Cazzo è enorme!! 65 cm di diametro e mi occupa più di mezza tenda 1x1... Che dire!! Fantastica la sua crescita. Già esplosiva dopo il topping... Avevo visto che non aveva quasi ricevuto stress e avevo capito sin da subito che è una pianta fortissima, in piena salute e con grandi margini di grandezza/robustezza. Questo fenotipo è chiaramente forte e resistente ha una dominanza sativa forse più della percentuale che scrivono... Sono molto orgoglioso dei miei lavori ed esperimenti con le autofiorenti. Non voglio fare stime di peso ma sicuramente sarà una pianta pesante. Ho contato almeno 40 Budsites 😱😱😱

This brings the Journal up to speed. So going to start the 48 hour FLush this upcoming Sunday as well as going to move it to 48 hours of light insted of 48 hours of darkness. Then straight into the Freeze dryer to bring it down to 60% humidity in the bud and then to the curing jars. Going to be Timber 2 days into Week 9 of FLower. 1/20/2023 Week 8 (Day 5)- Flower- Day 107 overall T - 2 days until start 48 hour Flush T - 2 days until Start 48 hours of Light T - 4 days until TIMBER!!! 1/22/2023 Week 8 (Day 7) -FLower- Day 109 Overall Flush Day and 48 hours of Light. I subscibe to Dr. Bruce Bugbee's suggestion that production is under light instead of under darkness so I no longer do 48 hours of Darkness, I go 48 hours of light before Chop, sending my plants on a marathon run before I Cut. Here is Dr. Bruce on basics of lighting https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ID9rE5JewVg T-2 days until TIMBER

Growing well this week!

3törzsből csak a süti szép A másik két törzs a sokk miatt stresszes és kicsik maradtak Kíváncsian várom hibrib szerkezete van 3nap múlva elkezden etetni Canna flores Superthirve

Loving these girls!

Klein und kräftig. Ich hoffe sie holt noch im Stretch ein wenig auf :D Ansonsten stell ich sie einfach höher. Gelbtafeln und Blautafeln hinzugefügt.

Learnt some hard lessons this round! Next time I'm adding dolomitic lime to buffer soil aswell as always pHing from now on! Other than the lockout mid flower and slightly smaller buds as a result I'm happy with my first attempt at a actual tent grow. The buds look dense and frosty and under a scope a few are starting to turn cloudy. Next round is gonna be only three as I'm not comfortable with it being so cramped! I reckon I'll let her go another week with feed the I'll do a two week water only flush! Happy growing to all ✌️

- Second Week Started with a light dosage of Base A - Base B - Vege - Silica - around 0.5 ML per Liter Kitty decided to be curious and do a taste test while I was changing the reservoir Had a planned trip so I loaded up the water and left her to chill, hopefully my cat didn't do much damage.

Day 51 - 1F - Trimmed up most fan leaves and lower nodes. Used some low stress training to keep the canopy low and even then lowered SCROG netting to start training through flowering stretch. Took a couple clones as well (not sure if i'll grow them out yet or not - just wanted to try my new fog cloner i built.

Sorry for the delay, I was curing my lady before I try. The color, smell and taste is amazing. I definitely recommend you my fellas. Every human being should taste her once before its too late...

Starting to rippen up/start a fade. Been feeding pkbosster every other water.

I get the first place among complete idiots! EVERYTHING IS FULL OF SEEDS!!! I completely freaked out and didn't even understand it. Apparently no lady had a hermaphrodite. No “yellow penis” or “scrotums.” I taped up my window and all the indicator lights for plugs, etc. The whole thing in a separate room. So how does it work? A good friend enlightened me. I slept at a colleague's house about 2 weeks ago. He also grows. Messy tent. Because he doesn't pay for electricity. And the tent was open all day long. Another friend told me that his whole grow was full of seeds. The idiot didn't even tape off his indicator light in the tent. Fat red irritating light all the time. This means the sperm is happily distributed around the apartment all day long. That's how I brought the plague into my house. If I understood that correctly. I'm really mad at him. He is not aware of any guilt. I can't eat as much as I want to vomit. So I harvested them to stop the seeds from growing and maybe be able to smoke some. Accordingly, there are no trichome photos. It's too early anyway. And now you can laugh your ass off and throw balls at me.

