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Plants with more direct UV showed much more purple across all 3 plants. The data shows that the number of terpenes in dried Cannabis flowers increases with a “No Red” light treatment for the final three days of production. Based upon these findings, we feel confident in recommending a spectrum control program that eliminates red light output from fixtures for the final 72 hours of the Cannabis flowering cycle. Terpenes are aromatic compounds that give cannabis some of its most distinct aromas from citrus and berry, to more earthy tones. Many species of plants produce and emit terpenes in a diurnal, or daily cycle that is regulated by a complex web of signaling. There are also many plants that emit terpenes at night to attract nocturnal pollinators (Marinho et al., 2014346). Regardless of when the terpenes are produced or emitted, these processes are often dependent upon cues derived from natural light/dark cycles via a native circadian clock (Dudareva et al., 2004). Several light-sensitive pigments are involved in these processes of production and emission, and the different photoreceptors are dependent upon different wavelengths of light to be activated or deactivated. Emission of terpenes is a process that is entirely dependent upon phytochromes and red/far-red light cues in most plant species (Flores and Doskey, 2015). For example, repeated light/dark phytochrome signaling is necessary for the emission of terpenes in tobacco plants (Roeder et al., 2007). Based on previous findings, we hypothesized that a lack of red light and phytochrome-mediated light/dark signaling on the part of the plant is responsible for an increase in terpene content in cannabis. The plant continues to synthesize terpenes, but a lack of red light to trigger the Pr-Pfr shift results in a lack of terpene emission by the plant, thus causing the terpenes to accumulate in the maturing flowers. REFERENCES Dudareva N, Pichersky E, Gershenzon J. Biochemistry of Plant Volatiles. Plant Physiology. 2004;135(4):1893- 1902. Flores, R.M., Doskey, P.V., Estimating Terpene and Terpenoid Emissions from Conifer Oleoresin Composition. Atmospheric Environment. 2015. 113, 32-40. Marinho, C.R.; Souza, C.D.; Barros, T.C.; Teixeira, S.P.; Dafni, A. Scent glands in legume flowers. Plant Biology , Volume 16 (1) – Jan 1, 2014 Roeder S, Hartmann AM, Effmert U, Piechulla B (2007) Regulation of simultaneous synthesis of floral scent terpenoids by the 1,8-cineole synthase of Nicotiana suaveolens. Plant Mol Biol 65: 107-12 Abstract Sound waves technology has been applied to different plants. It has been found that sound waves were at different frequencies, sound pressure levels (SPLs), exposure periods, and distances from the source of sound influence plant growth. Experiments have been conducted in the open field and under greenhouse growing conditions with different levels of audible sound frequencies and sound pressure levels. Sound waves at 1 kHz and 100 dB for 1 h within a distance of 0.20 m could significantly promote the division and cell wall fluidity of callus cells and also significantly enhance the activity of protective enzymes and endogenous hormones. Sound waves stimulation could increase the plant plasma-membrane H+-ATPase activity, the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, and amylase activity of callus. Moreover, sound waves could increase the content of RNA and the level of transcription. Stress-induced genes could switch on under sound stimulation. Sound waves at 0.1–1 kHz and SPL of (70±5) dB for 3 h from plant acoustic frequency technology (PAFT) generator within a distance ranged from 30 to 60 m every other day significantly increased the yield of sweet pepper, cucumber and tomato by 30.05, 37.1 and 13.2%, respectively. Furthermore, the yield of lettuce, spinach, cotton, rice, and wheat were increased by 19.6, 22.7, 11.4, 5.7, and 17.0%, respectively. Sound waves may also strengthen plant immune systems. It has been proved that spider mite, aphids, gray mold, late blight and virus disease of tomatoes in the greenhouses decreased by 6.0, 8.0, 9.0, 11.0, and 8.0%, respectively, and the sheath blight of rice was reduced by 50%. This paper provides an overview of literature for the effects of sound waves on various growth parameters of plant at different growth stages. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60492-X
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@valiotoro
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Hello everyone, all good for this week 😎 They grow fast and with a beautiful green colour on the leaves! In this grow i will be testing out Plagron Nutrients and Mars Hydro SP 6500
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Plants are maturing this week but are yet to put on more weight.. .However they are good size already! One bud on my Banana Krumble is mutated and I am not sure what it is?
