What's in the soil? What's not in the soil would be an easier question to answer. 16-18 DLI @ the minute. +++ as she grows. Probably not recommended, but to get to where it needs to be, I need to start now. Vegetative @1400ppm 0.8–1.2 kPa 80–86°F (26.7–30°C) 65–75%, LST Day 10, Fim'd Day 11 CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity): This is a measure of a soil's ability to hold and exchange positively charged nutrients, like calcium, magnesium, and potassium. Soils with high CEC (more clay and organic matter) have more negative charges that attract and hold these essential nutrients, preventing them from leaching away. Biochar is highly efficient at increasing cation exchange capacity (CEC) compared to many other amendments. Biochar's high CEC potential stems from its negatively charged functional groups, and studies show it can increase CEC by over 90%. Amendments like compost also increase CEC but are often more prone to rapid biodegradation, which can make biochar's effect more long-lasting. biochar acts as a long-lasting Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) enhancer because its porous, carbon-rich structure provides sites for nutrients to bind to, effectively improving nutrient retention in soil without relying on the short-term benefits of fresh organic matter like compost or manure. Biochar's stability means these benefits last much longer than those from traditional organic amendments, making it a sustainable way to improve soil fertility, water retention, and structure over time. Needs to be charged first, similar to Coco, or it will immobilize cations, but at a much higher ratio. a high cation exchange capacity (CEC) results in a high buffer protection, meaning the soil can better resist changes in pH and nutrient availability. This is because a high CEC soil has more negatively charged sites to hold onto essential positively charged nutrients, like calcium and magnesium, and to buffer against acid ions, such as hydrogen. EC (Electrical Conductivity): This measures the amount of soluble salts in the soil. High EC levels indicate a high concentration of dissolved salts and can be a sign of potential salinity issues that can harm plants. The stored cations associated with a medium's cation exchange capacity (CEC) do not directly contribute to a real-time electrical conductivity (EC) reading. A real-time EC measurement reflects only the concentration of free, dissolved salt ions in the water solution within the medium. 98% of a plants nutrients comes directly from the water solution. 2% come directly from soil particles. CEC is a mediums storage capacity for cations. These stored cations do not contribute to a mediums EC directly. Electrical Conductivity (EC) does not measure salt ions adsorbed (stored) onto a Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) site, as EC measures the conductivity of ions in solution within a soil or water sample, not those held on soil particles. A medium releases stored cations to water by ion exchange, where a new, more desirable ion from the water solution temporarily displaces the stored cation from the medium's surface, a process also seen in plants absorbing nutrients via mass flow. For example, in water softeners, sodium ions are released from resin beads to bond with the medium's surface, displacing calcium and magnesium ions which then enter the water. This same principle applies when plants take up nutrients from the soil solution: the cations are released from the soil particles into the water in response to a concentration equilibrium, and then moved to the root surface via mass flow. An example of ion exchange within the context of Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) is a soil particle with a negative charge attracting and holding positively charged nutrient ions, like potassium (K+) or calcium (Ca2+), and then exchanging them for other positive ions present in the soil solution. For instance, a negatively charged clay particle in soil can hold a K+ ion and later release it to a plant's roots when a different cation, such as calcium (Ca2+), is abundant and replaces the potassium. This process of holding and swapping positively charged ions is fundamental to soil fertility, as it provides plants with essential nutrients. Negative charges on soil particles: Soil particles, particularly clay and organic matter, have negatively charged surfaces due to their chemical structure. Attraction of cations: These negative charges attract and hold positively charged ions, or cations, such as: Potassium (K+) Calcium (Ca2+) Magnesium (Mg2+) Sodium (Na+) Ammonium (NH4+) Plant roots excrete hydrogen ions (H+) through the action of proton pumps embedded in the root cell membranes, which use ATP (energy) to actively transport H+ ions from inside the root cell into the surrounding soil. This process lowers the pH of the soil, which helps to make certain mineral nutrients, such as iron, more available for uptake by the plant. Mechanism of H+ Excretion