Damn 1 of my Grand daddy Purp plants is growing like its life is depending on it lol. As you can see I swapped out that cob light and added my SE-3000 to the room so that I'm running all Spider-Farmer lights during flower. I put it over that tall GDP because I can let the plant get a lot closer to ot then one of my SF lights. I have to say when it comes to what I consider Amazon Special grow lights (Mars Hydro, Phlizon, Spider-Farmer, Viparspectrum, Etc) Spider-Farmer is by far the best. The SF-4000 light I have is still running at 100% after using it for roughly 10 grows now. Other LED brands I've ran only lasted 2-3 grows before they needed to be replaced. I've had the SF-2000 for just over a year now and it's got about 4 grows on it and again still working 100%. Now I just finished my first run in my 3x3 with the SE-3000 (last 2 weeks I'm running a blurpe LED light to see how it effects the potency) and I was extremely happy with thw outcome of the light. For only 300w I feel like it did a better job then my 450w SF-4000 light in my 4x4 tents. The humidity levels and temperature have been doing great all week during day/night even with temperatures outside dropping to 3c. I'm expecting November/December/January to be very difficult out here to try and keep the temp up. So what I might do is run a 400W HPS light in my 3x3 next go around during the day to keep it warm and then run the main room at night with the LEDs. We'll see what it's like when I get there tho. Also thinking of moving the 2x2x4 to the main room and putting my 2x3x5 tent were it is. Again tho we well see. Well that's all for now. So happy growing everyone!!!

F66 Humboldt Sour Diesel SD3 only the tops buds swoll. the rest of the main colas didnt fatten up. Maybe it was me or the genetics or just the light distribution? She doesnt smell as vibrant as at F50-55. I dont know if she was ready back then SD2 buds fattened up and since she showed signs of flowering a week later than SD2, it seems she is ready for harvest now as the she smells more vibrant right now at F66 I harvested Humboldt Sour Diesel at F68. SD2:137g wet 25dry SD3: 251g wet 48dry

Welcome to my autø Øpium Diary. In this Diary: Seeds: Sponsored by Ðivine Seeðs Media: Pro~Mix HP *•ns Nutrients: Remo Supercharged Kit *•ns *•not sponsored ___________________________ Feeding: Wed 30Oct: 2L Remo/Recharge pH'd 6.5 Sat 02Nov: 2L Remo/Recharge pH'd 6.5 ___________________________ Did defoliation on Saturday 02-Nov-24 Her buds are exposed to the light and she looks great🤩 ___________________________ Thanks for stopping by, likes and comments are appreciated!👊🏻😎 Keep on growin! Keep on tokin!!! 😙💨💨💨💨💨

At 95 days from seed, 40 days into bloom, she is still drinking about 2 liters (1/2 gal) per day. I am noticing new pistils being made on buds that otherwise look 3 weeks away from being ready to harvest. They were mostly observed on the highest parts of the highest kolas. This is probably a sign of light stress as it only the parts closest to the light. As I noted, my canopy height isn't very uniform. There is 8-10" of difference between the top of my highest kola and the top of my lowest kola that I wouldn't consider popcorn bud. I raised the light up so it was 16" above the highest kola. This means that its 24" to the lowest. Before I raised up my light, it was probably less than 12" from it to the highest kola. Not ideal but that is the result of not using a SCROG screen and my less-than-perfect training. I think I was stressing the highest kolas with light that was too intense. I've seen pictures of seriously deformed kolas before and I'm not that bad yet. I hope the shape of my buds remains typical and new pistil creation stops or slows. The light was probably too close. I don't think I did serious, long-term damage. At 98 days from seed, 43 days into bloom, she is still drinking about 2 liters (1/2 gal) per day. Not much to report today. She is filling out and looks more and more frosty everyday. Her smell is mild but really nice. The breeder's description of her sweet fruity smell is spot on The buds that were not closest to the light are looking like they are a few weeks from harvest. The buds that were closest to the light still have the new pistils that don't look anywhere close to harvest. It is high summer so temps are slightly higher than I'd like but it is all working out acceptably. Not much to do but keep changing the reservoir, watching her put on weight and waiting.