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This one has been the second easiest harvest we ever did (back to the Purple Punch), the plant lost many leaves by herself, still pretty easy. she has a strong flavour and we literally cant wait to smoke her.
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Voltage, also known as electric pressure, electric tension, or (electric) potential difference, is the difference in electric potential between two points. In a static electric field, it corresponds to the work needed per unit of charge to move a test charge between the two points. In the International System of Units (SI), the derived unit for voltage is named volt. The voltage between points can be caused by the build-up of electric charge (e.g., a capacitor), and from an electromotive force (e.g., electromagnetic induction in generators, inductors, and transformers). On a macroscopic scale, a potential difference can be caused by electrochemical processes (e.g., cells and batteries), the pressure-induced piezoelectric effect, and the thermoelectric effect. Since it is the difference in electric potential, it is a physical scalar quantity. A voltmeter can be used to measure the voltage between two points in a system. Often a common reference potential such as the ground of the system is used as one of the points. A voltage can represent either a source of energy or the loss, dissipation, or storage of energy. Dropping the temps will slightly raise the humidity, air holds less % water the colder it is. Lights on 25-35rh% the same water content will spike to 50rh% + at night just by dropping the temps. At night all the juice photosynthesis has been storing up is mashed and mixed up to make all the goodies we need for bud, water is used to transport all these things everywhere, like little solvent transport devices, once a nutrient/protein has been delivered to destination the plant needs to get rid of all this excess water molecules it was using to transport. The only solution at night is to spit it back out into the air at night. During the peak of flower, this can catch a grower unaware, with a 4x4 full tent it can be a challenge to control all that moisture exhaust overnight especially if you're really pushing the limits. We live in a water world, above or below, our misconception is we live on dry land, we don't live in less watery conditions than above or below. We fit into a very narrow band of moisture that just so happens to be full of lots of air and everything else required for life. Got my first full whiff of the smell of purple lemonade, always surprises me how accurately the smell fits names, the dominant terpenes in the Purple Lemonade weed strain are carene, linalool, limonene, and myrcene. Carene gives this strain its sweet, citrus flavor and some woody notes, whereas the linalool I recognize so well from Granddaddy Purp. Myrcene has been shown to have sedative qualities while bringing musky, earthy elements to the flavor profile. Trichome production started to ramp up, and the plant that grew taller/closer to UV showed noticeably thicker coatings. The taller plant shows slight yellowing of lower leaves, and the smaller plant is green and lush but the buds are slightly less progressed, interesting. I super-cropped the main stem of the tall one just over a week ago (clean). I expected it to be the one slightly behind in development. The plant has roughly 10-15% "Total resources" that it keeps in case emergencies arise. Reserves if you will. My rationale behind breaking anything goes hand in hand with slowing things down as production is lost due to the time it takes to repair damage. I recall watching a YouTube video, where a curly hair gentleman would super crop in a manner to damage but not disrupt using a twisting method, using fingers and thumbs placing them close together one goes clockwise other counter clock this varies a lot depending on the thickness of stem but what you wait for is a tiny snap, it may take several rolls to weaken if walls are tough I found. No snapping or bending of the stem, you want just to fracture it but not puncture this way the xylem and phloem channels remain flowing,the damage is repaired almost instantly and the 10-15% is dispatched with very little repair time. Everything in the general vicinity of the stress will now grow stronger so as to prevent further similar damage. This is why I had expected the tall one to lag behind in development once I had cropped it but low and behold it worked and the tall one has slightly more developed buds. The effects of birdsong on plant life may at first glance be far-fetched. Nigh on ten years ago an article appeared in Nexus Magazine on the discovery or invention of a method of growing plants using bird sounds. Christopher Bird and Peter Tompkins describe the development of Dan Carlson’s Sonic Bloom in their book The Secret Life of Plants. Many others have, it seems, recognized the role of birdsong in the growth of plants, and influenced or directly helped Carlson to develop his invention. Dan Carlson’s desire to see that no one need be hungry through shortage of food sought to understand the optimum growth of plants. He discovered that plants also feed from ‘the top down’ as well as the roots. Underneath all leaves are pores called stomata which open to take in nutrients and moisture from the air. Carlson’s observation that the more bird life there is on the farm, the more abundant is plant life, has been echoed by farmers throughout history, except in modern times. Where there is little bird life, plants are stunted, and dwarfed. Nature has the birds sing at dawn and dusk, which dilates the stomata, and so feeds the plants. One can immediately see the importance of trees. The development of Sonic Bloom was to create