My homework. Rubisco regeneration is intrinsically linked to nitrogen supply because Rubisco is a major sink for nitrogen in plants, typically accounting for 15% to over 25% of total leaf nitrogen. The regeneration phase itself consumes nitrogen through the synthesis of the Rubisco enzyme and associated proteins (like Rubisco activase), and overall nitrogen status heavily influences the efficiency of RuBP regeneration.Structural Component: Nitrogen is an essential building block for all proteins, and the sheer abundance of the Rubisco protein makes it the single largest storage of nitrogen in the leaf. Synthesis and Activity: Adequate nitrogen supply is crucial for the synthesis and maintenance of sufficient Rubisco enzyme and Rubisco activase (Rca), the regulatory protein responsible for maintaining Rubisco's active state. Nitrogen deficiency leads to a decrease in the content and activity of both Rubisco and Rca, which in turn limits the maximum carboxylation rate, Vmax, and the rate of RuBP regeneration Jmax, thus reducing overall photosynthetic capacity. Nitrogen Storage and Remobilization: Rubisco can act as a temporary nitrogen storage protein, which is degraded to remobilize nitrogen to other growing parts of the plant, especially under conditions of nitrogen deficiency or senescence. Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE): The allocation of nitrogen to Rubisco is a key determinant of a plant's photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE). In high-nitrogen conditions, plants may accumulate a surplus of Rubisco, which may not be fully activated, leading to a lower PNUE. Optimizing the amount and activity of Rubisco relative to nitrogen availability is a target for improving crop NUE. Photorespiration and Nitrogen Metabolism: Nitrogen metabolism is also linked to the photorespiration pathway (which competes with carboxylation at the Rubisco active site), particularly in the reassimilation of ammonia released during the process. To increase RuBisCO regeneration, which refers to the process of forming the CO2 acceptor molecule Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) during photosynthesis, the primary methods involve optimizing the levels and activity of Rubisco activase (Rca) and enhancing the performance of other Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle enzymes. Biochemical and Environmental Approaches: Optimize Rubisco Activase (Rca) activity: Rca is a crucial chaperone protein that removes inhibitory sugar phosphates, such as CA1P (2-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate), from the Rubisco active site, thus maintaining its catalytic competence. •Ensure optimal light conditions: Rca is light-activated via the chloroplast's redox status. Adequate light intensity ensures Rca can effectively maintain Rubisco in its active, carbamylated state. •Maintain optimal temperature: Rca is highly temperature-sensitive and can become unstable at moderately high temperatures (e.g., above 35°C/95F° in many C3 plants), which decreases its ability to activate Rubisco. Maintaining temperatures within the optimal range for a specific plant species is important. •Optimize Mg2+ concentration: Mg2+ is a key cofactor for both Rubisco carbamylation and Rca activity. In the light, Mg2+ concentration in the chloroplast stroma increases, promoting activation. •Manage ATP/ADP ratio: Rca activity depends on ATP hydrolysis and is inhibited by ADP. Conditions that maintain a high ATP/ADP ratio in the chloroplast stroma favor Rca activity. Enhance Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle enzyme activity: The overall rate of RuBP regeneration can be limited by other enzymes in the cycle. •Increase SBPase activity: Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) is a key regulatory enzyme in the regeneration pathway, and increasing its activity can enhance RuBP regeneration and overall photosynthesis. •Optimize other enzymes: Overexpression of other CBB cycle enzymes such as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) and triose phosphate isomerase (TPI) can also help to balance the metabolic flux and improve RuBP regeneration capacity. Magnesium ions, Mg2+, are specifically required for Rubisco activation because the cation plays a critical structural and chemical role in forming the active site: A specific lysine residue in the active site must be carbamylated by a CO2 molecule to activate the enzyme. The resulting negatively charged carbamyl group then facilitates the binding of the positively charged Mg2+ion. While other divalent metal ions like Mn2+ can bind to Rubisco, they alter the enzyme's substrate specificity and lead to dramatically lower activity or a higher rate of the non-productive oxygenation reaction compared to Mg2+, making them biologically unfavorable in the context of efficient carbon fixation. The concentration of Mg2+ in the chloroplast stroma naturally increases in the light due to ion potential balancing during ATP synthesis, providing a physiological mechanism to ensure the enzyme is activated when photosynthesis is possible. At the center of the porphyrin ring, nestled within its nitrogen atoms, is a Magnesium ion (Mg2+). This magnesium ion is crucial for the function of chlorophyll, and without it, the pigment cannot effectively capture and transfer light energy. Mg acts as a cofactor: Mg2+ binds to Rubisco after an activator CO2 molecule, forming a catalytically competent complex (Enzyme-CO2-Mg2+). High light + CO2) increases demand: Under high light (60 DLI is a very high intensity, potentially saturating) and high CO2, the plant's capacity for photosynthesis is high, and thus the demand for activated Rubisco and the necessary Mg2+ cofactor increases. Mg deficiency becomes limiting: If Mg2+ is deficient under these conditions, the higher levels of Rubisco and Rubisco activase produced cannot be fully activated, leading to lower photosynthetic rates and potential photo-oxidative damage. Optimal range: Studies show that adequate Mg2+ application can enhance Rubisco activation and stabilize net photosynthetic rates under stress conditions, but the required concentration is specific to the experimental setup. Monitoring is key: The most effective approach in a controlled environment is to monitor the plant's physiological responses e.g., leaf Mg2+ concentration, photosynthetic rate, Rubisco activation state, and adjust the nutrient solution/fertilizer to maintain adequate levels, rather than supplementing a fixed "extra" amount. In practice, this means ensuring that Mg2+ is not a limiting factor in the plant's standard nutrient solution when pushing the limits with high light and CO2. Applying Mg2+ through foliar spray is beneficial to Rubisco regeneration, particularly in alleviating the negative effects of magnesium (Mg) deficiency and high-temperature stress (HTS). While Mg can be leached from soil, within the plant it is considered a mobile nutrient, particularly in the phloem. Foliar-applied Mg is quickly absorbed by the leaves and can be translocate to other plant parts, including new growth and sink organs. Foliar application of: NATURES VERY OWN MgSO4 @ 15.0g L-1 in a spray bottle. Foliar sprays are often recommended as a rapid rescue measure for existing deficiencies or as a supplement during critical growth stages, when demand for Mg is high. Application in the early morning or late evening can improve absorption and prevent leaf burn. The starting point [of creativity] is curiosity: pondering why the default exists in the first place. We’re driven to question defaults when we experience vuja de, the opposite of déjà vu. Déjà vu occurs when we encounter something new, but it feels as if we’ve seen it before. Vuja de is the reverse—we face something familiar, but we see it with a fresh perspective that enables us to gain new insights into old problems.