Harvested the Purple Lemonade. Smell of the flower is extreme! Most of the rosin is coming from the cuttings of the Tropicana Cookies. However, I have not been able to “cure” the cuttings of the other plants at a controlled 62% humidity, so this may not be a meaningful result. Thought a little more Anthocyan would surive, but i may have to press @ 160 Mikron next time, will try :)

Yellow butterfly came to see me the other day; that was nice. Starting to show signs of stress on the odd leaf, localized isolated blips, blemishes, who said growing up was going to be easy! Smaller leaves have less surface area for stomata to occupy, so the stomata are packed more densely to maintain adequate gas exchange. Smaller leaves might have higher stomatal density to compensate for their smaller size, potentially maximizing carbon uptake and minimizing water loss. Environmental conditions like light intensity and water availability can influence stomatal density, and these factors can affect leaf size as well. Leaf development involves cell division and expansion, and stomatal differentiation is sensitive to these processes. In essence, the smaller leaf size can lead to a higher stomatal density due to the constraints of available space and the need to optimize gas exchange for photosynthesis and transpiration. In the long term, UV-B radiation can lead to more complex changes in stomatal morphology, including effects on both stomatal density and size, potentially impacting carbon sequestration and water use. In essence, UV-B can be a double-edged sword for stomata: It can induce stomatal closure and potentially reduce stomatal size, but it may also trigger an increase in stomatal density as a compensatory mechanism. It is generally more efficient for gas exchange to have smaller leaves with a higher stomatal density, rather than large leaves with lower stomatal density. This is because smaller stomata can facilitate faster gas exchange due to shorter diffusion pathways, even though they may have the same total pore area as fewer, larger stomata. Leaf size tends to decrease in colder climates to reduce heat loss, while larger leaves are more common in warmer, humid environments. Plants in arid regions often develop smaller leaves with a thicker cuticle and/or hairs to minimize water loss through transpiration. Conversely, plants in wet environments may have larger leaves and drip tips to facilitate water runoff. Leaf size and shape can vary based on light availability. For example, leaves in shaded areas may be larger and thinner to maximize light absorption. Leaf mass per area (LMA) can be higher in stressful environments with limited nutrients, indicating a greater investment in structural components for protection and critical resource conservation. Wind speed, humidity, and soil conditions can also influence leaf morphology, leading to variations in leaf shape, size, and surface characteristics. Small leaves: Reduce water loss in arid or cold climates. Environmental conditions significantly affect gene expression in plants. Plants are sessile organisms, meaning they cannot move to escape unfavorable conditions, so they rely on gene expression to adapt to their surroundings. Environmental factors like light, temperature, water, and nutrient availability can trigger changes in gene expression, allowing plants to respond to and survive in diverse environments. Depending on the environment a young seedling encounters, the developmental program following seed germination could be skotomorphogenesis in the dark or photomorphogenesis in the light. Light signals are interpreted by a repertoire of photoreceptors followed by sophisticated gene expression networks, eventually resulting in developmental changes. The expression and functions of photoreceptors and key signaling molecules are highly coordinated and regulated at multiple levels of the central dogma in molecular biology. Light activates gene expression through the actions of positive transcriptional regulators and the relaxation of chromatin by histone acetylation. Small regulatory RNAs help attenuate the expression of light-responsive genes. Alternative splicing, protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, the formation of diverse transcriptional complexes, and selective protein degradation all contribute to proteome diversity and change the functions of individual proteins. Photomorphogenesis, the light-driven developmental changes in plants, significantly impacts gene expression. It involves a cascade of events where light signals, perceived by photoreceptors, trigger changes in gene expression patterns, ultimately leading to the development of a plant in response to its light environment. Genes are expressed, not dictated! While having the potential to encode proteins, genes are not automatically and constantly active. Instead, their expression (the process of turning them into proteins) is carefully regulated by the cell, responding to internal and external signals. This means that genes can be "turned on" or "turned off," and the level of expression can be adjusted, depending on the cell's needs and the surrounding environment. In plants, genes are not simply "on" or "off" but rather their expression is carefully regulated based on various factors, including the cell type, developmental stage, and environmental