birdsong, which is played to the plants, while a foliar nutrient is sprayed onto the plants at the same time as they are being stimulated by the sound, to enhance their growth. This method produced fantastic results in the amount of abundantly nutritious produce from one plant, often in poor soils and in drought conditions. Carlson showed that the breathing leaves of plants are the source of the nutrient intake for growth. This of course is also true for humans—the breath is food. We shall discourse on this on another occasion. Plants transfer nutrients to the soil via this breathing, and Carlson showed that his plants improved the soil and helped earthworms proliferate. The secret of Sonic Bloom was the development of the music of the same frequency as the dawn chorus of the birds. With the help of a Minneapolis music teacher, Michael Holtz, a cassette was prepared. It seems that both birds and plants found Indian melodies called ragas delightfully suitable. This is actually quite profound, although the American farmers, especially women, who had to endure this music whilst it was played to the plants, found it irritating. Holtz found the “Spring” movement of Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons appropriate and concludes: “I realized that Vivaldi, in his day, must have known all about birdsong, which he tried to imitate in his long violin passages. Holtz, it is related by the authors Bird and Tompkins, also realized that the violin music dominant in “Spring” reflected Johann Sebastian Bach’s violin sonatas broadcast by the Ottawa University researchers to a wheat field, which had obtained remarkable crops with 66 percent greater yield than average, with larger and heavier seeds. Accordingly, Holtz selected Bach’s E-major concerto for violin for inclusion on the tape. “I chose that particular concerto,” explained Holtz, “because it has many repetitions but varying notes. Bach was such a musical genius he could change his harmonic rhythm at nearly every other beat, with his chords going from E to B to G-sharp and so on, whereas Vivaldi would frequently keep to one chord for as long as four measures. That is why Bach is considered the greatest composer that ever lived. I chose Bach’s string concerto, rather than his more popular organ music, because the timbre of the violin, and its harmonic structure, is far richer than that of the organ. Birdsong has long been loved but also studied with reference to the musical scale and harmonics. As Holtz deepened his study he said, “I began to feel that God had created the birds for more than just freely flying about and warbling. Their very singing must somehow be intimately linked to the mysteries of seed germination and plant growth. The spring season down on the farms is much more silent than ever before. DDT killed off many birds and others never seem to have taken their place. Who knows what magical effect a bird like the wood thrush might have on its environment, singing three separate notes all at the same time, warbling two of them and sustaining the others. Tree and bird life are essential to Earth's existence, which Carlson, Holtz, and others have shown, but indeed others see and feel. “Plants”, says Steiner, “can only be understood when considered in connection with all that is circling, weaving, and living around them. In spring and autumn, when swallows produce vibrations as they flock in a body of air, causing currents with their wing beats, these and birdsong, have a powerful effect on the flowering and fruiting of plants. Remove the winged creatures, Steiner warns, and there would be stunting of vegetation. Nothing more needs to be added here. It has been said that you cannot hurt the humblest creature or disturb the smallest pebble without your action having a reaction upon something else...You cannot think of an evil thought, no matter how private, without it having an effect upon somebody else. Whatsoever you do in life sets up some form of resonance. When I say the morning chorus of the birds awakens the earth I mean that the characteristic song of the birds sets in motion a series of vibrations which react upon other forms of life. Remember, the soil of the earth is full of living microorganisms. The plants are also living organisms. You, yourselves, are living organisms. Now, this is the beauty and wonder of it all—when one aspect of nature has been moved into a state of resonance it immediately relays its vibrational motion to something else. So when I say the dawn chorus awakens the earth I literally mean what I say. I do not suggest that the earth would come to a standstill without the bird song, but I do mean that life on earth would be sluggish and ineffectual without that first instigating outburst of vibrational power poured forth at just the right pitch and tone to set off a chain effect. I know some of you will say, what happens in those parts of the world where there are no birds? Well, what does happen? Very little, I assure you. The hot deserts and the polar regions where there are few, if any, birds are not renowned for their wonders of nature. It is as though they are asleep. Nothing grows, few things live. Little resonates and there is a great stillness over everything. You see, that outburst of sound just before dawn is like the little lever that works the bigger lever which turns the wheel which moves the machine…and so on. Never underestimate small things. Animals are blessed with instantaneous and unthought-out wisdom. They are in direct contact with God and they act and live as though they are fully aware of it. Men are also in contact with God, but most of them act as though they have never heard of God because they are largely veiled from their divine center by their own thinking minds of which they are so proud.
