KICKASS AUTO by KANNABIA Week #8 May 21st-28th Week # Flower This week she continues to fill in her where it counts her bud sites are getting thick and her trichomes are like sugar dust and she getting a nice little arouma about her. She's got evenly spaced bud sites that run down the stem she's in a AC INFINTY 3 gallon cloth pot feeding her nuts twice a week until run off then water every other day. Thank you for stopping by!! Stay Growing!! Kannabia.com Kickass Auto

Helllooo 🌿 schönen Sonntag zusammen =) 🌱 Wochenupdate Eine ziemlich ruhige Woche alles in allem 🙂 Montags habe ich mich entschieden, auf 12/12 zu stellen 🌙✨ Ich hatte eigentlich überlegt, noch eine Woche länger Veg laufen zu lassen, nur wurde mir in den Kommentaren (wofür ich wirklich dankbar bin 🙏) dazu geraten, den Stretch zu respektieren, und das wollte ich dann auch besser mal machen 😄😄 Habe persönlich keinerlei Erfahrung mit den Genetiken, da freut man sich über jeden Tipp 🌱😊 Mittlerweile ist es auch nur noch ein Teppich =D.. Daher ist es mir leider nicht mehr möglich, jede Plant einzeln zu zeigen...Ab der Blüte dann wieder =D 🌿 Pflanzenstatus & Training Aktuell schiebe ich jeden Tag die Triebe, die über das Netz gehen, wieder drunter und lenke sie in die gewünschte Richtung =) Das Ganze mache ich 2-mal am Tag – einmal Pflanzen-Morgen und einmal Abend. Hab immer das Gefühl, dass sich überhaupt nichts tut dadurch 😅 Aber man kann schon einigermaßen erkennen auf den Bildern, dass sie sich langsam Richtung Ränder schieben 📈 Darüber hinaus entferne ich hier und da größere Blätter, die zu viele Triebe beschatten. Die Sides ziehe ich per Hand immer etwas aus der Mitte heraus =) 🔧 System Läuft alles wie gehabt =) Die regelmäßigen Top-Ups halten die Nährstofflösung auf Kurs 💧📊 Dabei lasse ich den EC um etwa 0.10 absinken, bevor ich ihn wieder hochziehe. Ich dosiere die Top-Ups aktuell etwas höher, da sich in den Messdaten ein erhöhter Nährstoffverbrauch abgezeichnet hat, was ja auch zum zeitlichen Entwicklungsstand passt 🌱🔥 Was meinen inneren Monk echt befriedigt, ist, dass es immer dieselben Intervalle mit denselben Werten sind – ich liebe so Shit 😄📏 Von der letzten Shift-Lösung aus arbeite ich aktuell mit Erhaltungs-Top-Ups, die den täglichen Verbrauch ausgleichen und den EC konstant im Zielbereich halten 💧⚖️😊 Theorie hat sich auf jeden Fall bestätigt: Ca/Mg ist durch und es läuft bzw. blubbert wie es soll 🫧🙂 Da ich schon auch ein bisschen lazy bin hier und da 😅, ist nur jede 2. Lösung eine größere Menge (20–30 Liter). Dazwischen gebe ich immer eine konzentrierte 5-Liter-Lösung, um den EC konstant zu halten💧 Ich denke aber auch, dass das so oder so ein guter Ansatz ist, damit die biologische Aktivität im System stabil bleibt und nicht ständig durcheinandergebracht wird =) Licht im Canopy ist nach wie vor 800 PPFD, 1.0 kPa VPD, und mit den zwei CO₂-Bags kommen wir im Durchschnitt auf etwa 700-800 ppm 🌿 🔮 Ausblick Training, Training, Training 💪🌱 Aufbau der Canopy, Füllen der Ränder + selektives Entfernen von größeren Blättern 🍃✂️ Freu mich auf die große Defo, wenn der Stretch durch ist – unterm Netz ist echt ein Urwald 😂🌴 💚 Special Mention Ich bin so froh, hier endlich mal reinschreiben zu können, dass sie sich gut macht 😄💚 Sie hat mir verziehen. Klar, sie ist nicht so groß wie ihre Schwestern, aber sie streckt sich auch Richtung Netz und sieht alles in allem wieder vital aus 🌿💪 – nur eben etwas kleiner. Aber who cares 😄💚 Ich hab so viele graue Haare durch diesen durchwachsenen Keimungsprozess, das permanente Nachhinken, den Krüppelwuchs am Anfang, meine Fehler und ihre Reaktion darauf 😅 …dass ich mir aktuell überlege, 4 davon zu starten 😄🔥 Ich bin mir sicher, dass sie richtig gut performen kann 🌱💥 ✨ Vielen Dank fürs Lesen, euch eine schöne Woche und gesunde Plants 🌿😊💚

