painted the senecas for sure, culled the male. both turkish are pretty well seeded out, i’m thinking maybe 20-30 seeds each, 15 fully formed and good. the senecas look lightly pollinated, maybe 15-20, 10 fully formed and good. still will be usable beans. next run after this will be good, hopefully stable genetics. gonna try for a turkish male and focus on the turkish x afghan cross, while saving the seneca x turkish for later.

The plant is beautiful but she will give a poor harvest, smell is citrus and pungent like the GG4 usually is with gassy notes 🔥 I look forward to smoke it and hope one day to have the Exotic Genetics seeds to grow 💚

It's getting cold don't know how good she will hold up

Welcome to My Pro~Mix Open Top Grow Bag diary. The end is near my friends😎 3-4 days at the most. Feeding: Sun 03Dec:3L water flawless pH'd 6.5 Wed06Dec:3L water flawless pH'd 6.4 Thanks for stopping by, likes and comments are duly appreciated 👊🏻😎 Keep on growin! Keep on tokin!!! 😙💨💨💨💨💨

It was a good week

They are small plants compared to HighCloudZ in these 1-gallon pots. They have established heights of 52cm and 67cm. But the flower development is faster, as the higher percentage of indicas shows. They are already gaining weight and producing good resin, at just 50 days old. Next week, a larger application of ferts, in this organic living soil. The union of two great worlds. The smell is reminiscent of apple, very sour.

Hello m8 welcome to this journey with me in this diary will have very interesting strains hope u find something useful O.G. Kush Titanium - [ ] 1st week Veg: germinated in substrate lighting very close so it jets medium high humidity after the 3rd day they started sprouting - [ ] 2nd week Veg: this week my ventilator broke down and as the temperature stayed very warm nothing developed much - [ ] 3rd week Veg:fortunately this week i had fixed the ventilation and the temperature has go down a bit allowing the little plants to develop and reinforce - [ ] 4th week:very good developments in this week I already started feeding a bit two times but i didn’t have to…once was enough - [ ] 5th week Veg:this week they were very strong green i only had to water them good and keep the ventilators going no stop .They have good hight already ,but as i have to strains together. I want to transplant them when the hight of the other one have stretched… I’m thinking to transplant next week if not the next one - [ ] 6th week Veg: this week it went great fortunatly i dont have pests that eat my buds i’ve givven a fed once the substrate is very rich already the plants streached very well i will transplant today so be ready m8 i cant wait to show you the progress - [ ] 1st week Fl:they started stretching and looking very healthy just transplanted - [ ] 2nd week Fl this week I’ve been away i had a friend taking care of them they stretching very well i hope that she starts putting energy into the flo - [ ] 3rd week Fl:they are streaching very well ..getting the light very well - [ ] 4th week Fl: - [ ] 5th week Fl - [ ] 6th week Fl - [ ] 7th week Fl