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Found a couple of seeds in DP but was expected as last grow also hermits slightly at the end. What's strange is that I can't find any nanners or balls on them so must be stamen deep in the buds somewhere. Only found a few seeds last grow with it so fingers crossed my ladies aren't complete whores for daddy's pollen
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I'm happy with the progress they have made, all have responded well to defoliation and LST. I'll be adding a few more light nutrients at some point this week. The gorilla zkittles is shorter than the rest but looks very sturdy and has plenty of bud showing already, I think this is because it started flowering maybe 7days before the rest and in them 7days the rest shot up rapidly! I'll update daily and try get some nice videos with lights out.
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9/13 Took the last special Kush today. I had too. Those fucking locusts were eating more and more. At least the trichs looked good. The second plant is straight fire! They're ALL good. I'll have to do the review. Tenth planet is swelling up and trichs are getting cloudier. They are starting to eat the chem dog too but it needs to bulk up and the trichs aren't there yet. Mk ultra natural may be some of the best quality this year. I'm losing SOME to the locusts but it seems they avoid the frostier stuff. At least I'm hoping. This is a great plantvand despite the nugs being so tight and stuff it just needs more time and im going to give it to her. Pink kush is actually look9ng like it might finish. But the locusts have STRIPPED a lot of that. I'll keep an eye on them and keep this uuodated. I got a notification saying congratulations on a harvester diary. I know these outdoor seasons are long but what difference does it make? Hopefully I can still add week later. 9/14 Weather is good bit it's so dry that the locusts are deafening. Thrips are still around and there's not much I can do about it. Looking at the tenth planet I isolated I can see that locusts stripped the middle some and it was stunted from the thrips. The pink kush looks good but I'm losing g some to locusts. The 10th planet, Chem Dog #4 and the MK Ultra I left natural are bulking up and trichs are exploding! Since I safely have some quality cannabis I'm go8mg to let these ride. Unless I continue to lose substantial amounts. Then my hand may be forced. The pink kush is nowhere near ready though. The others would still be good taken now. Smell is strong and I've looked them all. 9/15 Rained last night. Plants were wet. I probably should've watered. Had to remove two branches due to mold. I also removed a couple small buds that had molded. These 40 degree nights don't do well with rain. I'm losing more and more cannabis daily from those locusts and from some mold that comes with the damage. I've never had a year like this. The sounds the make are deafening. And it's not just at night, or a specific part of the day. It's ALL. THE. TIME. I'm not growing again without floating row covers. I'll loon for some today bur that's like closing the barn door after the horses got out. Oh well. That big 10th planet is ready. I was just waiting for more amber bur I'm not taking a chance losing more branches. I'll think about it and I'll update what I decide to do. I might take that today. Chem dog had thr most damage but last I looked it wasn't where I needed it to be. EDIT: DIDN'T TAKE ANYTHING. IVE GOT MY HANDS FULL TRIMMING AND DRYING ANYWAY. SURPRISINGLY THE TRICHS WERE ALL MILKY! THEY EVEN HAD SOME AMBER! CHEM DOG WENT CLEAR TO MILKY REAL FAST AND THE NATURAL MK ULTRA HAS BUDS THAT THE STIGMAS HAVECTOTALLY RETRACTED AND THE LOOK COMPLETELY DONE. AGAIN. TRICHS ARE ALL MILKY. IT THE BUDS ARE EXTREMELY DENSE AND I WORRY ABOUT ROT. BOTH THESE PLANTS COULD COME DOWN ANYTIME AND IM SURE ID BE HAPPY. I JUST HAVE A LOT RO DO AND THE WEAYHER LOOKS GREAT SO AS LONG AS THE LOCUSTS STAY AWAY THINGS WILL BE FINE. I ALSO watered everything a gallon. I may have been underwatering for fear of overwatering. Tomorrow's a new day. We'll see what it holds. 