Proton Pumps: Root cells contain specialized proteins called proton pumps (H+-ATPases) in their cell membranes. Active Transport: These proton pumps use energy from ATP to actively move H+ ions from the cytoplasm of the root cell into the soil, against their concentration gradient. Role in pH Regulation: This active excretion of H+ is a major way plants regulate their internal cytoplasmic pH. Nutrient Availability: The resulting decrease in soil pH makes certain essential mineral nutrients, like iron, more soluble and available for the root cells to absorb. Ion Exchange: The H+ ions also displace positively charged mineral cations from the soil particles, making them available for uptake. Iron Uptake: In response to iron deficiency stress, plants enhance H+ excretion and reductant release to lower the pH and convert Fe3+ to the more available form Fe2+. The altered pH can influence the activity and composition of beneficial microbes in the soil. The H+ gradient created by the proton pumps can also be used for other vital cell functions, such as ATP synthesis and the transport of other solutes. The hydrogen ions (H+) excreted during photosynthesis come from the splitting of water molecules. This splitting, called photolysis, occurs in Photosystem II to replace the electrons used in the light-dependent reactions. The released hydrogen ions are then pumped into the thylakoid lumen, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis. Plants release hydrogen ions (H+) from their roots into the soil, a process that occurs in conjunction with nutrient uptake and photosynthesis. These H+ ions compete with mineral cations for the negatively charged sites on soil particles, a phenomenon known as cation exchange. By displacing beneficial mineral cations, the excreted H+ ions make these nutrients available for the plant to absorb, which can also lower the soil pH and indirectly affect its Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) by altering the pool of exchangeable cations in the soil solution. Plants use proton (H+) exudation, driven by the H+-ATPase enzyme, to release H+ ions into the soil, creating a more acidic rhizosphere, which enhances nutrient availability and influences nutrient cycling processes. This acidification mobilizes insoluble nutrients like iron (Fe) by breaking them down, while also facilitating the activity of beneficial microbes involved in the nutrient cycle. Therefore, H+ exudation is a critical plant strategy for nutrient acquisition and management, allowing plants to improve their access to essential elements from the soil. A lack of water splitting during photosynthesis can affect iron uptake because the resulting energy imbalance disrupts the plant's ability to produce ATP and NADPH, which are crucial for overall photosynthetic energy conversion and can trigger a deficiency in iron homeostasis pathways. While photosynthesis uses hydrogen ions produced from water splitting for the Calvin cycle, not to create a hydrogen gas deficiency, the overall process is sensitive to nutrient availability, and iron is essential for chloroplast function. In photosynthesis, water is split to provide electrons to replace those lost in Photosystem II, which is triggered by light absorption. These electrons then travel along a transport chain to generate ATP (energy currency) and NADPH (reducing power). Carbon Fixation: The generated ATP and NADPH are then used to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates in the Calvin cycle. Impaired water splitting (via water in or out) breaks the chain reaction of photosynthesis. This leads to an imbalance in ATP and NADPH levels, which disrupts the Calvin cycle and overall energy production in the plant. Plants require a sufficient supply of essential mineral elements like iron for photosynthesis. Iron is vital for chlorophyll formation and plays a crucial role in electron transport within the chloroplasts. The complex relationship between nutrient status and photosynthesis is evident when iron deficiency can be reverted by depleting other micronutrients like manganese. This highlights how nutrient homeostasis influences photosynthetic function. A lack of adequate energy and reducing power from photosynthesis, which is directly linked to water splitting, can trigger complex adaptive responses in the plant's iron uptake and distribution systems. Plants possess receptors called transceptors that can directly detect specific nutrient concentrations in the soil or within the plant's tissues. These receptors trigger signaling pathways, sometimes involving calcium influx or changes in protein complex activity, that then influence nutrient uptake by the roots. Plants use this information to make long-term adjustments, such as Increasing root biomass to explore more soil for nutrients. Modifying metabolic pathways to make better use of available resources. Adjusting the rate of nutrient transport into the roots. That's why I keep a high EC. Abundance resonates Abundance.