conditions. This means that while all cells in a plant contain the same genetic information (the same genes), different cells will express different subsets of those genes at different times. This regulation is crucial for the proper functioning and development of the plant. When a green plant is exposed to red light, much of the red light is absorbed, but some is also reflected back. The reflected red light, along with any blue light reflected from other parts of the plant, can be perceived by our eyes as purple. Carotenoids absorb light in blue-green region of the visible spectrum, complementing chlorophyll's absorption in the red region. They safeguard the photosynthetic machinery from excessive light by activating singlet oxygen, an oxidant formed during photosynthesis. Carotenoids also quench triplet chlorophyll, which can negatively affect photosynthesis, and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage cellular proteins. Additionally, carotenoid derivatives signal plant development and responses to environmental cues. They serve as precursors for the biosynthesis of phytohormones such as abscisic acid () and strigolactones (SLs). These pigments are responsible for the orange, red, and yellow hues of fruits and vegetables, while acting as free scavengers to protect plants during photosynthesis. Singlet oxygen (¹O₂) is an electronically excited state of molecular oxygen (O₂). Singlet oxygen is produced as a byproduct during photosynthesis, primarily within the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center and light-harvesting antenna complex. This occurs when excess energy from excited chlorophyll molecules is transferred to molecular oxygen. While singlet oxygen can cause oxidative damage, plants have mechanisms to manage its production and mitigate its harmful effects. Singlet oxygen (¹O₂) is considered a reactive oxygen species (ROS). It's a form of oxygen with higher energy and reactivity compared to the more common triplet oxygen found in its ground state. Singlet oxygen is generated both in biological systems, such as during photosynthesis in plants, and in cellular processes, and through chemical and photochemical reactions. While singlet oxygen is a ROS, it's important to note that it differs from other ROS like superoxide (O₂⁻), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and hydroxyl radicals (OH) in its formation, reactivity, and specific biological roles. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) protects plants from damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) by dissipating excess light energy as heat. This process reduces the overexcitation of photosynthetic pigments, which can lead to the production of ROS, thus mitigating the potential for photodamage. Zeaxanthin, a carotenoid pigment, plays a crucial role in photoprotection in plants by both enhancing non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). In high-light conditions, zeaxanthin is synthesized from violaxanthin through the xanthophyll cycle, and this zeaxanthin then facilitates heat dissipation of excess light energy (NPQ) and quenches harmful ROS. The Issue of Singlet Oxygen!! ROS Formation: Blue light, with its higher energy photons, can promote the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen, within the plant. Potential Damage: High levels of ROS can damage cellular components, including proteins, lipids, and DNA, potentially impacting plant health and productivity. Balancing Act: A balanced spectrum of light, including both blue and red light, is crucial for mitigating the harmful effects of excessive blue light and promoting optimal plant growth and stress tolerance. The Importance of Red Light: Red light (especially far-red) can help to mitigate the negative effects of excessive blue light by: Balancing the Photoreceptor Response: Red light can influence the activity of photoreceptors like phytochrome, which are involved in regulating plant responses to different light wavelengths. Enhancing Antioxidant Production: Red and blue light can stimulate the production of antioxidants, which help to neutralize ROS and protect the plant from oxidative damage. Optimizing Photosynthesis: Red light is efficiently used in photosynthesis, and its combination with blue light can lead to increased photosynthetic efficiency and biomass production. In controlled environments like greenhouses and vertical farms, optimizing the ratio of blue and red light is a key strategy for promoting healthy plant growth and yield. Understanding the interplay between blue light signaling, ROS production, and antioxidant defense mechanisms can inform breeding programs and biotechnological interventions aimed at improving plant stress resistance. In summary, while blue light is essential for plant development and photosynthesis, it's crucial to balance it with other light wavelengths, particularly red light, to prevent excessive ROS formation and promote overall plant health. Oxidative damage in plants occurs when there's an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the plant's ability to neutralize them, leading to cellular damage. This imbalance, known as oxidative stress, can result from various environmental stressors, affecting plant growth, development, and overall productivity. Causes of Oxidative Damage: Abiotic stresses: These