My homework. Rubisco regeneration is intrinsically linked to nitrogen supply because Rubisco is a major sink for nitrogen in plants, typically accounting for 15% to over 25% of total leaf nitrogen. The regeneration phase itself consumes nitrogen through the synthesis of the Rubisco enzyme and associated proteins (like Rubisco activase), and overall nitrogen status heavily influences the efficiency of RuBP regeneration.Structural Component: Nitrogen is an essential building block for all proteins, and the sheer abundance of the Rubisco protein makes it the single largest storage of nitrogen in the leaf. Synthesis and Activity: Adequate nitrogen supply is crucial for the synthesis and maintenance of sufficient Rubisco enzyme and Rubisco activase (Rca), the regulatory protein responsible for maintaining Rubisco's active state. Nitrogen deficiency leads to a decrease in the content and activity of both Rubisco and Rca, which in turn limits the maximum carboxylation rate, Vmax, and the rate of RuBP regeneration Jmax, thus reducing overall photosynthetic capacity. Nitrogen Storage and Remobilization: Rubisco can act as a temporary nitrogen storage protein, which is degraded to remobilize nitrogen to other growing parts of the plant, especially under conditions of nitrogen deficiency or senescence. Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE): The allocation of nitrogen to Rubisco is a key determinant of a plant's photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE). In high-nitrogen conditions, plants may accumulate a surplus of Rubisco, which may not be fully activated, leading to a lower PNUE. Optimizing the amount and activity of Rubisco relative to nitrogen availability is a target for improving crop NUE. Photorespiration and Nitrogen Metabolism: Nitrogen metabolism is also linked to the photorespiration pathway (which competes with carboxylation at the Rubisco active site), particularly in the reassimilation of ammonia released during the process. To increase RuBisCO regeneration, which refers to the process of forming the CO2 acceptor molecule Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) during photosynthesis, the primary methods involve optimizing the levels and activity of Rubisco activase (Rca) and enhancing the performance of other Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle enzymes. Biochemical and Environmental Approaches: Optimize Rubisco Activase (Rca) activity: Rca is a crucial chaperone protein that removes inhibitory sugar phosphates, such as CA1P (2-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate), from the Rubisco active site, thus maintaining its catalytic competence. •Ensure optimal light conditions: Rca is light-activated via the chloroplast's redox status. Adequate light intensity ensures Rca can effectively maintain Rubisco in its active, carbamylated state. •Maintain optimal temperature: Rca is highly temperature-sensitive and can become unstable at moderately high temperatures (e.g., above 35°C/95F° in many C3 plants), which decreases its ability to activate Rubisco. Maintaining temperatures within the optimal range for a specific plant species is important. •Optimize Mg2+ concentration: Mg2+ is a key cofactor for both Rubisco carbamylation and Rca activity. In the light, Mg2+ concentration in the chloroplast stroma increases, promoting activation. •Manage ATP/ADP ratio: Rca activity depends on ATP hydrolysis and is inhibited by ADP. Conditions that maintain a high ATP/ADP ratio in the chloroplast stroma favor Rca activity. Enhance Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle enzyme activity: The overall rate of RuBP regeneration can be limited by other enzymes in the cycle. •Increase SBPase activity: Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) is a key regulatory enzyme in the regeneration pathway, and increasing its activity can enhance RuBP regeneration and overall photosynthesis. •Optimize other enzymes: Overexpression of other CBB cycle enzymes such as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) and triose phosphate isomerase (TPI) can also help to balance the metabolic flux and improve RuBP regeneration capacity. Magnesium ions, Mg2+, are specifically required for Rubisco activation because the cation plays a critical structural and chemical role in forming the active site: A specific lysine residue in the active site must be carbamylated by a CO2 molecule to activate the enzyme. The resulting negatively charged carbamyl group then facilitates the binding of the positively charged Mg2+ion. While other divalent metal ions like Mn2+ can bind to Rubisco, they alter the enzyme's substrate specificity and lead to dramatically lower activity or a higher rate of the non-productive oxygenation reaction compared to Mg2+, making them biologically unfavorable in the context of efficient carbon fixation. The concentration of Mg2+ in the chloroplast stroma naturally increases in the light due to ion potential balancing during ATP synthesis, providing a physiological mechanism to ensure the enzyme is activated when photosynthesis is possible. At the center of the porphyrin ring, nestled within its nitrogen atoms, is a Magnesium ion (Mg2+). This magnesium ion is crucial for the function of chlorophyll, and without it, the pigment cannot effectively capture and transfer light energy. Mg acts as a cofactor: Mg2+ binds to Rubisco after an activator CO2 molecule, forming a catalytically competent complex (Enzyme-CO2-Mg2+). High light + CO2) increases demand: Under high light (60 DLI is a very high intensity, potentially saturating) and high CO2, the plant's capacity for photosynthesis is high, and thus the demand for activated Rubisco and the necessary Mg2+ cofactor increases. Mg deficiency becomes limiting: If Mg2+ is deficient under these conditions, the higher levels of Rubisco and Rubisco activase produced cannot be fully activated, leading to lower photosynthetic rates and potential photo-oxidative damage. Optimal range: Studies show that adequate Mg2+ application can enhance Rubisco activation and stabilize net photosynthetic rates under stress conditions, but the required concentration is specific to the experimental setup. Monitoring is key: The most effective approach in a controlled environment is to monitor the plant's physiological responses e.g., leaf Mg2+ concentration, photosynthetic rate, Rubisco activation state, and adjust the nutrient solution/fertilizer to maintain adequate levels, rather than supplementing a fixed "extra" amount. In practice, this means ensuring that Mg2+ is not a limiting factor in the plant's standard nutrient solution when pushing the limits with high light and CO2. Applying Mg2+ through foliar spray is beneficial to Rubisco regeneration, particularly in alleviating the negative effects of magnesium (Mg) deficiency and high-temperature stress (HTS). While Mg can be leached from soil, within the plant it is considered a mobile nutrient, particularly in the phloem. Foliar-applied Mg is quickly absorbed by the leaves and can be translocate to other plant parts, including new growth and sink organs. Foliar application of: NATURES VERY OWN MgSO4 @ 15.0g L-1 in a spray bottle. Foliar sprays are often recommended as a rapid rescue measure for existing deficiencies or as a supplement during critical growth stages, when demand for Mg is high. Application in the early morning or late evening can improve absorption and prevent leaf burn. The starting point [of creativity] is curiosity: pondering why the default exists in the first place. We’re driven to question defaults when we experience vuja de, the opposite of déjà vu. Déjà vu occurs when we encounter something new, but it feels as if we’ve seen it before. Vuja de is the reverse—we face something familiar, but we see it with a fresh perspective that enables us to gain new insights into old problems.

