What's in the soil? What's not in the soil would be an easier question to answer. 16-18 DLI @ the minute. +++ as she grows. Probably not recommended, but to get to where it needs to be, I need to start now. Vegetative @1400ppm 0.8–1.2 kPa 80–86°F (26.7–30°C) 65–75%, LST Day 10, Fim'd Day 11 CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity): This is a measure of a soil's ability to hold and exchange positively charged nutrients, like calcium, magnesium, and potassium. Soils with high CEC (more clay and organic matter) have more negative charges that attract and hold these essential nutrients, preventing them from leaching away. Biochar is highly efficient at increasing cation exchange capacity (CEC) compared to many other amendments. Biochar's high CEC potential stems from its negatively charged functional groups, and studies show it can increase CEC by over 90%. Amendments like compost also increase CEC but are often more prone to rapid biodegradation, which can make biochar's effect more long-lasting. biochar acts as a long-lasting Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) enhancer because its porous, carbon-rich structure provides sites for nutrients to bind to, effectively improving nutrient retention in soil without relying on the short-term benefits of fresh organic matter like compost or manure. Biochar's stability means these benefits last much longer than those from traditional organic amendments, making it a sustainable way to improve soil fertility, water retention, and structure over time. Needs to be charged first, similar to Coco, or it will immobilize cations, but at a much higher ratio. a high cation exchange capacity (CEC) results in a high buffer protection, meaning the soil can better resist changes in pH and nutrient availability. This is because a high CEC soil has more negatively charged sites to hold onto essential positively charged nutrients, like calcium and magnesium, and to buffer against acid ions, such as hydrogen. EC (Electrical Conductivity): This measures the amount of soluble salts in the soil. High EC levels indicate a high concentration of dissolved salts and can be a sign of potential salinity issues that can harm plants. The stored cations associated with a medium's cation exchange capacity (CEC) do not directly contribute to a real-time electrical conductivity (EC) reading. A real-time EC measurement reflects only the concentration of free, dissolved salt ions in the water solution within the medium. 98% of a plants nutrients comes directly from the water solution. 2% come directly from soil particles. CEC is a mediums storage capacity for cations. These stored cations do not contribute to a mediums EC directly. Electrical Conductivity (EC) does not measure salt ions adsorbed (stored) onto a Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) site, as EC measures the conductivity of ions in solution within a soil or water sample, not those held on soil particles. A medium releases stored cations to water by ion exchange, where a new, more desirable ion from the water solution temporarily displaces the stored cation from the medium's surface, a process also seen in plants absorbing nutrients via mass flow. For example, in water softeners, sodium ions are released from resin beads to bond with the medium's surface, displacing calcium and magnesium ions which then enter the water. This same principle applies when plants take up nutrients from the soil solution: the cations are released from the soil particles into the water in response to a concentration equilibrium, and then moved to the root surface via mass flow. An example of ion exchange within the context of Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) is a soil particle with a negative charge attracting and holding positively charged nutrient ions, like potassium (K+) or calcium (Ca2+), and then exchanging them for other positive ions present in the soil solution. For instance, a negatively charged clay particle in soil can hold a K+ ion and later release it to a plant's roots when a different cation, such as calcium (Ca2+), is abundant and replaces the potassium. This process of holding and swapping positively charged ions is fundamental to soil fertility, as it provides plants with essential nutrients. Negative charges on soil particles: Soil particles, particularly clay and organic matter, have negatively charged surfaces due to their chemical structure. Attraction of cations: These negative charges attract and hold positively charged ions, or cations, such as: Potassium (K+) Calcium (Ca2+) Magnesium (Mg2+) Sodium (Na+) Ammonium (NH4+) Plant roots excrete hydrogen ions (H+) through the action of proton pumps embedded in the root cell membranes, which use ATP (energy) to actively transport H+ ions from inside the root cell into the surrounding soil. This process lowers the pH of the soil, which helps to make certain mineral nutrients, such as iron, more available for uptake by the plant. Mechanism of H+ Excretion