I don’t think I ever had white powdery mildew and I was just noid of every little dust particle that came around. All good. I’m now battling high temps as we don’t have central air and it’s mid 90s outside. Most likely about to buy an ac unit. LST seemed to go ok but we shall see. Overall very pleased w my results so far. Cheers

***** Week 11 growth - February 13 to 19, 2021 - Week 2 Flower ***** This girl is looking very nice but she is the shortest of the bunch. She has not growing out as wide and tall as the other girls in the tent but that could have changed with an extra week of Veg. 8 weeks from seed was quite quick to throw a girl into flower so it’s all good.....just noting it👍😃 2nd SCROG layer in now....finally😞 Lots of work to do in cleaning up the lower leaves next week. Will do larger leaf strip and lolipoping when they start focusing more on bud development. Light is at 24” only pulling 310 watt, and the meter at the tops of the girls is roughly 28,500LUX. It is feeling like it’s a little strong for them but it’s close......the curling leaves is slowly increasing on the tops. By the end of the week we are at 400watts and reading 38,500LUX, this should be roughly 980 umol/s/m2.......over 900 and less than 1,000.......should be good for going into week 3. Nutrients switched over to flower schedule and following week 2.....but so-called back a couple of items. Adding some other items beyond IPP line so backing off some of the ppm to compensate. Still only one “feeding” per week. Early flower so hitting the microbes a little harder this week and next and then slowly start backing off. I like Remo’s Natures Candy for sweetener because it has humic, sweetener and old school molasses, amongst other things to feed the microbes as they are in coco. Bud Fusion being used now for pk boost.........no more “red kool-aid”😂 Still adding Rezin from Green Planet becuase it seems to boost my trichome quantity.....Terpinator likely this week as well......increase some of the sulfer to increase aromas. Little more detail....... Feb 13/21 - Day 8 - 3.5L watering with CalMag @ 1ml, Nature’s Candy @ 1ml, Resin @ 1.5ml Feb 14/21 - Day 9 - 2nd SCROG added today.....finally. Plucked a bunch more leaves in the process - watering with microbes only today. Recharge has some molasses in it so just adding that. - 4L water for these girls with Recharge @ 1/2 tsp/gal - 320ppm and 6.0pH Feb 15/21 - Day 10 - today is big feed day....its been 7 days. - 3L each girl with all the IPP line as listed plus silica @ 1ml, Nature’s Candy @ 1ml. (Bud Fusion was 0.2gr/L) - 1325ppm and 6.0pH - Girls gave run off at 3L today so didn’t push past that. Feb 16/21 - Day 11 - some feed left from yesterday so added 6L of plain water to dilute it and watered into the girls tonight. - 3L full feed of nutrients for each girl - 800ppm and 6.1pH Feb 17/21 - Day 12 - 3L each girl with Terpinator and CalMag @ 2ml, Nature’s Candy @ 1ml, Recharge @ 1/2 tsp/gal - 775ppm and 6.1pH - increased light power to 350 watts. Now at 32,500LUX.......take it slow over the next week and keep creeping up. Leaves have a bit of a taco shape coming out and looking fairly serrated at the edges.....pushing the light intensity on the tops👍 - leaf colour on the girls is very good......tips are not burnt either. Feb 18/21 - Day 13 -3L each girl of plain water today - added beneficial bacteria and enzymes @ 1.5ml - 330ppm and 5.9pH - was looking for a little lower pH as I have not been checking runoff. - have to do a leaf strip this weekend......start of week 3. - light power increased again, 400 watts now. Feb 19/21 - Day 14 - day out day.......they have not had one in a bit. - humidity was higher today as door to grow room closed today to assist clones with more humidity. So that takes us through two weeks of flower now. Not knowing this strain enough yet, I suspect feeding will stop at the end of week 6. That leaves four more weeks. I will treat the next two weeks like mid flower for nutes, and the following two weeks as late flower. Feed supplements accordingly. She is a nice plant and looking forward to seeing how her buds form. Looking good ETS!