Yellow butterfly came to see me the other day; that was nice. Starting to show signs of stress on the odd leaf, localized isolated blips, blemishes, who said growing up was going to be easy! Smaller leaves have less surface area for stomata to occupy, so the stomata are packed more densely to maintain adequate gas exchange. Smaller leaves might have higher stomatal density to compensate for their smaller size, potentially maximizing carbon uptake and minimizing water loss. Environmental conditions like light intensity and water availability can influence stomatal density, and these factors can affect leaf size as well. Leaf development involves cell division and expansion, and stomatal differentiation is sensitive to these processes. In essence, the smaller leaf size can lead to a higher stomatal density due to the constraints of available space and the need to optimize gas exchange for photosynthesis and transpiration. In the long term, UV-B radiation can lead to more complex changes in stomatal morphology, including effects on both stomatal density and size, potentially impacting carbon sequestration and water use. In essence, UV-B can be a double-edged sword for stomata: It can induce stomatal closure and potentially reduce stomatal size, but it may also trigger an increase in stomatal density as a compensatory mechanism. It is generally more efficient for gas exchange to have smaller leaves with a higher stomatal density, rather than large leaves with lower stomatal density. This is because smaller stomata can facilitate faster gas exchange due to shorter diffusion pathways, even though they may have the same total pore area as fewer, larger stomata. Leaf size tends to decrease in colder climates to reduce heat loss, while larger leaves are more common in warmer, humid environments. Plants in arid regions often develop smaller leaves with a thicker cuticle and/or hairs to minimize water loss through transpiration. Conversely, plants in wet environments may have larger leaves and drip tips to facilitate water runoff. Leaf size and shape can vary based on light availability. For example, leaves in shaded areas may be larger and thinner to maximize light absorption. Leaf mass per area (LMA) can be higher in stressful environments with limited nutrients, indicating a greater investment in structural components for protection and critical resource conservation. Wind speed, humidity, and soil conditions can also influence leaf morphology, leading to variations in leaf shape, size, and surface characteristics. Small leaves: Reduce water loss in arid or cold climates. Environmental conditions significantly affect gene expression in plants. Plants are sessile organisms, meaning they cannot move to escape unfavorable conditions, so they rely on gene expression to adapt to their surroundings. Environmental factors like light, temperature, water, and nutrient availability can trigger changes in gene expression, allowing plants to respond to and survive in diverse environments. Depending on the environment a young seedling encounters, the developmental program following seed germination could be skotomorphogenesis in the dark or photomorphogenesis in the light. Light signals are interpreted by a repertoire of photoreceptors followed by sophisticated gene expression networks, eventually resulting in developmental changes. The expression and functions of photoreceptors and key signaling molecules are highly coordinated and regulated at multiple levels of the central dogma in molecular biology. Light activates gene expression through the actions of positive transcriptional regulators and the relaxation of chromatin by histone acetylation. Small regulatory RNAs help attenuate the expression of light-responsive genes. Alternative splicing, protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, the formation of diverse transcriptional complexes, and selective protein degradation all contribute to proteome diversity and change the functions of individual proteins. Photomorphogenesis, the light-driven developmental changes in plants, significantly impacts gene expression. It involves a cascade of events where light signals, perceived by photoreceptors, trigger changes in gene expression patterns, ultimately leading to the development of a plant in response to its light environment. Genes are expressed, not dictated! While having the potential to encode proteins, genes are not automatically and constantly active. Instead, their expression (the process of turning them into proteins) is carefully regulated by the cell, responding to internal and external signals. This means that genes can be "turned on" or "turned off," and the level of expression can be adjusted, depending on the cell's needs and the surrounding environment. In plants, genes are not simply "on" or "off" but rather their expression is carefully regulated based on various factors, including the cell type, developmental stage, and environmental conditions. This means that while all cells in a plant contain the same genetic information (the same genes), different cells will express different subsets of those genes at different times. This regulation is crucial for the proper functioning and development