Welcome to Flower Week 6 and harvest of Divine Seeds Auto White Widow For this competition, I’ve chosen the Feminized Automatic strain: Auto White Widow Here’s what I’m working with: • 🌱 Tent: 120x60x80 • 🧑‍🌾 Breeder Company: Divine Seeds • 💧 Humidity Range: 50 • ⏳ Flowering Time: 58 Days • Strain Info: 20%THC • 🌡️ Temperature: 26 • 🍵 Pot Size: 3 • Nutrient Brand: Narcos • ⚡ Lights : 200W x 2 A huge thank you to Divine Seeds for allowing me to be a part of this amazing competition and Sponsoring the Strains. Big thanks for supporting the grower community worldwide! Your genetics and passion speak for themselves! I would truly appreciate every bit of feedback, help, questions, or discussions – and of course, your likes and interactions mean the world to me as I try to stand out in this exciting competition! Let’s grow together – and don’t forget to stop by again to see the latest updates! Happy growing! Stay lifted and stay curious! Peace & Buds!

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A lot has changed since I started this grow, switch from super soil to coco in a drip to waste. I had started maker her a large bonsai plant in soil but had stopped for a while after transplanting to coco, her growth is was so incredible that I decided to work on her and bring her down a bit. Ever since the switch to coco the growth has increased greatly and will be flipping to flower in a few more weeks.

For the first time, I tried working with enzymes in the irrigation water. These are supposed to break down dead roots and plant material in the soil and make it available to the plant as food. I'm curious to see how it goes. After the first three weeks of light changeover the flower transformation is done. Now it is the right time for defoliation and lollopoping. In case cherry high lollipopping wasn’t necessary I only removed one or two popcorn buds and a few leaves. Light Power: 100% Day 72 Flower day 29 Photoshooting Defoliaton

30 días del cambio de fotoperiodo Hemos tenido humedad extrema en esta floración , hasta 78% de humedad , queriendo obtener menos de 50% en todo este segundo mes de vida para las #lemonking @eva_seeds 🏆💡Bajo el mejor mix de luces del mercado 480w 3500k💯 #samsungquantumboards UV / 660 / iR 👈🏼💥 #epistar Posible gracias a los grandes @leds.mk . 🦐🍤S.A.R mode on! Libre de patógenos y libre de stress gracias a @trichomemania y el poderoso quitosano , manteniendo a las plantas firmes y de tallos fuertes ! Ademas beneficia en resina + tricomas + terpenos ! Uuuuffff! . Cada vez menos , te amo y amaré en los buenos momentos y malos que pasamos , ha sido un lindo proyecto y la verdad me encantó cultivar una sativa como esta en mi primera vez . Amen , acepten y fluyan. Tierra madre y sol padre , bendecidos gracias a tu bello paraíso ... 👉🏼estamos en #growdiaries con el mismo nombre @greenwolvesfarmer 👈🏼🙅‍♀️ . . . . #seguimientomkled #cannabisfamily #greenwolvesfarmer #weedgrower #cultivoindoor #cultivointerior #indoorgarden #ledchile #cultivoledchile #chilecultivoled #cultivamedicina #medicinanatural #chilecultiva #nomaspresosporplantar #growdiaries #growdiary #cannabisgrowers #quantumboard #chileautocultivo #480w #quantumboards #comunidadcannabica #cannabiscomunity #evaseeds #mkledchile #ledpanel #mkled

21.06. Cherry Poppers 1# Day 56# Cherry Poppers 2# Day 53# With a little delay because I'm a lazy stoned person, and in addition the responsibilities regarding the plants are already starting to grow, and I also have a lot of work around the garden and then I don't always arrive in time to release the update. The plants are progressing well, but now they are already hungry, so the next watering is for food. Two days ago they were topped for the third time, I also topped the two highest side branches. Yesterday was the end of their eighth week, the pictures are also from yesterday. Last night I sprayed them with SMC for prevention, but none of those pests can harm the plant outside as well as inside..first of all, the plants are much bigger, and therefore have much more leaf mass, and secondly, it is nature, there are many of them in nature, the only thing that can destroy them all are caterpillars during flowering and mold when the humidity is too high or when there are frequent rains, everything else does not worry me at all. Tomorrow I will move them somewhere where there is a lot less grass because now they have already filled this space and they can't expand any further, so in order for them not to get too long and to go wider I have to move them where the grass and other plants won't bother them. Stay High and Keep Growing!!!

Week 6, quick root flash. All going very well the nutrients are at 2.5ml/l now, vita race weekly, bacillus mix. Plant started to flower properly and the stretch is on its way. Water at ph 6-6.5. I always try to keep the bottom clean so I do multiple clean ups of lower leaves and braches every week. Also doing this focuses the energy of the plant to the top and she doesn't waste time making popcorn buds.

Getting a good spread on the canopy with LST. Added Recharge to the mix after defoliation.

Последняя неделя перед переводом на цвет и первая для репорта. Провел дефолиацию нижних и верхних веерных листов и фиминг верхушек у 3х цветков.

