Heyoka.
12x12=144, A dodecahedron is a polyhedron with 12 faces, and in coordination chemistry, it refers to a geometry where ligands surround a central metal atom (in this case, Magnesium) in a specific, 8-coordinate arrangement. Dodecahedrane is a hydrocarbon, meaning it's composed solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms. The carbon atoms are arranged at the corners of a dodecahedron, a 3D shape with 12 pentagonal faces. The water molecules in the dodecahedron form hydrogen bonds that are individually slightly weaker than in either the dimer or the tetramer. However, because three-quarters of the O -H groups in the dodecahedron form hydrogen bonds, it has a more negative energy per molecule than has either the dimer or the tetramer. Magnesium (Mg2+) is the essential, central metal ion in the chlorophyll molecule, crucial for photosynthesis by enabling light absorption and energy transfer. It is chelated by four nitrogen atoms within the porphyrin (or chlorin) ring structure. Chlorophyll appears green because it reflects light in the green region of the visible spectrum, specifically between 490 and 570 nm. The main resonance electronic frequency of a neutral Magnesium (Mg) atom corresponds to the transition from the ground state to the first excited state. Resonance Line Wavelength of Mg2+: 285.1nm (UVB light). The central atom of the chlorophyll molecule is Magnesium (Mg2+), which is coordinated within a porphyrin ring. The electronic "resonance frequency" of this central atom—meaning the frequency at which its electrons absorb energy—is primarily driven by the electronic transitions (ETR) of the surrounding conjugated chlorin ring structure, rather than a discrete atomic transition of the Magnesium atom itself. The resonant electronic frequencies of the chlorophyll porphyrin (technically, a chlorin) ring are determined by the energy required to promote π-electrons within its conjugated system, primarily appearing in the blue and red regions of the visible spectrum.
In standard physics, Chloryphyll b has peak absorption at 460nm (Blue). If we take the peak wavelength 460nm and a UV-B, UVR8 peak absorption wavelength 285nm Tryptophan-285 (W285) Sensing protein. 460/285=1.618 Φ, "natural harmony" and the "structure of light". The cryptochrome photoreceptor (CRY) is a UV-A/blue light receptor that shares this dual sensitivity with several other biological structures and functions, including significant sequence similarity and a common evolutionary ancestor with DNA photolyase enzymes. These are light-activated enzymes that use blue/UV-A light to repair DNA damage caused by UV-B radiation in plants.
Dodecahedrane (C20H20) is a hydrocarbon with a cage-like structure where carbon atoms form 12 pentagonal faces (a regular dodecahedron). It is highly symmetric (icosahedral), contains no delocalized electrons (no aromaticity), and has minimal angle strain, but significant torsional strain. Water Dodecahedron (H2O) forms hydrogen-bonded cages. While individual hydrogen bonds in this structure are weaker than in the linear dimer or tetramer, it has a more negative total energy per molecule. This is because three-quarters (75%) of the groups are involved in hydrogen bonding, creating a very stable, closed-shell configuration. a 3D carbon hydrocarbon (C20H20) to stable water clusters in hydrate, while the Magnesium ion acts as the central activator within a conjugated ring in biological systems, with its electronic absorption dominated by the ring, not the atom itself.
Effective quantum efficiency of photosystem II, often denoted as ΦPSII
In horticultural lighting, adding 730 nm (far-red) LEDs alongside standard red/blue lights has been shown to increase canopy photosynthesis by 20–30% in several crops by acting synergistically with shorter wavelengths. However, the limitation is that excessive, pure IR/Far-red light (without accompanying red light) can trigger the "shade avoidance response," causing plants to grow tall, weak, and spindly rather than robust. Knowing is half the battle however, engineering or utilizing infrared light (specifically the 700-750 nm far-red range) is a viable method to boost photosynthetic efficiency. It acts as a bridge to allow PSII to utilize a broader spectrum of light, breaking the traditional 700 nm barrier.
Extend, then multiply.
UVR8-mediated signaling (often in conjunction with CRY proteins) triggers protective mechanisms that maintain the stability of the photosynthetic apparatus (including LHCII and reaction center proteins), thus ensuring that the efficiency of Photosystem II remains higher in UV-B-exposed plants compared to plants lacking this receptor. ΦPSII indictates the rate of electron transfer from water to plastoquinone, which drives the production of ATP and NADPH. There is a close link between ΦPSII and the true rate of CO2 fixation (Φ*co2), particularly in C4 plants.
Effective quantum efficiency of photosystem II, often denoted as ΦPSII, represents the proportion of light absorbed by Photosystem II (ΦPSII) that is actually used in photosynthetic electron transport. It is a key indicator of how efficiently a plant is using light for photosynthesis, as opposed to losing it as heat or fluorescence. ΦPSII (effective quantum yield of photosystem II) functions primarily as a "multiplier" (a coefficient of efficiency) rather than an additive factor when estimating the overall photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR). Multipliers are considered far more beneficial than additions because they generate exponential growth, leverage existing resources to their full potential, and create sustainable, self-multiplying capacity, rather than just incremental, linear increases.
Humans, and most other mammals, rely on other mechanisms, such as nucleotide excision repair, to manage and repair UV-induced DNA damage. As such, humans do not have the direct, light-driven repair mechanism that photolyase offers in plants.