SWISS DREAM ROSE 🌹 CBD KANNABIA SEEDS Week #7 Overall Week #4 Flower This week she's looking good no issues to report this week. She continues to pack on the weight and you can see the purple in her buds starting to really show thorough. She's really a good looking plant with some great genetics from the looks of the plant easy to grow and maintain. Even if you have some issues she'll recover for the most part. Stay Growing!! Kannabia.com SWISS DREAM ROSE 🌹 CBD

Super eccitato per questa nuova collab con Divine Seeds, team davvero al top, che mi ha dato l’opportunità di testare questa nuova genetica e di condividere i progressi con tutti voi!!! Come sempre partiamo nei bicchieri per poi travasare.. Questa volta verrà svolto tutto sotto la Lumatek Zeus 465 ProC, mi aspetto molto da questo ciclo!! Sono davvero molto soddisfatto del risultato di questa piccola, con i suoi fiori rossi ha un sapore tropicale ed un odore davvero molto intenso.. Consiglio a tutti di provarla in quanto è davvero facile da coltivare ed il raccolto vale la pena!! Grazie a tutti per il supporto ❤️🍀🔥

Right then 7 weeks of flower complete. I'll dive right in to the juicy bits as this week has been predominantly about deciding weather to chop or keep one of my girls going. In the end I chose to do both! As the photos and videos show the plant wasn't recovering so I checked the trichomes and it was actually pretty ripe. A few Amber's on the upper buds. Lowers still undeveloped so I decided to take the biggest and leave the smallest for another week or while ever the plant is healthy. I estimate I've taken around 7oz once dry. Depending how they swell up I'm hoping for a further 5oz of solid bag worthy nugs. Looking nice and frosty, smell is that typical sweet haze with some sour diesel/fruit kick in there. You can see how the photos progress my hands getting covered in resin. Got to give my other 3 some love as they are getting healthier and fatter. I'm thinking another week on one of them and 2 on the others. I'll more than likely stagger the harvest like tonight if it proves worth while. I will update mid week.

