This week, I gave my plants more fertilizer to test if they show any signs of burning. Now, I'm stressed out! I think I should give myself some seaweed to relieve the stress 😂 The girls show signs of calcium deficiency. I sprayed a small amount of calcium and magnesium on them to help them recover faster. I’m not sure why the new leaves are very pale. Could they be lacking iron? I think the high soil moisture might be causing issues with iron absorption, but I’m not completely sure. I’ll wait and see what happens this week. Considering that I use regular water, I expected them not to have a calcium deficiency.

Yellow butterfly came to see me the other day; that was nice. Starting to show signs of stress on the odd leaf, localized isolated blips, blemishes, who said growing up was going to be easy! Smaller leaves have less surface area for stomata to occupy, so the stomata are packed more densely to maintain adequate gas exchange. Smaller leaves might have higher stomatal density to compensate for their smaller size, potentially maximizing carbon uptake and minimizing water loss. Environmental conditions like light intensity and water availability can influence stomatal density, and these factors can affect leaf size as well. Leaf development involves cell division and expansion, and stomatal differentiation is sensitive to these processes. In essence, the smaller leaf size can lead to a higher stomatal density due to the constraints of available space and the need to optimize gas exchange for photosynthesis and transpiration. In the long term, UV-B radiation can lead to more complex changes in stomatal morphology, including effects on both stomatal density and size, potentially impacting carbon sequestration and water use. In essence, UV-B can be a double-edged sword for stomata: It can induce stomatal closure and potentially reduce stomatal size, but it may also trigger an increase in stomatal density as a compensatory mechanism. It is generally more efficient for gas exchange to have smaller leaves with a higher stomatal density, rather than large leaves with lower stomatal density. This is because smaller stomata can facilitate faster gas exchange due to shorter diffusion pathways, even though they may have the same total pore area as fewer, larger stomata. Leaf size tends to decrease in colder climates to reduce heat loss, while larger leaves are more common in warmer, humid environments. Plants in arid regions often develop smaller leaves with a thicker cuticle and/or hairs to minimize water loss through transpiration. Conversely, plants in wet environments may have larger leaves and drip tips to facilitate water runoff. Leaf size and shape can vary based on light availability. For example, leaves in shaded areas may be larger and thinner to maximize light absorption. Leaf mass per area (LMA) can be higher in stressful environments with limited nutrients, indicating a greater investment in structural components for protection and critical resource conservation. Wind speed, humidity, and soil conditions can also influence leaf morphology, leading to variations in leaf shape, size, and surface characteristics. Small leaves: Reduce water loss in arid or cold climates. Environmental conditions significantly affect gene expression in plants. Plants are sessile organisms, meaning they cannot move to escape unfavorable conditions, so they rely on gene expression to adapt to their surroundings. Environmental factors like light, temperature, water, and nutrient availability can trigger changes in gene expression, allowing plants to respond to and survive in diverse environments. Depending on the environment a young seedling encounters, the developmental program following seed germination could be skotomorphogenesis in the dark or photomorphogenesis in the light. Light signals are interpreted by a repertoire of photoreceptors followed by sophisticated gene expression networks, eventually resulting in developmental changes. The expression and functions of photoreceptors and key signaling molecules are highly coordinated and regulated at multiple levels of the central dogma in molecular biology. Light activates gene expression through the actions of positive transcriptional regulators and the relaxation of chromatin by histone acetylation. Small regulatory RNAs help attenuate the expression of light-responsive genes. Alternative splicing, protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, the formation of diverse transcriptional complexes, and selective protein degradation all contribute to proteome diversity and change the functions of individual proteins. Photomorphogenesis, the light-driven developmental changes in plants, significantly impacts gene expression. It involves a cascade of events where light signals, perceived by photoreceptors, trigger changes in gene expression patterns, ultimately leading to the development of a plant in response to its light environment. Genes are expressed, not dictated! While having the potential to encode proteins, genes are not automatically and constantly active. Instead, their expression (the process of turning them into proteins) is carefully regulated by the cell, responding to internal and external signals. This means that genes can be "turned on" or "turned off," and the level of expression can be adjusted, depending on the cell's needs and the surrounding environment. In plants, genes are not simply "on" or "off" but rather their expression is carefully regulated based on various factors, including the cell type, developmental stage, and environmental conditions. This means that while all cells in a plant contain the same genetic information (the same genes), different cells will express different subsets of those genes at different times. This regulation is crucial for the proper functioning and development of the plant. When a green plant is exposed to red light, much of the red light is absorbed, but some is also reflected back. The reflected red light, along with any blue light reflected from other parts of the plant, can be perceived by our eyes as purple. Carotenoids absorb light in blue-green region of the visible spectrum, complementing chlorophyll's absorption in the red region. They safeguard the photosynthetic machinery from excessive light by activating singlet oxygen, an oxidant formed during photosynthesis. Carotenoids also quench triplet chlorophyll, which can negatively affect photosynthesis, and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage cellular proteins. Additionally, carotenoid derivatives signal plant development and responses to environmental cues. They serve as precursors for the biosynthesis of phytohormones such as abscisic acid () and strigolactones (SLs). These pigments are responsible for the orange, red, and yellow hues of fruits and vegetables, while acting as free scavengers to protect plants during photosynthesis. Singlet oxygen (¹O₂) is an electronically excited state of molecular oxygen (O₂). Singlet oxygen is produced as a byproduct during photosynthesis, primarily within the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center and light-harvesting antenna complex. This occurs when excess energy from excited chlorophyll molecules is transferred to molecular oxygen. While singlet oxygen can cause oxidative damage, plants have mechanisms to manage its production and mitigate its harmful effects. Singlet oxygen (¹O₂) is considered a reactive oxygen species (ROS). It's a form of oxygen with higher energy and reactivity compared to the more common triplet oxygen found in its ground state. Singlet oxygen is generated both in biological systems, such as during photosynthesis in plants, and in cellular processes, and through chemical and photochemical reactions. While singlet oxygen is a ROS, it's important to note that it differs from other ROS like superoxide (O₂⁻), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and hydroxyl radicals (OH) in its formation, reactivity, and specific biological roles. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) protects plants from damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) by dissipating excess light energy as heat. This process reduces the overexcitation of photosynthetic pigments, which can lead to the production of ROS, thus mitigating the potential for photodamage. Zeaxanthin, a carotenoid pigment, plays a crucial role in photoprotection in plants by both enhancing non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). In high-light conditions, zeaxanthin is synthesized from violaxanthin through the xanthophyll cycle, and this zeaxanthin then facilitates heat dissipation of excess light energy (NPQ) and quenches harmful ROS. The Issue of Singlet Oxygen!! ROS Formation: Blue light, with its higher energy photons, can promote the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen, within the plant. Potential Damage: High levels of ROS can damage cellular components, including proteins, lipids, and DNA, potentially impacting plant health and productivity. Balancing Act: A balanced spectrum of light, including both blue and red light, is crucial for mitigating the harmful effects of excessive blue light and promoting optimal plant growth and stress tolerance. The Importance of Red Light: Red light (especially far-red) can help to mitigate the negative effects of excessive blue light by: Balancing the Photoreceptor Response: Red light can influence the activity of photoreceptors like phytochrome, which are involved in regulating plant responses to different light wavelengths. Enhancing Antioxidant Production: Red and blue light can stimulate the production of antioxidants, which help to neutralize ROS and protect the plant from oxidative damage. Optimizing Photosynthesis: Red light is efficiently used in photosynthesis, and its combination with blue light can lead to increased photosynthetic efficiency and biomass production. In controlled environments like greenhouses and vertical farms, optimizing the ratio of blue and red light is a key strategy for promoting healthy plant growth and yield. Understanding the interplay between blue light signaling, ROS production, and antioxidant defense mechanisms can inform breeding programs and biotechnological interventions aimed at improving plant stress resistance. In summary, while blue light is essential for plant development and photosynthesis, it's crucial to balance it with other light wavelengths, particularly red light, to prevent excessive ROS formation and promote overall plant health. Oxidative damage in plants occurs when there's an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the plant's ability to neutralize them, leading to cellular damage. This imbalance, known as oxidative stress, can result from various environmental stressors, affecting plant growth, development, and