Proton Pumps: Root cells contain specialized proteins called proton pumps (H+-ATPases) in their cell membranes. Active Transport: These proton pumps use energy from ATP to actively move H+ ions from the cytoplasm of the root cell into the soil, against their concentration gradient. Role in pH Regulation: This active excretion of H+ is a major way plants regulate their internal cytoplasmic pH. Nutrient Availability: The resulting decrease in soil pH makes certain essential mineral nutrients, like iron, more soluble and available for the root cells to absorb. Ion Exchange: The H+ ions also displace positively charged mineral cations from the soil particles, making them available for uptake. Iron Uptake: In response to iron deficiency stress, plants enhance H+ excretion and reductant release to lower the pH and convert Fe3+ to the more available form Fe2+. The altered pH can influence the activity and composition of beneficial microbes in the soil. The H+ gradient created by the proton pumps can also be used for other vital cell functions, such as ATP synthesis and the transport of other solutes. The hydrogen ions (H+) excreted during photosynthesis come from the splitting of water molecules. This splitting, called photolysis, occurs in Photosystem II to replace the electrons used in the light-dependent reactions. The released hydrogen ions are then pumped into the thylakoid lumen, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis. Plants release hydrogen ions (H+) from their roots into the soil, a process that occurs in conjunction with nutrient uptake and photosynthesis. These H+ ions compete with mineral cations for the negatively charged sites on soil particles, a phenomenon known as cation exchange. By displacing beneficial mineral cations, the excreted H+ ions make these nutrients available for the plant to absorb, which can also lower the soil pH and indirectly affect its Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) by altering the pool of exchangeable cations in the soil solution. Plants use proton (H+) exudation, driven by the H+-ATPase enzyme, to release H+ ions into the soil, creating a more acidic rhizosphere, which enhances nutrient availability and influences nutrient cycling processes. This acidification mobilizes insoluble nutrients like iron (Fe) by breaking them down, while also facilitating the activity of beneficial microbes involved in the nutrient cycle. Therefore, H+ exudation is a critical plant strategy for nutrient acquisition and management, allowing plants to improve their access to essential elements from the soil. A lack of water splitting during photosynthesis can affect iron uptake because the resulting energy imbalance disrupts the plant's ability to produce ATP and NADPH, which are crucial for overall photosynthetic energy conversion and can trigger a deficiency in iron homeostasis pathways. While photosynthesis uses hydrogen ions produced from water splitting for the Calvin cycle, not to create a hydrogen gas deficiency, the overall process is sensitive to nutrient availability, and iron is essential for chloroplast function. In photosynthesis, water is split to provide electrons to replace those lost in Photosystem II, which is triggered by light absorption. These electrons then travel along a transport chain to generate ATP (energy currency) and NADPH (reducing power). Carbon Fixation: The generated ATP and NADPH are then used to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates in the Calvin cycle. Impaired water splitting (via water in or out) breaks the chain reaction of photosynthesis. This leads to an imbalance in ATP and NADPH levels, which disrupts the Calvin cycle and overall energy production in the plant. Plants require a sufficient supply of essential mineral elements like iron for photosynthesis. Iron is vital for chlorophyll formation and plays a crucial role in electron transport within the chloroplasts. The complex relationship between nutrient status and photosynthesis is evident when iron deficiency can be reverted by depleting other micronutrients like manganese. This highlights how nutrient homeostasis influences photosynthetic function. A lack of adequate energy and reducing power from photosynthesis, which is directly linked to water splitting, can trigger complex adaptive responses in the plant's iron uptake and distribution systems. Plants possess receptors called transceptors that can directly detect specific nutrient concentrations in the soil or within the plant's tissues. These receptors trigger signaling pathways, sometimes involving calcium influx or changes in protein complex activity, that then influence nutrient uptake by the roots. Plants use this information to make long-term adjustments, such as Increasing root biomass to explore more soil for nutrients. Modifying metabolic pathways to make better use of available resources. Adjusting the rate of nutrient transport into the roots. That's why I keep a high EC. Abundance resonates Abundance.