of the plant. When a green plant is exposed to red light, much of the red light is absorbed, but some is also reflected back. The reflected red light, along with any blue light reflected from other parts of the plant, can be perceived by our eyes as purple. Carotenoids absorb light in blue-green region of the visible spectrum, complementing chlorophyll's absorption in the red region. They safeguard the photosynthetic machinery from excessive light by activating singlet oxygen, an oxidant formed during photosynthesis. Carotenoids also quench triplet chlorophyll, which can negatively affect photosynthesis, and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage cellular proteins. Additionally, carotenoid derivatives signal plant development and responses to environmental cues. They serve as precursors for the biosynthesis of phytohormones such as abscisic acid () and strigolactones (SLs). These pigments are responsible for the orange, red, and yellow hues of fruits and vegetables, while acting as free scavengers to protect plants during photosynthesis. Singlet oxygen (¹O₂) is an electronically excited state of molecular oxygen (O₂). Singlet oxygen is produced as a byproduct during photosynthesis, primarily within the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center and light-harvesting antenna complex. This occurs when excess energy from excited chlorophyll molecules is transferred to molecular oxygen. While singlet oxygen can cause oxidative damage, plants have mechanisms to manage its production and mitigate its harmful effects. Singlet oxygen (¹O₂) is considered a reactive oxygen species (ROS). It's a form of oxygen with higher energy and reactivity compared to the more common triplet oxygen found in its ground state. Singlet oxygen is generated both in biological systems, such as during photosynthesis in plants, and in cellular processes, and through chemical and photochemical reactions. While singlet oxygen is a ROS, it's important to note that it differs from other ROS like superoxide (O₂⁻), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and hydroxyl radicals (OH) in its formation, reactivity, and specific biological roles. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) protects plants from damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) by dissipating excess light energy as heat. This process reduces the overexcitation of photosynthetic pigments, which can lead to the production of ROS, thus mitigating the potential for photodamage. Zeaxanthin, a carotenoid pigment, plays a crucial role in photoprotection in plants by both enhancing non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). In high-light conditions, zeaxanthin is synthesized from violaxanthin through the xanthophyll cycle, and this zeaxanthin then facilitates heat dissipation of excess light energy (NPQ) and quenches harmful ROS. The Issue of Singlet Oxygen!! ROS Formation: Blue light, with its higher energy photons, can promote the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen, within the plant. Potential Damage: High levels of ROS can damage cellular components, including proteins, lipids, and DNA, potentially impacting plant health and productivity. Balancing Act: A balanced spectrum of light, including both blue and red light, is crucial for mitigating the harmful effects of excessive blue light and promoting optimal plant growth and stress tolerance. The Importance of Red Light: Red light (especially far-red) can help to mitigate the negative effects of excessive blue light by: Balancing the Photoreceptor Response: Red light can influence the activity of photoreceptors like phytochrome, which are involved in regulating plant responses to different light wavelengths. Enhancing Antioxidant Production: Red and blue light can stimulate the production of antioxidants, which help to neutralize ROS and protect the plant from oxidative damage. Optimizing Photosynthesis: Red light is efficiently used in photosynthesis, and its combination with blue light can lead to increased photosynthetic efficiency and biomass production. In controlled environments like greenhouses and vertical farms, optimizing the ratio of blue and red light is a key strategy for promoting healthy plant growth and yield. Understanding the interplay between blue light signaling, ROS production, and antioxidant defense mechanisms can inform breeding programs and biotechnological interventions aimed at improving plant stress resistance. In summary, while blue light is essential for plant development and photosynthesis, it's crucial to balance it with other light wavelengths, particularly red light, to prevent excessive ROS formation and promote overall plant health. Oxidative damage in plants occurs when there's an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the plant's ability to neutralize them, leading to cellular damage. This imbalance, known as oxidative stress, can result from various environmental stressors, affecting plant growth, development, and overall productivity. Causes of Oxidative Damage: Abiotic stresses: These include extreme temperatures (heat and cold), drought, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, and excessive