Things are going well. Very good root growth. The two new main stems have grown enough to be tied down for Low Stress Training. I don't think I'll top again. I want to see how fast I can get a good canopy with DWC, and see if Manifold-style training can get me a similar shape to the Mainline I did last year where I lost a ton of time from topping 4 times and doing a bunch of pruning to maintain a certain shape. I set the lights to 18/6 to encourage some rest and regrowth, and frankly to save myself a bit of light and noise at night. The reservoir is still full so I'm going to leave it this week and change out the water next week. The leaves are looking a bit stressed so I raised the light and moved the fan back a bit. I have a window fan pulling air out while there's no smell but I think I'll need to switch that to intake, turn on the exhaust and replace the jet with an oscillating fan. There is a fan on the cool tube for my light as well. I think I need to hang something heavier on the front to dampen the sound. All the fans are getting loud for my small apartment. Lol I topped it again the next day. I have wires tying down all the main branches. I think it's worthwhile to spend the time in veg making a good canopy. I'm following the instructions for Nebula's Manifold technique but I haven't done any pruning yet except for the topping itself. I have a vision of what I want taking form. June 16 I checked the pH and it was 6.5 so I brought it down to 5.5. I'm going to change out the water and nutes tomorrow. It needs a top-up so I'll just change out the whole thing tomorrow. I'm leaving out a bucket of water overnight for the chlorine to evaporate.

Well 2 got chopped down as the trichomes were nice and milky. The other 2 I completely defoliated and gave a good shot of nutes. The roots seemed a little on the moist side. 1 plant gave 147grams wet the dark plant gave 155 grams of wet.

Bon acclimatation à l’autopot

Diese Woche verlief sehr entspannt. Wir haben nun Tag 28 und somit ein Drittel der Zeit geschafft. Der Stretch scheint gestoppt zu haben, zum Glück. Die Dame steht gut im Futter, sodass wohl keine Nährstoffe wirklich nötig sind . Ein leichter Tip Burn ist erkennbar, was mich in der Entscheidung bestätigt. Interessant ist vor allem die Struktur der Blüten: sie scheint die Calyx wie bei einer typischen Sativa Dame eher nach oben zu stacken, anstatt gleichmäßig zu allen Seiten. Ich bin mal gespannt ob es bei dieser Form bleiben wird, immerhin passt es auch zum starken Stretch , wie man eine Sativa ursprünglich eingeordnet hätte. Die Auswahl der Eltern dieser Dame wurde ebenfalls gut zur Einordnung passen. Alles in allem scheint diese Dame sehr pflegeleicht zu sein, abgesehen von dem starken Stretch. Bis jetzt gefällt sie mir echt gut. Mal schauen was da noch kommt 🌻 um den Stretch besser darzustellen, habe ich mal ein kleines Video gemacht. Interessant ist der Vergleich vor allem mit der Wizard Trees aus dem anderen Diary.

I let her heal under LED after the last major defoliation and moved her to the flowering tent after the first sign of new growth. She wasn't very happy under the intense light ( I don't ever work my plants up to it, i prob should lol) but she's starting to come around :)

Ho tolto due Crystal Candy XL e la Grape Rolex v2 al giorno 70 da seme. Le due Crystal Candy XL 91gr e 105gr mentre la Grape Rolex 108gr. Le prossime tre Crystal Candy XL verranno tolte tra due giorni quindi al giorno 79 da seme dopo 10gg di soluzione finale Advanced Nutrient. A settimana prossima con qualche foto in più 🖐️💪

