The mother will definitely start to flower on same timeline as other plants in the same 12/12 environment.
the clones will focus on roots before it tries to flower. I'd wager it will show signs but might be delayed by comparison. Growth above ground slows significantly with a clone, so it's probably biologically in flower but won't show much until it has some roots. This may also reduce probability of success for clones too.
A long enough, uninterrupted period of darkness causes a hormonal balance in the plant to shift. This is part of a feedback loop that then causes growth to shift from stem elongation and leaf growth (akak vegetative growth) to flower growth. If you give it long enough darkness it will flower - usually only needs 10+ hours, but 12 ensures that all varieties flip to flower as this can vary be where the genes came from.. i've even read that some rarer varieties will flower on 15/9. 12/12 is safe and as long as you provide the same DLI, the longer options are of no benefit.