Que pasa familia, vamos con la quinta semana de floración de estas Papaya sherbet feminizadas de fastbuds. Vamos al lío, de las 3 plantas, me quede con 2 por espacio, siempre pongo alguna semilla de más por si no abriese alguna por no perder ese hueco del indoor. También se trasplantaron a su maceta definitiva, en este caso de 7 litros, que el mismo trasplante provocó un shock, que también fue solucionado inmediatamente. El ph se controla en 6.2 , la temperatura la tenemos entre 20/22 grados y la humedad ronda el 50%. Las flores empezaron a formarse y progresan a buen ritmo. Hasta aquí todo, Buenos humos 💨💨💨

Vier Wochen sind rum, und die Babys sind offiziell in die Pubertät gekommen! Schaut euch nur diese Blattmasse an – meine Early Skunks explodieren förmlich und bilden einen dicken, gesunden Busch. 🔪 Die Topping-Operation Wichtiges Update: Eine der beiden Diven hat heute einen kleinen chirurgischen Eingriff bekommen: ein Topping! Sie ist jetzt offiziell die "Zwei-Kopf-Pflanze" und bereitet sich darauf vor, ihre Energie in die Breite zu schicken, um einen monströsen Busch zu bilden. Die andere genießt noch ihren natürlichen Wuchs, aber ich beobachte sie genau. 🚿 Generalinventur und Algen-Check Pünktlich zum Start der neuen Woche gab es die obligatorische Generalreinigung der DWC-Anlage. Der Tank ist blitzblank und bereit für die nächste Wachstums-Runde. Das 4-Wochen-Menü à la Hesi Der Nährstoff-Tank wurde nach Hesi-Anleitung für die 4. Vegi-Woche frisch aufgesetzt. Die Kleinen kriegen jetzt den vollen Speiseplan, um noch mehr Power zu entwickeln. Die aktuellen Klimadaten im Profi-Check: • Lufttemperatur: Konstante 26–27°C – Perfekt zum "Chillen" und Wachsen. • Luftfeuchtigkeit (RLF): 55–60% – Optimal für die Vegi-Phase. • Wassertemperatur: 19°C – Absolut top! So bleiben die Wurzeln glücklich, weiß und frei von unerwünschten Besuchern. • Licht-Power: Mit 450 µMol ist die Lichtintensität ideal. 🤯 Wurzel-Alarm! Die Wurzeln sind ein wahres Kunstwerk – dicht, buschig und strahlend weiß. Ein klareres Zeichen für gesunde DWC-Arbeit.

Very healthy gal. Growing aggressively.

A few days late with the update but the pics and recording is from day 42 of flower

Helllllo! Fuck that storm! Almost had no power, luckily... and I mean LUCKILY, the power stayed on, but dayyyum was it nasty. Had issues with 1 plant not getting enough light... so I got another 600w. The 450w is great, for 1 plant. No longer a problem, but had some leggy ladies on 1 plant due to this issue. Buds are forming nicely, but non-the-less, MOAR LIGHTS. Advanced Nutrients is fuckin' ridiculous. I can't say enough good things. Just keep up with the diary, it's gonna get nusto pretty soon. 8/19: One of my AK-47 seeds all just showed their taproot. She's been put in her jiffy pellets and I will be creating another diary shortly. The rest is on cruise control bayyybayyyy! ***At this stage, being my first grow, I finally visualized what and why the "Scrog Method" works. It's fucking insane how you can build a canopy to bush out and be so top-friendly. I'll be sure to use this method... eventually! It was just a nice "lightbulb" moment of understanding reality vs. research.

Took the top off giving the rest of the plant a few more days and then I’ll get her dried cured and tested, update to come.. 58g dried will update again once cured n tested. Tester bud was POTENT very mouth watering straight head high leading to relaxed body high very creamy smoke my best grow so far love it. After a few days curing the smell of sweet coffee coming through fills the room with the smell.

Sorry I couldn’t get a lot of pics this week been busy planning the drying process for this one and they are getting cut down tomorrow ! Well some of them are! Bye bye biscotti mintz 1/2 and GMO Punch #4

Привет садоводы ! Началась новая неделя растения немного подросли и я пересадил их в горшки побольше Сегодня я решил обрезать растения для дальнейшего формирования

Hi fellow Organic growers. Another week gone and we are into really early flowering. Will be starting Royal Queen Seeds Bloom tablets this week. She stretched so nicely this week that she feeling up her 11 pod, I was also able to do LST every other day. I used HST on 2 middle branches just to slow them down and be able to LST them to. All looking great so far. Day 25 from seed extensive LST with slight defoliation. I am expecting another 2 weeks off stretching so will only LST slightly for better light penetration and air circulation I am happy how she has spread for me by now and with all the potential bud sites she looks stunning. Midweek update day 29 from seed sprouting. Last 4 pictures in diary. Think I have a happy plant. Started Bloom 2 days ago. Hope you all have a great week and Happy Growing Buddy's.