A couple of days ago I got home and a sublime smell of coffee pervaded the area. Smell it smells you I came to understand what was good when I started the flush of our wonderful Auto test #1. The colors have come out forcefully both in the hair and the leaves have taken on a fantastic color, the maturation at the top is practically finished at the bottom something is missing, the plant still drinks a lot and we are flushing as if there were no tomorrow. We don't know what this beauty is GHSC mouths are rightly kitchens because it will be out very soon we are sure of one thing, a smell of coffee that makes me tear my underwear, wonderful. Auto test #2 is a week late but because I planted her quite later, she has now started to apply color but she has been throwing resin everywhere for a while, she too will be scary. There is a lot of good seed bank but only one is of the King. https://greenhouseseeds.nl/ Love this Farm! https://www.mars-hydro.com/

Very easy genetics did only topping at 21st day and just light feed throughout,she is very thirsty for cal-mag from early flowers ,not very much purple going on but i can see some pink going around ,produced very big colas ,now whole plant hanging to dry for about 7-10 days and will update soon 🌞🌞💚✂️😍 End result im pretty happy with love the purple colours too will defo run this again 💚💚💨🍑

Hello, my amazing green-thumbed friends! Welcome to the Week 1 flower report for our beloved P.C.R.s. The transition from veg to flower is a magical time, and our plants are already showing signs of their future glory. Let’s dive into the exciting details of this week! Entering the Flower Stage Our P.C.R.s have officially entered the flowering stage, and the transformation is already visible. The stretch has begun, and you can see the plants reaching up, preparing to produce those beautiful buds we’re all waiting for. This stage is all about supporting their growth and ensuring they have everything they need to thrive. NutriSpray Magic This week, we’ve been diligently spraying Aptus Holland NutriSpray, and the results are phenomenal. NutriSpray is like a spa treatment for our plants, providing essential micronutrients directly to the leaves. It helps with nutrient uptake, reduces stress, and boosts overall plant health. Our P.C.R.s are absolutely loving it, standing tall and proud with their leaves praying to the light. Nutrient Transition With the start of the flowering stage, we’ve made some important adjustments to our nutrient regimen. We’ve stopped using StartBooster and replaced it with TopBooster, which promotes flowering and bud formation. Additionally, we’ve introduced P-Boost, a phosphorus booster that enhances root development and flower production. TopBooster: Encourages larger and more abundant flowers. P-Boost: Provides essential phosphorus for robust root and flower development. NutriSpray: Continues to support overall plant health and stress reduction. Optimal Conditions Maintaining the perfect environment is crucial as we move into the flowering stage. Our TDS is now at 360, with a pH of 5.9 and a temperature of 21°C for watering. These conditions are optimal for nutrient uptake and overall plant health, ensuring our P.C.R.s have everything they need to produce those beautiful, resinous buds. Care and Attention Paying close attention to our plants during this stage is key. Regularly inspecting for any signs of stress or nutrient deficiencies and adjusting care as needed ensures our plants stay happy and healthy. The love and care we put into this process are reflected in the vibrant health of our plants. In Conclusion Week 1 of flowering has been all about setting the stage for a bountiful harvest. With the help of Aptus Holland NutriSpray, TopBooster, and P-Boost, along with our careful attention, our P.C.R.s are off to a fantastic start. The excitement is building, and I can’t wait to see how they develop in the coming weeks. Shout Outs A huge shout out to @aptusholland, our main sponsor, for their incredible products that keep our plants thriving. Another big thank you to @artgenetix for creating the phenomenal P.C.R. strain. And to the wonderful community at Grow Diaries and all our followers, your support and enthusiasm keep us going. Let's continue to grow together! Until next time, happy growing, and may your gardens be full with love and green! Genetics - P.C.R. @Art_Genetix_Team https://artgenetix.world/ Nutricion @aptusholland https://aptus-holland.com/ LED Power @Lumatek and @viparspectra As always thank you all for stopping by , for the love and for it all, i fell blessed to have you all with me for one more love journey Thank you Thank you Thank you , you guys are great and have been amazing , thank you for everything ! #aptus #aptusplanttech #aptusgang #aptusfamily #aptustrueplantscience #inbalancewithnature #trueplantscience #dogdoctorofficial #growerslove
 With true love comes happiness , Always believe in your self and always do things expecting nothing and with an open heart , be a giver and the universe will give back to you in ways you could not even imagine so ! Growers love to you all