11% chance of rain. But after that it looks like it will be good. 9/16 Guess I didn't do a video. Went over this morning and then again around one. I brought my loupe and checked everything. Suprisingly some of the pink kush are MILKY already and legit hard as a marble. I won't get much from them but I bet it will be good. The tenth planet I probably should've taken. I was tired though and another day or so isn't going to hurt it. I took off a few of the fan leaves that were left but most have dropped already. The strain SAYS it takes longer but the loupe doesn't lie and the buds arent increasing in size anymore. The chem dog has caught up to it by now and the 10th planet WAS much further ahead. They both have been through the same stressors. This cold weather has sped shit up. I've got all MILKY with amber on thatl tenth planet and I don't want to keep losing more shit. The chemdog has swelled to almost the size of the 10th planet and are all MILKY as hell!. The mk ultra's stigmas have retracted on half the buds and are very dense. It has a few ENORMOUS calyxes on it. The only reason its still standing is that ive noticed A FEW clear tricombs and the plant is healthy. It can survive a little longer but its a September strain and we've had some cold weather already. Some have some stigmas still reaching upward (mostly on the cola) but other flowers have no visible stigma on the top. Theyve reached what looks like perfection and are all milky. That plant it frosty. It might be my best quality. Only time will tell. That plant doesn't have as much damage but I'd like to see a little more amber and see if the buds decide to connect. This strain is on time according to the breeder and ive just decided to oush it. I hope I dont regret I have a bud that rotted off a tenth planet branch so at least i can try it before i take it. Same with the chem dog but it's not dry yet. I'd would be good to try a tester bud before I made my decision on pulling the plant. 9/17 I did a video and took the tenth planet after finding a few buds that had molded and a small branch with mold on it. Should've followed my intuition and took it yesterday but I was sick. Still am. I found some mold on the chem dog and more stem mold. I also found some buds that had completely rotted and died. The plants have been through at least one frost. If I wasn't so tired and ill I would've taken the chem dog too. The buds were swelk8ng though and had caught the tenth planet that had stopped growing. I almost just cut it at the base and hung it upside down because I'm worried about the mold and whatever I'd eating it. It smells great, trichs areall MILKY with a little amber. I was just hoping for more size but it's been a strange year climate wise. I still have another 10th planet out but it has a few issues. The natural mk ultra will probably be the best quality out of the garden. It is rock hard and frosty as hell. I can still see some clear trichs or I would've snatched it. It LOOKS totally done. That's what's weird this year. Advanced trichs on small bud, trichs staying clear on big buds that appear finished. It has MILKY and amber so I coukd take it anytime but it looks healthy so I'll give it a little more time. The pink kush surprisingly has grown extremely trichome heavy rock hard buds. I'll get a harvest from them and it will probably be good quality bit it won't be much. I was able to sample the mk ultra and was extremely impressed. After I do the physical shit and take time for myself ill take pictures and put more up on the harvest reports. Hopfully the chem dog does ok tonight. I'm sure she'll be fine. 9/18 WATERED EVERYTHING LEFT. Checked the trichs and flowering time on the chem dog #4 and pulled it. Should've yesterday. Lost a few small branches and a couple buds to rot but this stuff is extremely frosty! I left the mk ultra and the pink kushes and the other 10th planet. I could've taken the mk ultra but I think I can push it a bit further. It's a beautiful plant. I'm sick and of course I come across this plant that NEEDED to be harvested. We've got a frost warning tonight too. I won't get much from the pink kushes but it looks like it's going to be some killer smoke. I wasn't planning on doing this and I'm tired as fuck. I'm in trim jail and I'm ive got shit hanging everywhere. I'll take pictures and shit and do reviews after I get the work done. 9/19 Boy that mk ultra is pretty. I've got a bunch of stuff drying and a bunch of stuff curing. I'll do reviews later but I'm very impressed with the quality. Not anywhere near what I normally get but the quality makes of for that. Every year can't be a home run. But the quality.......wow. I'm impressed and the vest is yet to come! I dodnt wet trim the chem dog. I pulled the fans but that was about it. I was tired. I've got A LOT of work ahead of me. I cannot believe the change in those pink kush plants. The size, density, smell and the amount of tricomes is unreal.