A few leaves looking bad on the first two plant from the pump failure last week and the back plant has slumped over! APART FRom that they are starting to get noticeably denser and crystally. STARTING TO TAPER down the e.c. Each week towards flush.

We finally started flowering this week, some plans changed and we did not clone this genetics, we are waiting to do a broader Pheno hunt and get the best specimen available.

Clones, week 2. Transplanted into 5 gallon self watering buckets

I'm a little late with update, I was very busy. In grow room it is all under control. the buds are filling up. Strech has stoped. There is 18 days since flower Smeel is pretty strong, i just need to set up carbon filter. Next update will be in a fev days. ✌️🤘💚💜

Dane, We all should help one another. Human beings are like that. We should live by each other’s happiness - not by each other’s misery. We don’t want to hate and despise one another, share the Joint. And mother earth is rich and can provide for everyone. We can Grow enough Happiness, In this paradise, there is room for everyone. We only exist to bring joy into the world and The way of life can be free and beautiful, but we have lost the way. Grow High and Give the world A smile. At the end we own nothing more then all our memories, lets make them amazing for everyone, nothing to lose only everything to win. A last kiss goodby, a second one, softer and long as a sign, that you are woth it. That Everyone worth, who loved and give. Enought Hippie Talk, now have a nice day and an even better grow, thx for watching by. ((From Seed 🌱 week report:

Week 3 💚 8th - 15th of February 2021

Ya comenzamos con la sexta semana y ya algunos días más 🤭🤠 Aplicamos big one en el primer día de paso a 12 y 12. 💡 Ahora hicimos la primera aplicación de Top Bloom que es la base de floración de #Topcrop 🌍🏞️ También realizamos podas de las ras bajas y de las hojas que hacen sombra a nuestras futuras flores 🍒🐷 toda la fe en nuestras #kriticalbilbo de @genehtik_seeds. Atento a sus comentarios, sugerencias y Lonquén quieran comentar.

Day 80, 2nd of December 2020: Hi there! Ladies are cool everything is alright. In one week buds strated doubeling and the developement is dope haha. The 2 Zamnesia ladies are pretty Gelato is so nice bushy and the smell is great as well. Kalini Asia will be a green pheno I think and she my be hermied a bit on me.... I am still waiting to see I see some strange develepement lets say. Sweet Seeds girls are dope unfortunately Red Mandarine and Tropicanns poison don't show any sign of colouting yet but it is okay even if they green phenos.... It may happen in the end of the flowering cycle let's see. Basically that's all I wanted to share. Oh yes... this one: All good the lamp is now on 11 hours and off 13 hours. Every week 15 minutes was taken off and after 4 weeks here we go. Strated 12/12 and now 13/11 wanted try to imitate the nature as the light days are getting shorter. Fertilization has changed no more epsom salt from this week and I will stop giving nitrogen as well from next week. Great job Sweet Seeds and Zamnesia! Nice genetics :) Lovely plants!

Cracked a few stems, twisting them 2, 3 points in the main stem and once on each lateral stem, very early monstercropping, cracked the stem without rupturing xylem or phloem channels, minimal recovery, maximum stress and response. There is a new need for significant reinforcement. I know this knuckle will eventually require the throughput of a superhighway. No point in dilly-dallying. Growth grinds to a halt, at least it feels like that. Energy is now distributed fairly evenly to each stem at equal heights and equal light intensity. Growth is not slower; there is just far, far more to do all at once in equal measure, start raising her soil EC up to 1.0mS/cm and maintaining. Upped to 40DLI for now. Temps back in the daytime 87+ range. NPK Raw Grow to keep the soil water solution at 1.0ms/cm, thereabouts. Enzymes and amino acids are applied foliarly to the underside of leaves each night 🌙. Aim to coat the undersides of the leaves where the majority of the stomata are located. Use a spray with smaller droplets to increase the surface area of the leaves that are covered. Adding a surfactant to the mix can help the spray spread better on the leaf surface, improving absorption. Just remember not to add anything immobile.. Heat denatures enzymes. "blah blah what's the point? It's hardly going to do much." Plants have a surprisingly low photosynthetic efficiency, typically converting only 1% to 2% of the total solar energy that hits them into chemical energy. (Too much defoliation and high VPD all night). In fully optimized conditions, that rises to 6%-8% efficiency. Plants may use approximately 25% of their respiratory energy (50% of total respiration) for enzyme turnover, which includes production and repair, but the exact energy cost for heat damage repair is not specific, as the total respiratory energy is not definitively given for plants. Plants generally have a high protein turnover rate, with enzymes making up a substantial portion of this turnover. 10% total ATP is photosynthetically processed. 90% total ATP is processed during cellular respiration. 25% -50% total respiratory energetic output is spent on enzyme turnover (Ballpark). Sounds like it's worthwhile to me. The longer you have waited, the harder you must swing.