include extreme temperatures (heat and cold), drought, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, and excessive light. Biotic stresses: Pathogen attacks and insect infestations can also trigger oxidative stress. Metabolic processes: Normal cellular activities, particularly in chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes, can generate ROS as byproducts. Certain chlorophyll biosynthesis intermediates can produce singlet oxygen (1O2), a potent ROS, leading to oxidative damage. ROS can damage lipids (lipid peroxidation), proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids (DNA). Oxidative stress can compromise the integrity of cell membranes, affecting their function and permeability. Oxidative damage can interfere with essential cellular functions, including photosynthesis, respiration, and signal transduction. In severe cases, oxidative stress can trigger programmed cell death (apoptosis). Oxidative damage can lead to stunted growth, reduced biomass, and lower crop yields. Plants have evolved intricate antioxidant defense systems to counteract oxidative stress. These include: Enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and various peroxidases scavenge ROS and neutralize their damaging effects. Antioxidant molecules like glutathione, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), C60 fullerene, and carotenoids directly neutralize ROS. Developing plant varieties with gene expression focused on enhanced antioxidant capacity and stress tolerance is crucial. Optimizing irrigation, fertilization, and other management practices can help minimize stress and oxidative damage. Applying antioxidant compounds or elicitors can help plants cope with oxidative stress. Introducing genes for enhanced antioxidant enzymes or stress-related proteins over generations. Phytohormones, also known as plant hormones, are a group of naturally occurring organic compounds that regulate plant growth, development, and various physiological processes. The five major classes of phytohormones are: auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, and abscisic acid. In addition to these, other phytohormones like brassinosteroids, jasmonates, and salicylates also play significant roles. Here's a breakdown of the key phytohormones: Auxins: Primarily involved in cell elongation, root initiation, and apical dominance. Gibberellins: Promote stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering. Cytokinins: Stimulate cell division and differentiation, and delay leaf senescence. Ethylene: Regulates fruit ripening, leaf abscission, and senescence. Abscisic acid (ABA): Plays a role in seed dormancy, stomatal closure, and stress responses. Brassinosteroids: Involved in cell elongation, division, and stress responses. Jasmonates: Regulate plant defense against pathogens and herbivores, as well as other processes. Salicylic acid: Plays a role in plant defense against pathogens. 1. Red and Far-Red Light (Phytochromes): Red light: Primarily activates the phytochrome system, converting it to its active form (Pfr), which promotes processes like stem elongation and flowering. Far-red light: Inhibits the phytochrome system by converting the active Pfr form back to the inactive Pr form. This can trigger shade avoidance responses and inhibit germination. Phytohormones: Red and far-red light regulate phytohormones like auxin and gibberellins, which are involved in stem elongation and other growth processes. 2. Blue Light (Cryptochromes and Phototropins): Blue light: Activates cryptochromes and phototropins, which are involved in various processes like stomatal opening, seedling de-etiolation, and phototropism (growth towards light). Phytohormones: Blue light affects auxin levels, influencing stem growth, and also impacts other phytohormones involved in these processes. Example: Blue light can promote vegetative growth and can interact with red light to promote flowering. 3. UV-B Light (UV-B Receptors): UV-B light: Perceived by UVR8 receptors, it can affect plant growth and development and has roles in stress responses, like UV protection. Phytohormones: UV-B light can influence phytohormones involved in stress responses, potentially affecting growth and development. 4. Other Colors: Green light: Plants are generally less sensitive to green light, as chlorophyll reflects it. Other wavelengths: While less studied, other wavelengths can also influence plant growth and development through interactions with different photoreceptors and phytohormones. Key Points: Cross-Signaling: Plants often experience a mix of light wavelengths, leading to complex interactions between different photoreceptors and phytohormones. Species Variability: The precise effects of light color on phytohormones can vary between different plant species. Hormonal Interactions: Phytohormones don't act in isolation; their interactions and interplay with other phytohormones and environmental signals are critical for plant responses. The spectral ratio of light (the composition of different colors of light) significantly influences a plant's hormonal balance. Different wavelengths of light are perceived by specific photoreceptors in plants, which in turn regulate the production and activity of various plant hormones (phytohormones). These hormones then control a wide range of developmental processes.