Hi all the happy people here in GrowDiaries. This is my second cultivation ever and it will be fun to try a bigger space than my closet grow. First, I'm just going to say I'm done with the construction of my new growroom. I put some pictures on the construction here in week one. The room is 2.14 meters by 1.7 meters and has a ceiling height of 2 meters. It provides a floor area of ​​3.6 square meters. I use a 54 Watt Lightwawe T5 for germination and 2 Pcs 400 Watt HPS lamps. I have a channel fan that replaces the room air about 40 times an hour to get a comfortable theme in the room, the air enters a fresh air intake from the outside. The air is purified through a carbon filter to then leave the room to the rest of the basement. Then I use that heat to heat the rest of the basement. I will use 8 pcs 15 liter Autopots to grow with and a 100 liter water tank that supplies the pots of water and nutrition. I will grow completely organically in soil and will watercure my buds to get the best possible medicine for me. But there are no cultivation rooms to be displayed here, so I continue with what is most important. I am very excited to see how the new growroom will work and how this Blue cheese Auto from Royal queen seeds will turn out. Blue Cheese automatic cannabis seeds are a cross of Blueberry Automatic and Cheese Automatic that has been perfected over five years of breeding and careful selection. The result is a feminized, autoflowering strain with superior yield, flavor, and effects to either of its distinguished parent strains. THC: 16% CBD: Low Yield Indoor : 325 - 375 gr/m2 Yield Outdoor: 60 - 110 gr/plant Height Indoor: 40 - 70 cm Height Outdoor: 60 - 110 cm Flowering: 7 - 8 weeks Harvest month: 9-10 weeks after planting Genetic Background: Blueberry x Cheese x Ruderalis Type: Sa 35% In 40% Ru 25% Effect: Cerebral and uplifting Climate: Mild ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2017-09-18. Week 5 starts and the girls are doing fine. Girl Nr 1 is 37 cm high, Nr 2 is 88 cm and Nr 3 is 23 cm. Did a lot of defoliation. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2017-09-19. 2 new fans is installed in the grow room. Added pic and video. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2017-09-20. Kl 10.00. New pics and video. Girl Nr 1 is 39 cm high, Nr2 is 99 and Nr 3 is 21 cm. Kl 23.00. Did some massive defoliation, added video and pics ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2017-09-22. The girls have recovered well after my massive defoliation. Girl number 1 is now 40 cm high, number 2 is 105 cm and number 3 is 25 cm. It is strange that 3 plants from the same strain, with the same care and environment, can distinguish so much in appearance and size. It separates 80 cm in numbers 2 and 3. In 4 days Nr1 has grown 3 cm, Nr 2 has grown 17 cm and Nr 3 has grown 4 cm. They have received 7 liters of water and nutrition today.

Day 60 11/27/20 welcome to week 10 I had a busy week last week trying to counter my cal/mag problem but I feel I'm making headway and she looks to be still growing good. I have been making changes to the nute level's that I think will work out for the best. I'm adding overdrive to the nutes this week as well. as always feel free to comment and keep your stick on the ice

Start of Flower Ppfd avg. 700 Soaked pot until saturated. Started my Flower Foliar Spray right before lights out. I will Spray plants once a week for 4 weeks of Flower. Foliar Spray Recipe per 2L as follows: All Advanced Nutrients Products. 4ml Bud Ignitor 4ml Nirvana 4ml Bud Factor X 10ml B-52 Midweek update. Second round of foliar spray. Ladies loved the first round, went with a second. Ill do this twice a week until I'm through week 4 of Flower. Video is right after I sprayed for the 2nd round at 15 mins before lights out. Don't want all the foliar spray burning the ladies now do we.