light. Biotic stresses: Pathogen attacks and insect infestations can also trigger oxidative stress. Metabolic processes: Normal cellular activities, particularly in chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes, can generate ROS as byproducts. Certain chlorophyll biosynthesis intermediates can produce singlet oxygen (1O2), a potent ROS, leading to oxidative damage. ROS can damage lipids (lipid peroxidation), proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids (DNA). Oxidative stress can compromise the integrity of cell membranes, affecting their function and permeability. Oxidative damage can interfere with essential cellular functions, including photosynthesis, respiration, and signal transduction. In severe cases, oxidative stress can trigger programmed cell death (apoptosis). Oxidative damage can lead to stunted growth, reduced biomass, and lower crop yields. Plants have evolved intricate antioxidant defense systems to counteract oxidative stress. These include: Enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and various peroxidases scavenge ROS and neutralize their damaging effects. Antioxidant molecules like glutathione, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), C60 fullerene, and carotenoids directly neutralize ROS. Developing plant varieties with gene expression focused on enhanced antioxidant capacity and stress tolerance is crucial. Optimizing irrigation, fertilization, and other management practices can help minimize stress and oxidative damage. Applying antioxidant compounds or elicitors can help plants cope with oxidative stress. Introducing genes for enhanced antioxidant enzymes or stress-related proteins over generations. Phytohormones, also known as plant hormones, are a group of naturally occurring organic compounds that regulate plant growth, development, and various physiological processes. The five major classes of phytohormones are: auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, and abscisic acid. In addition to these, other phytohormones like brassinosteroids, jasmonates, and salicylates also play significant roles. Here's a breakdown of the key phytohormones: Auxins: Primarily involved in cell elongation, root initiation, and apical dominance. Gibberellins: Promote stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering. Cytokinins: Stimulate cell division and differentiation, and delay leaf senescence. Ethylene: Regulates fruit ripening, leaf abscission, and senescence. Abscisic acid (ABA): Plays a role in seed dormancy, stomatal closure, and stress responses. Brassinosteroids: Involved in cell elongation, division, and stress responses. Jasmonates: Regulate plant defense against pathogens and herbivores, as well as other processes. Salicylic acid: Plays a role in plant defense against pathogens. 1. Red and Far-Red Light (Phytochromes): Red light: Primarily activates the phytochrome system, converting it to its active form (Pfr), which promotes processes like stem elongation and flowering. Far-red light: Inhibits the phytochrome system by converting the active Pfr form back to the inactive Pr form. This can trigger shade avoidance responses and inhibit germination. Phytohormones: Red and far-red light regulate phytohormones like auxin and gibberellins, which are involved in stem elongation and other growth processes. 2. Blue Light (Cryptochromes and Phototropins): Blue light: Activates cryptochromes and phototropins, which are involved in various processes like stomatal opening, seedling de-etiolation, and phototropism (growth towards light). Phytohormones: Blue light affects auxin levels, influencing stem growth, and also impacts other phytohormones involved in these processes. Example: Blue light can promote vegetative growth and can interact with red light to promote flowering. 3. UV-B Light (UV-B Receptors): UV-B light: Perceived by UVR8 receptors, it can affect plant growth and development and has roles in stress responses, like UV protection. Phytohormones: UV-B light can influence phytohormones involved in stress responses, potentially affecting growth and development. 4. Other Colors: Green light: Plants are generally less sensitive to green light, as chlorophyll reflects it. Other wavelengths: While less studied, other wavelengths can also influence plant growth and development through interactions with different photoreceptors and phytohormones. Key Points: Cross-Signaling: Plants often experience a mix of light wavelengths, leading to complex interactions between different photoreceptors and phytohormones. Species Variability: The precise effects of light color on phytohormones can vary between different plant species. Hormonal Interactions: Phytohormones don't act in isolation; their interactions and interplay with other phytohormones and environmental signals are critical for plant responses. The spectral ratio of light (the composition of different colors of light) significantly influences a plant's hormonal balance. Different wavelengths of light are perceived by specific photoreceptors in plants, which in turn regulate the production and activity of various plant hormones (phytohormones). These hormones then control a wide range of developmental processes.