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@Ksouth1
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Last two weeks have gone well for her. She will be unleashed finally in the next couple weeks if weather permits! I can only imagine what she is going to do once her roots can spread. I predict a massive size increase once she is put into the ground. I know she will have to be supported after about a month outside so it will grow without problems. Don't want her to snap her own branches because of awkward wait placement or because her buds become too heavy. Plants definitely produce better when they have supports for the buds/ branches. Allows them to stack on bud instead of putting energy towards holding itself up. Until next time happy growing to everyone!
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I'm loving how easy these ladies are growing. Watering every 4-5 days. I water 10 liters each time. Every now and then I pick a few leaves that might block other buds and thats it. It's a nice and steady grow up till now.
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Buonasera a tutti le piante sono entrate nella 13° settimana di fioritura dopo una bella defogliata non troppo aggressiva le ho fertilizzante con le stesse robe che ci sono sotto il profumo ancora non è fortissimo ma comincia a sentirsi....le due auto invece sono quasi alla fine penso che tra un paio di giorni le tirerò giù a seccare i tricomi cominciano a essere ambrati come li voglio io💚🌱💚🏴‍☠️🆓🇵🇸🇵🇸🆓aggiungerò un video delle auto presto.
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flipped to flower November 09 2018 8 inches tall
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Hey growers! First, I harvested the foxtailing one, its drying now and will be used for making butter or oil. The rest of the plants will get one more week of clean water and, in 4 days, Im turning of the light. They will get 48h of darkness and then I will cut them down. Cant wait, it smells amazing, full of crystals and sticky as f***. Cheers!
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@Jobbie
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Wrapping things up here in the studio, first down was Sapphire Scout. Thankyou for all the lovely words of encouragement, thank you to the team. As we lay this plant to rest in the drying room let me, your host Jobbie, take you through its final days. She led a good few final days, ending her life around 15 weeks since she was given water to begin her journey, in this time she grew up strong, but not without issues, we watched her struggle at many stages including the overfeeding that plagued her middle age. In the last few weeks she was peaceful, growing heavy and smelling... fruity, like fruit soda, she was loved by all in the home and was watered plenty. In her last moments the restraints where taken off and she fell her ass over, buds flopped around like a granny with no bra. Then the end came. She was taken to the mortuary once the chop happened and was washed and raised in the true fashion of a butchers yard to dry off. After this, she was sealed in a room to dry out before going on to the next place in space and time... likely a jar. Follow us next episode where we learn of our friend Laughing Buddhas last gasps of breath. Until then, so long Budding Powell, so long! Good night!
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I could let them sit in the pot for 1 more week, but I really need my weed. 100% cloudy but no amber
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Vamos familia, actualizamos la sexta semana de floración de estas Granny’s Home de Seedstockers, salieron las 2 de 3, 66% ratio éxito. Aplicamos varios productos de Agrobeta, que son increíbles para aportar una buena alimentación a las plantas. Temperatura y humedad dentro de los rangos correctos dentro de la etapa de floración. La tierra utilizada es al mix top crop, por cambiar. De 2 ejemplares me quede con los 2 para completar el indoor, también cambie el fotoperiodo a 12/12 y aplique una poda de bajos, se ven bien sanas las plantas, tienen un buen color progresan a muy buen ritmo por el momento, las flores están formándose y llevan una tricomada increíble, hasta aquí todo. Agrobeta: https://www.agrobeta.com/agrobetatiendaonline/36-abonos-canamo Hasta aquí todo, Buenos humos 💨💨💨.
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Not much to be said for this lady. Her calmag issue seems to be still present and I'm suspecting lockout. She's on pHd water and calmag for now. Her aroma is amazing. So minty but cheesy at the same time. Amazing. She is fattening up good regardless of any issues. Not long to go for this girl!