BLÜTEWOCHE 7 trotz der hardcore probleme wachsen die buds. Es riecht nicht stark aber gut. die acapulco hat nen oldschool geruch mit leichtem kaffee caramel Unterton. die critical riecht auch eher old school mit süßer zitrone. die zkittlez riecht beerig, gasig. Alle buds sind kopakt. Die critical habe ich mit leitungswasser und ro Wasser auf ec 0.3 gebracht und erst mal gespült bis auf ec 2.0. ich werd morgen noch mal spülen bis der ec auf 1.2 ca ist..dann nur noch wasser. Acapulco und zkittlez brauchen 1 bis 2 wochen länger. Werd aber morgen auch die acp gold und zkittlez das erste mal spülen. Euch noch nen schönen 2. weihnachtstag 🎉

Week 7 As expected, Delta 9 by CBG just started to kick right in, look at those buds. I'm starting to use pH Perfect Connoisseur Bloom part A&B by Advanced Nutrients, this nute base it's being complemented with Big Bud and Nirvana also by AN. Bio-Grow by BioBizz about 1ml / lt. As an experiment, I'm using Delta 9 by CBG in "micro" dosage, about 0.5ml for the 4lt solution, instead of foliar irrigation every 10 days with a 4 to 6ml / lt solution. SOME BUDS looks like they're getting a lack or excess of nutrients by the yellow parts of the leaves, but actually, at those buds, I R.I.B pruned them. (R.I.B stands for "Right, I burned em" or something like that) This is not pruning as such, but a method of burning the upper pistils of the buds in development. These burns produce mitosis in the cells as the flower regenerates causing, theoretically, it to reach a much larger size than it would be in its initial state. Just experimental.

Finally harvested

The strain has proven to be extremely sturdy compared to the autoflower version. The smell has been a bit problematic. Some terpenes just can't seem to be tamed even with a brand new carbon air filter. I hope this pays off in terms of aroma quality :)

I decide to switch my light on 12/12 after exactly 5weeks. On this week I'm gonna start to adj more mills nutrients for the flowering.

Hey fellow green thumbs! 🌿💚 The day has finally come—our Auto Northern Dragon Fuel from Super Sativa Seed Club has been harvested! After an exciting journey, we’re thrilled to share the details of this incredible plant’s final stage. Let’s dive into the harvest report! 🌟 Harvest Details: Day 75: Harvest Day • Harvest Date: Day 75 • Harvest Method: Our beautiful Auto Northern Dragon Fuel was harvested yesterday. After weeks of careful nurturing, the time was right to bring in this amazing plant. 🌿🌼 • Preparation: Before hanging, we meticulously cleaned the plant, removing all leaves without trichomes to ensure a smooth drying process and to enhance the quality of the final product. 🌿✂️ Current Drying Process: • Method: The entire plant is now hanging upside down to dry. This method helps maintain moisture levels within the buds, allowing for a slower and more even drying process. 🌿🔄 • Environment: • Temperature: 18-22°C (65-72°F) • Humidity: 50-60% Maintaining these conditions is crucial for achieving a perfect dry and preserving the plant’s aromatic and flavorful profile. 🌡️💧 🌟 Plant and Bud Characteristics: Auto Northern Dragon Fuel: • Bud Structure: Dense and sticky, with an impressive trichome coverage. The buds are beautifully formed, showcasing the robust genetics of this strain. • Aroma: Even in the drying phase, the rich and potent aroma is unmistakable. Expect a delightful scent that hints at the powerful experience to come. • Trichomes: A thick layer of trichomes covers the buds, promising a potent final product with a great flavor profile. 🌿✨ 🌟 Care Tips: • Drying Process: Patience is key. Allowing the plant to dry slowly will enhance the final quality, preserving both flavor and potency. Ensure good airflow around the hanging plant to prevent mold and mildew. 🌬️💧 • Trimming: Once the drying process is complete (typically 10-14 days), it will be time to trim the buds. This is where we’ll shape the final product and get it ready for curing. ✂️🌿 • Curing: After trimming, curing the buds in jars for at least 2-4 weeks will further enhance the flavor and smoothness. This final step is essential for achieving the best possible smoking experience. 🍁 🌟 Genetics Spotlight: Auto Northern Dragon Fuel: • Characteristics: Known for its robust structure and dense buds, this strain has shown remarkable resilience and impressive bud development throughout the grow. The final product promises to be potent and flavorful, thanks to the thick trichome coverage and rich aroma. • Harvest Expectations: High-quality buds with a strong aroma and potent effects. The slow drying process will ensure the best possible preservation of cannabinoids and terpenes. 🌍🌿 Fun Fact: Did you know? 🌿✨ Drying the entire plant slowly helps retain more terpenes, which are responsible for the plant’s aroma and flavor. This method also helps preserve the potency and quality of the buds, resulting in a smoother and more enjoyable experience. For all the in-depth action and detailed explanations, head over to my YouTube channel! 🎥✨ I’m sharing all the tips, tricks, and step-by-step guides to help you get the best results from your grow. This week’s harvest has been particularly exciting, and there’s so much more to explore and learn together! 👉 Join me on YouTube Link in my profile 👈 🌟 Conclusion: Harvesting Auto Northern Dragon Fuel at Day 75 has been a rewarding experience. With the plant now drying, we’re eagerly awaiting the final product. Stay tuned for updates on the drying, trimming, and curing process, and get ready for a high-quality harvest! Happy growing, and see you next time! 🌿💚✨ #SuperSativaSeedClub #HarvestReport #NorthernDragonFuel #PlantMagic #GardeningJoy #NatureLovers #PlantPower #InspireGrow #YouTubeJourney