Update - Tuesday 22nd June To be honest this week hasn’t gone great. I noticed some fruit flies or fungus gnats. There are only a few and they don’t seem to be attracted to the buds at all. None the less for the moment I have put some cider vinegar, soap and water and put t in as wide a surface area as possible and there are quite a few stuck in there after a day. Iv also ordered some of those sticky traps to put around the edge of the pot. Luckily I’m getting rid of my media, the tent, everything inside the tent and will be using a paint spray gun to spray ozonated water or if it’s really expensive then just hydro strength hydro peroxide will be used to spray all surfaces of the room.

Esta semana apesar de tener temp Máxima de 28... se va recuperando bien de las podas, el led de TodoGrowled funciona perfectamente para sus 55w farmers!🍁

All looking great. Bud growing. 😃😃😃 Cant believe it. Going nicely. Just a very long patient wait. Eager to finish so can start on RQS Green Gelato auto grow. Hoping this will be complete in next 2 to 3 weeks. Than have to cure. Lower leaves have issues. Top leaves look good. Day 50 increased nutes to max 1.2ml each per 500ml water. Ph6.6. Watered 250ml to see any damage tomo. Run off from soil ph came to 6.4. Day 51 watered 250ml from balance Day 52 watered 100ml watered with nutes ph6.6 Day 53 watered 200ml from balance and lowered lights to 45cm from 80cm. Hopefully more growth tomorrow 🙏

Hi everyone! I got there 5 newborn and still waiting for another 2 stardawg🙈 all come out today. my plan is to get rid of the weakest one in second week. keep fingers crossed, will back here soon :)

The plant was harvested on day 67 of flower and is now hanging up to dry. I've got the drying environment set at around 58-60% humidity with a temperature range of 15-19°C. Hoping for a nice slow dry to preserve those terps! 👃💨 Will update once it's ready for the next step. Stay tuned! 🚀

Awesome growth Nodes so tight going to be a bushy plant will be doing some small defoliation in the next few days will update with pics 🏆 Update defoliation and some lst for this girl Acrss them bud sites she's really short compared to the forbidden runtz I started the same time but bushier :)

Herrrrro gang! Welcome to another week of Daank's grow! 8/2: Brought back the Great White. I was reading that it works well in conjunction with other root excelurators, like Rapid Start. I got 2 more temp/humidity sensors for the tent. It allows me to keep track of 100% of what is really going on, I find it to take away worry (b/c temps are very important!). Today was a "eureka!" moment in terms of understanding run-off pH and it's value to telling the grower how healthy the plant is and what nutes may, or may not, be needed. I also got some new LED glasses so I don't burn my fucking corneas when tending to the garden - they are phenomenal and I suggest them if you grow with an LED. Check the videos and photos. Pistils are growing rapidly and baby budlets are starting to form. I'm actually getting a nice subtle purple color - it's very neat. Today's run-off pH was 6.3, and I gave it 6.3 for water - so that's a good sign (I bounce the pH all around from 5.5-6.3). I'll keep track of this moving forward in the diary. Minor defoliation. ***Pro-Tip: If you're wondering what the run-off should be... around +.5/-.5 of what you put in is good. But this also might not mean anything... so many different opinions on the web. ****: My Spotify Playlist for my plants: https://open.spotify.com/playlist/0ydAFulbzDlqFr5WIZdfM1?si=r5M5H83BSQ6tOE5pk9Bg4Q Day 38 - 8/4: Lil'budlet's are poppin' up all over. By the end of this week I assume we'll be in full swing. Day 39: I have ordered new nutes, Advanced Nutrients. The reviews, photos, and research all point to using this for the best results. I found them to be a bit expensive, but if I can always get perfect pH values without much of a hassle... I'm down. They will be here by end of the week and I'll transition that over this weekend. I can't wait. Day 40: 8/6 - Advanced Nutrient nutes arrive today. Watering will be a pleasure. The plants look great. The buds are real. Small smell. Trimmed last night quite a bit for bud production. They love George Gershwin's "Rhapsody in Blue". It perks 'em up.

Haar laatste week . Ze ziet er verrukkelijk uit. Zelfs de onderste topjes zijn vol en hard in plaats van luchtig. Echt een sterke strain 👌🏻 Ik heb al veel bladeren weggeknipt en zal dit dagelijks blijven doen. Ze krijgt geen nutriënten meer, alleen flawless finish. Ik zal gedurende de week nog verse foto's updaten dus hou het in de gaten

Hello everyone. I hope all is well and good growing for everyone! I gave my last feeding on week 7. I have only been giving Poland spring water now without nutrients. please someone let me know if I have white powdery mildew or im doing a good job stressing 😞. Thanks 🙏