They all started off on a good run nice and healthy I decided to go with a lot of different things to have a little fun and a couple bag seeds as well

2/10: I watered today with about 3/4 gallon each, plus cal-mag, signal, bembe, armor si, a little open sesame, and their final dose of endoboost. The short one is budding up nicely, but the taller one is still stretching. The short one looks to be considerably more indica than the other. 2/11: Wife home sick today....postponing construction project to raise the lights. 2/12: Today, I tackled the project to raise my ceiling another foot. In addition to that project, I installed and hooked up my new AC Infinity 6" intake fan. It's pulling in fresh air from the soffit vent on the eave of the attic, and currently feeding the garden with 46f fresh air. I'm able to easily maintain daytime temps in the lower 70f's now. I am able to drive the nighttime temps as low as I want. The only issue is that the outdoor RH varies quite a bit, so I ordered a 30-pint dehumidifier to put in the top of the closet. I sprayed everybody with boomboom spray to try and mitigate the light burn damage that is likely to ensue. 2/13: The taller one is still stretching a little bit, but the 2-footer is just budding up. 2/14: I fed them today with about 3/4 gallon each including grow big, big bloom, tiger bloom, cal-mag, signal, bembe, humic acid, and I switched over from Open Sesame to Beastie Bloomz. Raised the lights another couple of inches. I did some training on them and defo'd a little bit. 2/15: Installed the new dehumidifier and rigged the continuous drain on it...works great. 2/16: I rotated the edge plants and removed some old leaves. I added another 22w 3000k 4' bar light under the canopy. 2/17: I rearranged the garden and defoliated a little bit. That's it for week 8-