Nach einer spannenden Woche und einem großartigen Wochenende auf der Mary Jane in Berlin gibt es endlich wieder ein Update meiner drei Lemon Cherry Cookies. Die Pflanzen entwickeln sich weiterhin hervorragend und haben in den letzten Tagen einen ordentlichen Wachstumsschub hingelegt. Das Low Stress Training zeigt mittlerweile seine Wirkung und die Seitentriebe beginnen kräftig aufzuholen. Aus den einst kleinen Sämlingen entwickeln sich langsam schöne, breite Outdoor-Büsche. Besonders erfreulich ist die gute Vitalität aller drei Pflanzen. Die Blattfarbe bleibt gesund und satt, das neue Wachstum ist kräftig und die Pflanzen zeigen keinerlei Anzeichen von ernsthaftem Stress. Selbst die Dame, die zu Beginn etwas ungewöhnlich gewachsen ist, entwickelt mittlerweile ihren ganz eigenen Charakter und holt hervorragend auf. Durch das LST wird das Licht optimal verteilt und immer mehr zukünftige Blütenstände erhalten direkten Zugang zur Sonne. Genau jetzt beginnt die Phase, in der die Struktur für die kommenden Wochen aufgebaut wird. Die Lemon Cherry Cookies zeigen bisher genau die Eigenschaften, die ich mir von einer starken Outdoor Autoflower wünsche: robust, vital und voller Wachstumskraft. Jetzt freue ich mich auf die nächsten Wochen, denn schon bald dürfte die Vorblüte beginnen und die eigentliche Show kann starten. Vielen Dank fürs Vorbeischauen und bis zum nächsten Update! 💚🍋🍒 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- After an exciting week and an amazing weekend at the Mary Jane Expo in Berlin, it's finally time for another update on my three Lemon Cherry Cookies. The plants continue to perform beautifully and have put on some impressive growth over the last few days. The Low Stress Training is clearly paying off, with side branches starting to catch up and creating a much wider structure. What started as small seedlings is slowly turning into a beautiful outdoor canopy. One thing that stands out is the overall vigor of all three plants. Leaf color remains healthy, new growth is strong, and there are no signs of significant stress. Even the plant that started off growing a little differently is now showing plenty of character and catching up nicely. The LST is helping distribute light evenly across the entire plant, allowing more future bud sites to receive direct sunlight. This is exactly the stage where the foundation for a productive flowering period is built. So far, the Lemon Cherry Cookies are showing everything I want from an outdoor autoflower: strength, resilience, and vigorous growth. I'm really looking forward to the next few weeks because pre-flowering should be just around the corner and the real show is about to begin. Thank you for following along and happy growing! 💚🍋🍒🌱

12/21 - Transplanting into a 7 gallon pot (coco/per) - increasing feeds starting tomorrow - swapped lights running the Marshydro 150W full spec - Did some light defoliation 😎😎😎😎😎

When you grow you get hobbies! it ignites a fire! A year ago i got a kickstarter and it finally came! An automated mushroom fruiting chamber. I thought it would be fun so i picked it up and My Journey w/ Gourmet Mushrooms... and soon other mushrooms!!!!! ______________________________________________ Didnt even make it the week before the pink oyster was done!!! Crazy quick and crazy delicious! We'll see what the lions mane does

Have been clearing out a lot leaves and branches, decided to just LST on one plant and Fiming on the other one. And training have been applied to all plants.

Mother of seeds has gone purple. Waiting for tricombes to get a little more amber. A very aesthetic plant

The stretch is starting to slow down (thank goodness because the Vanilla Frosting is about ready to grow through the light lol she STRETCHED). Overall I am very happy with how each is developing. The front right Hella Jelly is starting to give off a great candy nose. I’ve been defoliating like a madman to keep airflow high. This week brought a lot of rain and high humidity to my area. I have a new dehumidifier coming for my lung room, which should be getting here Tuesday. It should be strong enough to keep the humidity low enough to finish flower strong and avoid any bud rot or powdery mildew…Until then, the inline fans are cranked, the wind is blowing and I’m plucking leaves like crazy 🤪 Happy Growing!