 - Gave her a second feeding today and next one will be Saturday. All is looking great and thinking she’s in track to be chopped at the end of week 13 but will keep and eye on her. Still some clear trichs but a lot of milky in there. She looks gorgeous! Day 75 - Looks great and on track for a chop at the end of week 13. Gave her the last feeding today and will water with straight water and Sledgehammer from here on out to start flushing her out. Day 76 - Closing in on the end of week 11 and she’s just as pretty as ever. Gave her some water today as she seemed to be screaming for it. Will probably do one more week of feedings then flush her with sledgehammer during week 13 and she should be ready for chopping. Day 77 - Ending week 11 and looks great. Have a few leaves showing deficiencies but not sure if it’s because she’s coming to the end of her life or somethings missing. Runoff pH was a little high so worked to correct that today, we’ll see if that helps. If not, she’s only got 2 weeks left.

Anfang w2 in flow. Hatte die ersten tage leider ein bisschen hitze probleme. Gepaart mit zuwenig luftfeuchte. Aaaber gefahr erkannt-gefahr gebannt.😁😇 Jetzt pfeffern sie richtig an👌😋 freu freu Haben ähnlichen strech wie die GMOz was ich hier gepostet habe. Aber nicht gar so massiv. Bin bis jetzt echt begeistert von den mädels Die besten und saubersten stecklinge gibts wie immer bei ROOTS-FARMS👌🌱💚 der beste in österreich und maybe europe😉🤫

I just cut her down like 3 weeks ago. Gd was having update issues. It had pretty purple flowers. They had a nice layer of resin on them. I will update more when I do the smoke report, and have it processed and ready. Thank you Gen1:11, Medic Grow, and Ganja Farmer. 🤜🏻🤛🏻🌱❄️ Thank you grow diaries community for the 👇likes👇, follows, comments, and subscriptions on my YouTube channel👇. ❄️🌱🍻 Happy Growing 🌱🌱🌱 https://youtube.com/channel/UCAhN7yRzWLpcaRHhMIQ7X4g

This grow was challenging because they stretched five times their height after flipping, so I had to rebuild the entire tent to fit them. Unfortunately, this meant that I couldn't use my regular lights but instead had to use a QB light dimmed down to not fry the plants thoroughly. This resulted in light bleaching and insane foxtailing in the top buds and a reduced yield overall. I am confident that both quality and quantity would have been better with less stretch.