GENERAL COMMENT. WEEK 4 OF FLOWER. The week ran smooth, girls keep on growing well, my soil is becoming a bit compact, i usually use clay pellets mixed but this time i when straight with the soilless mixture, 50% Mosses and 50%p Perlite, with no organic correction so is inert, a pro is that you don’t see bugs such as gnats, till now. For the moment @B4RNS gave a nice idea on how to improve the aeration by using a knitting needle, to poke the soil, and that was easy to do, with minimal damage. Is a regular plastic pointy stick. Had putted up the lamp to around 40cm from the canopy. EC continues at 3.1, and added overdrive to the feed, lowered the B-52. Cal mag more diluted 1ml/l one time a week only. RQS NORTHERN LIGHTS AUTOMATIC COMMENT. As usual, the Pheno i have got is more sensible, have to do a second run to understand better the genetics or get a seed directly from RQS to make sure. Also with that since the beginning, spotting and ect, the girl si shooting many colas still and is crowded with bud spots, had removed some spotted leaves to be able to see if spotting is continuing. Light positioned up because this girl looked a bit stressed. As far as training i decided to super crop the top, to create a more even canopy, lst was not possible as the stem is hard as iron.

This is when I changed to spider farmer SE300. Wow this light is amazing the full spectrum light. The dimmable light adjustment is sweeet. It’s like opening a Christmas present 😂

De planten zijn naar hun nieuwe huis gegaan. Eerste week naar 12/12. De planten kregen wel wat root max schimmels en wat melasse en zeewiervoer. Enige info: ---------------------Jack Herer-------- --------- Jack Herer is de krachtigste wietplant die je uit zaad kunt kweken, dus zeker een van jouw favorieten! Onze wietzaden worden regelmatig getest en laten keer op keer zeer goede resultaten zien met ontkieming en stabiele groei van de planten. De plant bestaat voornamelijk uit sativa genetica. Deze wietzaden groeien uit tot prachtige wietplanten die zorgen voor een goede opbrengst aan dichte toppen met een hoog THC-gehalte. Dit is een soort die geschikt is voor zowel binnen- als buitenkweek. Het roken van deze wiet zorgt voor een krachtige high met een langdurig effect. Eigenschappen van Jack Herer wietzaden – Grote opbrengst met dichte toppen – Deze wietzaden zijn geschikt voor de binnen- en buitenkweek – Zeer bekende en populaire wietsoort – Dit is een soort met een hoog THC-gehalte – Geeft je een krachtige, langdurige blijvend effect Informatie Jack Herer wietzaden Bloeitijd: 9 weken Genetica: Jack Herer x Northern Light 70% sativa, 30% indica Planthoogte buiten: 100 tot 200 cm Oogstmaand buiten: van juni t/m oktober Opbrengst binnen: 550 gr/m² Opbrengst buiten: 200 – 800 gr / plant THC: 20% Link naar de shop: https://seedsgenetics.nl/product/jack-herer-gefeminiseerd/

15-01-2022: These pictures are made about 2 minutes after lights went on. So still hanging a bit. They look a bit hungry I think so I added some fresh water with Ata Awa Max A/B. Why? What's wrong with Hy-Pro? Nothing, I got lazy and this was literally within reach of my hands. Will see what happens. 19-01-2022: They seem to like the higher EC. Buds are swelling pretty fast now. Since the RH is pretty low I don't expect that to be a problem. Still about 3-4 weeks left so pretty curious about the results :)