She grew fast, was no trouble. Vegged out around 30 days. Pre flower there wasn't much of a stretch because of the Flming. What was meant to happen was she was meant to stop cold in her tracks growing in height, and she was meant to throw out 4 nodes on top, (tis what happens when you Flming) i knew this wouldn't happen but I was hoping for 1 big superbud. But for that, the nodes needed to grow a few CM, especially the 2 end ones and they were meant to grow some and form a nice big bud on top. But I got a funny shaped unformed total bud. Its okay, it's frosty and she grew no issues, took everything like a champ, a bit of nutrient burn, but, I've come to take that with synthetic nutrients. Had a real easy time with this girl. Pity only 1 out of 3 seeds popped. Well, they popped but failed to throw out any leafs and just died. But for what I did get, I'm super happy with the results. Think she's my best looking grow so far. In the pic its 17g and I smoked more than that, how I know is cause all I had left was the top and I smoked more than half of the nodes while it was drying. She's my favourite so far from FB.

------------------------------------------------- Day 22 Water: N/A Humidifier: 45% (LOW-MIST) Fan Speed: High Light on @ 19:00 (26.4° celsius @ 48% RH) Light off @ 13:00 (22.8° celsius @ 56% RH) ------------------------------------------------- Day 23 Water: N/A Humidifier: 45% (LOW-MIST) Dehumidifier: On Fan Speed: High Light on @ 19:00 (27.6° celsius @ 46% RH) Light off @ 13:00 (27.1° celsius @ 51% RH) ------------------------------------------------- Day 24 Water: N/A Humidifier: 45% (LOW-MIST) Dehumidifier: On Fan Speed: High Light on @ 19:00 (26.2° celsius @ 51% RH) Light off @ 13:00 (22.7° celsius @ 40% RH) ------------------------------------------------- Day 25 (Feed day: 15 tbsp Worm castings + 5 tbsp 2-8-4 Gaia Green Power Bloom) Water: 0.5 Gallon RO water + 5ml Remo VeloKelp Humidifier: 50% (LOW-MIST) Dehumidifier: On Fan Speed: High Light on @ 19:00 (27.1° celsius @ 48% RH) Light off @ 13:00 (23.0° celsius @ 50% RH) ------------------------------------------------- Day 26 **LST** Water: N/A Humidifier: 50% (LOW-MIST) Dehumidifier: On Fan Speed: High Light on @ 19:00 (26.8° celsius @ 48% RH) Light off @ 13:00 (23.5° celsius @ 50% RH) ------------------------------------------------- Day 27 Water: N/A Humidifier: 50% (LOW-MIST) Dehumidifier: On Fan Speed: High Light on @ 19:00 (27.7° celsius @ 48% RH) Light off @ 13:00 (23.4° celsius @ 50% RH) ------------------------------------------------- Day 28 Water: N/A Humidifier: 50% (LOW-MIST) Dehumidifier: On Fan Speed: High Light on @ 19:00 (26.7° celsius @ 50% RH) Light off @ 13:00 (23.2° celsius @ 50% RH) -------------------------------------------------