overall productivity. Causes of Oxidative Damage: Abiotic stresses: These include extreme temperatures (heat and cold), drought, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, and excessive light. Biotic stresses: Pathogen attacks and insect infestations can also trigger oxidative stress. Metabolic processes: Normal cellular activities, particularly in chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes, can generate ROS as byproducts. Certain chlorophyll biosynthesis intermediates can produce singlet oxygen (1O2), a potent ROS, leading to oxidative damage. ROS can damage lipids (lipid peroxidation), proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids (DNA). Oxidative stress can compromise the integrity of cell membranes, affecting their function and permeability. Oxidative damage can interfere with essential cellular functions, including photosynthesis, respiration, and signal transduction. In severe cases, oxidative stress can trigger programmed cell death (apoptosis). Oxidative damage can lead to stunted growth, reduced biomass, and lower crop yields. Plants have evolved intricate antioxidant defense systems to counteract oxidative stress. These include: Enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and various peroxidases scavenge ROS and neutralize their damaging effects. Antioxidant molecules like glutathione, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), C60 fullerene, and carotenoids directly neutralize ROS. Developing plant varieties with gene expression focused on enhanced antioxidant capacity and stress tolerance is crucial. Optimizing irrigation, fertilization, and other management practices can help minimize stress and oxidative damage. Applying antioxidant compounds or elicitors can help plants cope with oxidative stress. Introducing genes for enhanced antioxidant enzymes or stress-related proteins over generations. Phytohormones, also known as plant hormones, are a group of naturally occurring organic compounds that regulate plant growth, development, and various physiological processes. The five major classes of phytohormones are: auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, and abscisic acid. In addition to these, other phytohormones like brassinosteroids, jasmonates, and salicylates also play significant roles. Here's a breakdown of the key phytohormones: Auxins: Primarily involved in cell elongation, root initiation, and apical dominance. Gibberellins: Promote stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering. Cytokinins: Stimulate cell division and differentiation, and delay leaf senescence. Ethylene: Regulates fruit ripening, leaf abscission, and senescence. Abscisic acid (ABA): Plays a role in seed dormancy, stomatal closure, and stress responses. Brassinosteroids: Involved in cell elongation, division, and stress responses. Jasmonates: Regulate plant defense against pathogens and herbivores, as well as other processes. Salicylic acid: Plays a role in plant defense against pathogens. 1. Red and Far-Red Light (Phytochromes): Red light: Primarily activates the phytochrome system, converting it to its active form (Pfr), which promotes processes like stem elongation and flowering. Far-red light: Inhibits the phytochrome system by converting the active Pfr form back to the inactive Pr form. This can trigger shade avoidance responses and inhibit germination. Phytohormones: Red and far-red light regulate phytohormones like auxin and gibberellins, which are involved in stem elongation and other growth processes. 2. Blue Light (Cryptochromes and Phototropins): Blue light: Activates cryptochromes and phototropins, which are involved in various processes like stomatal opening, seedling de-etiolation, and phototropism (growth towards light). Phytohormones: Blue light affects auxin levels, influencing stem growth, and also impacts other phytohormones involved in these processes. Example: Blue light can promote vegetative growth and can interact with red light to promote flowering. 3. UV-B Light (UV-B Receptors): UV-B light: Perceived by UVR8 receptors, it can affect plant growth and development and has roles in stress responses, like UV protection. Phytohormones: UV-B light can influence phytohormones involved in stress responses, potentially affecting growth and development. 4. Other Colors: Green light: Plants are generally less sensitive to green light, as chlorophyll reflects it. Other wavelengths: While less studied, other wavelengths can also influence plant growth and development through interactions with different photoreceptors and phytohormones. Key Points: Cross-Signaling: Plants often experience a mix of light wavelengths, leading to complex interactions between different photoreceptors and phytohormones. Species Variability: The precise effects of light color on phytohormones can vary between different plant species. Hormonal Interactions: Phytohormones don't act in isolation; their interactions and interplay with other phytohormones and environmental signals are critical for plant responses. The spectral ratio of light (the composition of different colors of light) significantly influences a plant's hormonal balance. Different wavelengths of light are perceived by specific photoreceptors in plants, which in turn regulate the production and activity of various plant hormones (phytohormones). These hormones then control a wide range of developmental processes.