Day 22 to 28 from seed # Day 24: - After flushing then going away for 3 days, FR1 is looking much better....I think. - Did some LST, bud sites are reaching out. Will continue throughout the week. - 3/4 of them are showing preflower pistils. Expect FR2 to show some soon too. - Still on last weeks schedule # Day 26: - The Nutrient Chart listed for this week starts on this day. I fed @ 310ppm using water phd @ 6.1 on all excluding FR1 (big girl) - Flushed FR1 again - I flushed the 5G pot with 10G of water @ 5.8ph . I should have flushed more water through it before I left, but alas... # Lights: 24,000 - 26,000 Lux

Como ven los tricomas ? Ya están listos para la cosecha? Las dejaré una semana más aproximadamente con riego solo agua

Germinated some seeds from a bag. Not sure if the grower just accidentally pollinated his flower room or if the plants will have hermy genetics /: Either way I've always wanted to grow and currently in a good situation to do so. Once the seeds popped I started doing a ton of research but the plants were moving quicker than I could possibly get up to speed so kinda winging it at this point. I have some good seeds on the way so treating these as "warm-ups" and will be experimenting with different types of training and hopefully just getting the basics under my belt. The largest plant (Big Mumma) popped her roots out the jiffy bag before the end of wk 1 so I pulled off the netting and transplanted her into a 5L fabric pot with Canna Coco mixed w/ 30% perlite. At this point I'm watering with rainwater and mixing with the recommended dose of Professors Go Green (guy at the hydro store recommended I use it as cal-mag). I do not have a way to measure the EC or PH as I'm waiting for my meters to arrive. The tent arrived by the end of the week and I got it setup and transplanted the rest of the girls.

FINALLY STARTING THE PHOTOPERIODS AND I HOPE MY TIMING IS GOOD FOR CHOPPING THE AUTOFLOWERS..........SEEDS PUT INTO THE SOIL ON JUNE 22ND. SORRY TO EVERYONE WHO TRIES TALKING TO ME....I STILL CANT TALK TO ANYONE BECAUSE I TRIED CHANGING MY EMAIL ON HERE AND IT MESSED EVERYTHING UP. I CANT LIKE ANYTHING OR COMMENT ON ANYTHING. THE WORST IS I CANT JOIN CONTESTS STRIVE NUTRIENTS IS THE BEST IVE EVER USED. A MUST TRY AND I BUY IT MYSELF. GOT A SAMPLE LAST YEAR AND ITS SO GOOD I BOUGHT MORE. ITS A 2 PART POWDER NUTRIENT THAT DISSOLVES IN MINUTES AND YOU MIX THE SAME STRENGTH OF THE 2 PART NUTRIENTS FROM WEEK 2 UNTIL THEY ARE FINISHED (BESIDES THE FLUSH), NO MORE BULLSHIT OF SWITCHING TO BLOOM FERTILIZER. THATS MY FAVORITE THING BESIDES THE RESULTS. CHECK EM OUT AND BELIEVE EVERYTHING YOU READ BECAUSE ITS NO BULLSHIT, AWESOME FRIENDLY AND HONEST PEOPLE

Start of week 10. I will plan for a harvest at the end of this week. I will watch the trichomes. I'm planning to flush for 3 days at a low ppm. A lower branch that broke under bud wait should be ready to sample Friday. Ok I sampled some half dry bud. The bud was from a thin lower branch which bent down and broke. The worst possible bud as it was far from the lights and not dry. I cut up the bud and put it in my Pax vape. Pre heating the vape a few times hoping to finish the drying process. The sample was surprisingly smooth with a nice head high and no mad munchies. The smell had a licorice/anise pine smell. This is a good energy strain that hits fast. Too early to comment on smell or taste without proper dry and cure. I will harvest plant in twoish days if all goes well with flush.

The veg. continues thru week 6 and the plants grow now very healthy and gain quickly in size and diameter. They love the environment in the HOMBEOX grow-tent and the light-intensity and spectrum of the SANlight LEDs. The two EVO4-120 fixtures are still dimmed to 60%, which is plenty of light for this stage of the growth. My 12 plants are supplied with a water/nutrient-solution from a 'FLEXITANK' 100 liter reservoir via the AUTOPOT-system 'Easy2Grow'. This system has two plants per watering tray and 12 plants fit tightly into the 120x120 cm HOMEBOX tent. I add a little BIO NOVA 'BN-Roots' and 'BN-Zym' to my water and correct it with ph-minus to a ph-value of 6,0. Now the plants can take up all nutrients in the soil they need and continue to grow well. 👍😎

Han estado creciendo 4 semanas (1Mes) con tan solo 260w full spectrum LED. Hoy las paso a floración y aumento hasta 611W añadiendo los COB.💪