Hi all 😁 Hope everyone keeping well and having a wonderful week! Thank you all for such amazing support on this bananas journey 💚💚💚 Will be updating this week journal daily so please remember to revisit to see full week content. So far this grow it's going great. Girls are stretching by hour. Great health, nice green colours, more and more squares taken on the netting, flowering nicely progressing, I'm very happy 😁 Planning to apply more selective defoliation, especially to Xena. No changes to nutes except few extra drops of calmag just in case and will try to fill the net entirely. Week 7 Nov 27- Dec 3 Nov 27 Selective defoliation applied on Xena. 8-10 mainly small fan leaves. She is still a bit shy to open as much as her sister. No rush my girl. You still doing great! Nov 28 First watering for this week. 7ltr beetwen them both with 4h spread. Runoffs. Xena 300ml PH 6.1 Athena 250ml PH 6.4 😁. So far the largest amount of my magic mixture consumed by my 🍌💜👊 girls. Well done👏 Nov 29-30 Leaves tucking and joyful observation🤓 Dec 1 Selective defoliation and first stage of lolipopping on both girls. Decided to go a bit heavier as tomorrow heading for trip and wont see my girls until Tuesday! They will be all alone without any supervision so hopefully they will behave and I will be nicely surprised of their development on my return. Watered with 2tr mixture and sprayed with water and fish mix solution right after defoliation. Planning to feed them tomorrow as much possible 6-7ltr before heading off to our voyage to Amsterdam 😎 do anyone know ls if any of coffeeshops have Fastbuds strains available? Would love to try 🍌💜👊🤤😋 Dec 2 Girls watered as above and both PH 6.4 on runoffs. Dec 3 Girls are unsupervised until December 5th. Thank you all for such amazing support on this journey 😊 love you all!!, 💚💚💚 Stay tuned for upcoming week update right after my return. Peace and love brothers and sisters ✌️💚

Water only this week. The dank is beginning to come out. The buds are sticky and getting louder by the day. I can't really say anything that the video doesn't. This is the point where the work we do at the beginning of the grow pays off in a bit of relaxation time for a few weeks before harvest. This is only week 5 of flower, so the girls have some time left. I'm starting to get excited now!

Pasaremos la tiger bomb al armário grande, cuando acabemos el seguimientos de Royal Queen Seeds! Entrenaremos el Scrog por primera vez.🤙🏻

Smell is starting to increase

📚🌱 Grow Course – Lollipopping & Light Management (MonsterMarker) 👹 When working on my MonsterMarker, I focus on the center of the plant 🌿. By carefully removing some of the big leaves in the middle ✂️🍃, the light can penetrate straight down to the bottom and through the canopy 🌞➡️🌱. This ensures that even the inner bud sites get proper light distribution and don’t get shaded out. Balanced light = stronger flowers and more consistent growth 🔥🌸. It’s all about finding the sweet spot: remove just enough for light, but keep enough leaves for energy reserves 💚. 👉 Stay tuned for more grow lessons & follow along for the results 🚀🌍.

Poda de bajos y defoliacion en dia 18 de floracion , entutorado y focos ya al 100%. Esperemos en esta semana ya tener todas la yemas bien formadas y sacar un buen frutoo.🔥🔥#aptus

This week was good, stopped feeding nutes, ro water only, the buds are so solid, nice and thick. Didn’t think this was going to be so big, the 16”x16” fits the growbed perfect, it the plant is a little cramped, a 24”x24” would be perfect, as the branches would be able to droop more and allow more light to some lower growth. However after this I’m using these tents to do smaller scrog plants, which are photos. And I’ll do the auto-flowers in a more open environment.

13/6: the light change worked incredibly well!! Switching from 75W(drawn 35W) to 1000W(drawn 120W) helped the flowers develop incredibly well in the past 7 days, now I can call them proper BUDS!!! Now, technically next week (Wednesday) is supposed to be harvest day from my original plan, but I worry that the 2-ish weeks that the plant stayed stunned may increase this period, I'll keep a close eye on the colour of the thrychomes, if they don't start turning amber this week I might push it another two. Now that humidity is correct and the flowers are growing, the plant started drinking WAY more, and now the usual 1L every two/three days just isn't enough, so I switched to 2L of PHd water at a 6.3/6.5 range every 48 hours, and I have a feeling that in the next week I may have to start water it every day as it keeps increasing its flowers. VERY excited for the next 14 days, can't believe its been almost a 4 months journey, I really want to see those buds fatten up :)

tbd

So everyday for the last week I've taken off at least 15-20 yellow leaves. Looked up some info on here and saw that it maybe a nitrogen deficiency. So I ordered raw nitrogen and mixed it with the food I give her. Hopefully this helps my baby. And I got a question why aren't the buds fattening? What can I do to help this