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She grew fast in this stage! Didn't really smell . I tied down the lower branches to the 5 gallon pot. Also, added the AC Infinity humidifier. Added a half serving of CAL-MAG to a half gallon of water and poured water in soil. Normally i never water it due to the olla cup system keeping the plant perfectly watered below soil

Start week 8 , Bio Bloom 4 ml/L + Sensi Cal-Mag Xtra 2 ml/L + CarboLoad 2 ml/L + Top Max 4 ml/L (Ph 6.7).

Plants are currently drying 2+ months later. And next project au79

13.06. Cherry Poppers 1# Day 49# Cherry Poppers 2# Day 46# The plants are making good progress, the deuce has overtaken the ace, the game has reversed. 5 nights ago there was a strong storm, the morning after the storm when I came to the site, I found some plants crooked, some normal, but there were no broken ones, thank God, but they were very stressed and what you can see in the pictures appeared on the leaves, some leaves were crispy at the edges, but still green, mostly shoots before the newest ones. I haven't had this problem before, I researched a bit on the internet and came to the conclusion that the wind burned them, and I also turned to GW for an opinion, two characters confirmed my opinion. Two days later I noticed that the matter was getting worse and that it was spreading, which worried me, so I contacted GW again for an opinion. Some told me that it was mold, some that it was an infection, disease and so on, mostly guesswork, but no one specifically told me what was certain, so I decided on nim oil, and whatever it is, I guess the problem should be solved. According to some leaves, I would say that insects might be the problem, but I really don't know, I haven't had similar problems before. I regulate the ph of the plants, I still don't feed them, there is food in the ground for another week, except for the fact that I added cal-mag after that storm when I watered them. I want to say that the plants are certainly not locked, and the heat is not yet so high that this would happen from the same, the more the temperatures have dropped and now it is perfect. Since transplanting, I have watered the plants only 2 times. Yesterday morning they were topped for the second time, only the main branches, I will do the next topping of the side branches. Last night I sprayed the plants with neem oil and already today the problem seems to be going away, if I tripped at least it doesn't spread further, that's for sure. I didn't mix the oil very well, I didn't add any soap or anything like that because I wouldn't really spray the plants with any chemicals, and on some of the leaves on one or two plants there is that thick, brownish liquid, so I hope it won't hurt them, I noticed that today during the day, I couldn't see it at night. I still don't know what the problem is, but my guess is still that the wind burned them or some insects. Speaking of insects, I think I noticed thrips on one plant on the underside of the leaf, so in addition to the neem oil I already gave, I also ordered SMC, so I will spray that at least once a week while they are still young. Happy Growing and Stay High!!!

Was another easy week - lots of healthy growth. Simply watered when dry, did some daily LST and leaf tucking. The green crack is definitely the fastest growing out of all the plants, and the one runt LSD25 is a bit smaller but still chugging along.

3/4 Day 16 Flower Changing PK to KoolBloom as the Peak has run out. Will work up the CT nuets to @10ml/gal or so as the burnt tips have proven kind of a red herring. Loving the dual light sources, makes things so much easier. 3/5 Day 17 Nuets to 925ppm unadjusted added Fish Sh!T and the terps just explode 😄 Last defoliation of loofy branches New pics 3/6 Day 18 Pics last of the week most likely Nice little present the girls gave me in the pics 😍 Little touch up today, last of the grow Nuets as is for the week She is doing well see what the next weeks bring 3/9 Day 21 Flower - Halfway home New Video and nuets

Week 2, Day 10: all 5 seedlings has emerged from the coco that I've prepared.Most of them are between 6-9cm tall and 4 true leaves has appeared. Been feeding my self made nutrients equivalent to the GH main 3 Floral Series. The coco that I have bought is from a 5.5kg block which i buffered with Calmag solution of 150% strength and left overnight for 8+ hours. The girls seems healthy and happy at the moment however I have read some reviews that these 2 strains BCN Critical XXL & Big Bud XXL are not hard to care for and mostly forgiving on the nutes. I always ensure that my PH levels are within par of 5.5-6.5 & the recommended PPM according to the feeding schedule of GH label instruction which is between 300-400 ppm. The other 3 plants are Landrace Sativas which I grew earlier and 2 has been given LST (Low Stress Training) back 5 days ago and I noticed that the smaller leaves are thriving into bigger fan leaves and thicker branches! I overdid the 1st plant which seem to be slightly overbent including the main stem which quickly recovered and healed overtime. these plants are really amazing to watch them grow. I will be transplanting the 5 autoflowers into a 5 gallon pot in another day or 2,until then happy growing! 😸

I look forward to trying this strain. She’s a great yielder and looks beautiful. She smells great (fruity and grapey) and is absolutely covered with trichomes. I couldn’t ask for more!

As I’m growing autos and female regulars in the same tent I’ve had to limit the amount of light the autos are getting to 12 hours a day in order to flower the lemon haze and gelato 41. This shouldn’t have too drastic effect on the Zkittles but we’ll see how they take to it. After the first week of flower receiving 12 hours of light and we can see that they’ve all opened up during the pre-flower stage ready to flower.

Se comienza este seguimiento a cepas de bancos muy reconocidos como Dutch passion y FastBuds.

Good day, everyone!!! My Phoenix still in VEG. Looks great, I made Main-lining this time, the plant looks like octopus :) I use Grow Powder Green House Feeding + Hybrid powder. ( one by one). It is enough for now. The Phoenix looks more sativa dominant, already about 35cm . Two times a week I add extra CalMag . Please check the pictures and this week short video.

This week I will be introducing Fish Sh!t into my watering throughout the rest of the cycle along with Grow With Grease. 02/28 received a cup of nutes to hopefully help them bounce back from the couple of days of being under watered and any type of stress from the change of light setup on 02/25

Getting down to the final week, will cut in a week if all looks right.

Day 100+ Flushing process is Now activated since a week with Athena fade and calmag pro

Week 16 (Harvest) 1-2 Drying day 1 Temperature: 24.5 to 19.5 degrees Humidity: 65% to 50% The girls are ready to be harvested! Before chopping them down, i took a lot of pictures. I was able to remove most of the soil from the Biscotti #2 to see the rootball. I hang the plants as a whole to have a slow dry. The exhaust fan is on setting 4. 2-2 Drying day 2 Temperature: 19.1 to 17.5 degrees Humidity: 62% to 57% I changed the exhaust fan to setting 2 because setting 4 was a bit high in my opinion. 3-2 Drying day 3 Temperature: 19.9 to 18 degrees Humidity: 62% to 59% Today i checked up on the drying plants, and i see there are some buds touching other buds, so i chopped the plants in half. The buds are still to the main stem for a slow dry, but are hanging more spreaded out to prevent any budrot issues. I changed the exhaust fan to setting 1, as someone told me that it was enough air movement for drying. 4-2 Drying day 4 Temperature: 19.8 to 18.5 degrees Humidity: 62% to 59% 5-2 Drying day 5 Temperature: 19.9 to 18.8 degrees Humidity: 62% to 59% Today i checked on the drying plants and the buds are shrinking a bit, they are getting a little bit crispy on the outside aswell, I hope they wont dry as fast, and i aim for a 12/14 day dry. For the next grow i already germinated 2x Chemdog (GreenHouseSeeds) 2x Gorilla Kush (GanjaFarmerSeeds) and 1x Deep Candy CBD (GreenHouseSeeds) And I have some upgrades planned aswell! I bought a autopot kit with 4 15L pots, this way the plants will have water and air 24/7 whenever they need it. I have seen alot of great results using autopots so i am very exited to try it out! And I bought a small camera so i can shoot some weekly timelapses! Feel free to Follow me if you like to get notified for the upcoming diaries! Thanks for checking out this diary, peace! (More harvest updates coming in the next couple of days!) Huge thank you to Zamnesia for the seeds, and Plagron for the collection of nutrients, and the opportunity to participate in the POWERBUDS contest! It was a fun and learningful adventure!

The beautiful plant brings a smile to my face I built up the nutrients to 1250 ppm ... (including 200 ppm tap water). The plant is living under a CMH lamp now. Let's see how "XXL" it will get

She has performed very good with the lst method, nice plant, fast growth, quality flowers, it's a very good choice for everyone who's looking for a good quality strain at affordable prices. Very nice genetic, this phenotype concretely has a very sweet and floral terps. You can check the other 2 phenos of ak420 here at my page