What's in the soil? What's not in the soil would be an easier question to answer. 16-18 DLI @ the minute. +++ as she grows. Probably not recommended, but to get to where it needs to be, I need to start now. Vegetative @1400ppm 0.8–1.2 kPa 80–86°F (26.7–30°C) 65–75%, LST Day 10, Fim'd Day 11 CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity): This is a measure of a soil's ability to hold and exchange positively charged nutrients, like calcium, magnesium, and potassium. Soils with high CEC (more clay and organic matter) have more negative charges that attract and hold these essential nutrients, preventing them from leaching away. Biochar is highly efficient at increasing cation exchange capacity (CEC) compared to many other amendments. Biochar's high CEC potential stems from its negatively charged functional groups, and studies show it can increase CEC by over 90%. Amendments like compost also increase CEC but are often more prone to rapid biodegradation, which can make biochar's effect more long-lasting. biochar acts as a long-lasting Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) enhancer because its porous, carbon-rich structure provides sites for nutrients to bind to, effectively improving nutrient retention in soil without relying on the short-term benefits of fresh organic matter like compost or manure. Biochar's stability means these benefits last much longer than those from traditional organic amendments, making it a sustainable way to improve soil fertility, water retention, and structure over time. Needs to be charged first, similar to Coco, or it will immobilize cations, but at a much higher ratio. a high cation exchange capacity (CEC) results in a high buffer protection, meaning the soil can better resist changes in pH and nutrient availability. This is because a high CEC soil has more negatively charged sites to hold onto essential positively charged nutrients, like calcium and magnesium, and to buffer against acid ions, such as hydrogen. EC (Electrical Conductivity): This measures the amount of soluble salts in the soil. High EC levels indicate a high concentration of dissolved salts and can be a sign of potential salinity issues that can harm plants. The stored cations associated with a medium's cation exchange capacity (CEC) do not directly contribute to a real-time electrical conductivity (EC) reading. A real-time EC measurement reflects only the concentration of free, dissolved salt ions in the water solution within the medium. 98% of a plants nutrients comes directly from the water solution. 2% come directly from soil particles. CEC is a mediums storage capacity for cations. These stored cations do not contribute to a mediums EC directly. Electrical Conductivity (EC) does not measure salt ions adsorbed (stored) onto a Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) site, as EC measures the conductivity of ions in solution within a soil or water sample, not those held on soil particles. A medium releases stored cations to water by ion exchange, where a new, more desirable ion from the water solution temporarily displaces the stored cation from the medium's surface, a process also seen in plants absorbing nutrients via mass flow. For example, in water softeners, sodium ions are released from resin beads to bond with the medium's surface, displacing calcium and magnesium ions which then enter the water. This same principle applies when plants take up nutrients from the soil solution: the cations are released from the soil particles into the water in response to a concentration equilibrium, and then moved to the root surface via mass flow. An example of ion exchange within the context of Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) is a soil particle with a negative charge attracting and holding positively charged nutrient ions, like potassium (K+) or calcium (Ca2+), and then exchanging them for other positive ions present in the soil solution. For instance, a negatively charged clay particle in soil can hold a K+ ion and later release it to a plant's roots when a different cation, such as calcium (Ca2+), is abundant and replaces the potassium. This process of holding and swapping positively charged ions is fundamental to soil fertility, as it provides plants with essential nutrients. Negative charges on soil particles: Soil particles, particularly clay and organic matter, have negatively charged surfaces due to their chemical structure. Attraction of cations: These negative charges attract and hold positively charged ions, or cations, such as: Potassium (K+) Calcium (Ca2+) Magnesium (Mg2+) Sodium (Na+) Ammonium (NH4+) Plant roots excrete hydrogen ions (H+) through the action of proton pumps embedded in the root cell membranes, which use ATP (energy) to actively transport H+ ions from inside the root cell into the surrounding soil. This process lowers the pH of the soil, which helps to make certain mineral nutrients, such as iron, more available for uptake by the plant. Mechanism of H+ Excretion Proton Pumps: Root cells contain specialized proteins called proton pumps (H+-ATPases) in their cell membranes. Active Transport: These proton pumps use energy from ATP to actively move H+ ions from the cytoplasm of the root cell into the soil, against their concentration gradient. Role in pH Regulation: This active excretion of H+ is a major way plants regulate their internal cytoplasmic pH. Nutrient Availability: The resulting decrease in soil pH makes certain essential mineral nutrients, like iron, more soluble and available for the root cells to absorb. Ion Exchange: The H+ ions also displace positively charged mineral cations from the soil particles, making them available for uptake. Iron Uptake: In response to iron deficiency stress, plants enhance H+ excretion and reductant release to lower the pH and convert Fe3+ to the more available form Fe2+. The altered pH can influence the activity and composition of beneficial microbes in the soil. The H+ gradient created by the proton pumps can also be used for other vital cell functions, such as ATP synthesis and the transport of other solutes. The hydrogen ions (H+) excreted during photosynthesis come from the splitting of water molecules. This splitting, called photolysis, occurs in Photosystem II to replace the electrons used in the light-dependent reactions. The released hydrogen ions are then pumped into the thylakoid lumen, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis. Plants release hydrogen ions (H+) from their roots into the soil, a process that occurs in conjunction with nutrient uptake and photosynthesis. These H+ ions compete with mineral cations for the negatively charged sites on soil particles, a phenomenon known as cation exchange. By displacing beneficial mineral cations, the excreted H+ ions make these nutrients available for the plant to absorb, which can also lower the soil pH and indirectly affect its Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) by altering the pool of exchangeable cations in the soil solution. Plants use proton (H+) exudation, driven by the H+-ATPase enzyme, to release H+ ions into the soil, creating a more acidic rhizosphere, which enhances nutrient availability and influences nutrient cycling processes. This acidification mobilizes insoluble nutrients like iron (Fe) by breaking them down, while also facilitating the activity of beneficial microbes involved in the nutrient cycle. Therefore, H+ exudation is a critical plant strategy for nutrient acquisition and management, allowing plants to improve their access to essential elements from the soil. A lack of water splitting during photosynthesis can affect iron uptake because the resulting energy imbalance disrupts the plant's ability to produce ATP and NADPH, which are crucial for overall photosynthetic energy conversion and can trigger a deficiency in iron homeostasis pathways. While photosynthesis uses hydrogen ions produced from water splitting for the Calvin cycle, not to create a hydrogen gas deficiency, the overall process is sensitive to nutrient availability, and iron is essential for chloroplast function. In photosynthesis, water is split to provide electrons to replace those lost in Photosystem II, which is triggered by light absorption. These electrons then travel along a transport chain to generate ATP (energy currency) and NADPH (reducing power). Carbon Fixation: The generated ATP and NADPH are then used to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates in the Calvin cycle. Impaired water splitting (via water in or out) breaks the chain reaction of photosynthesis. This leads to an imbalance in ATP and NADPH levels, which disrupts the Calvin cycle and overall energy production in the plant. Plants require a sufficient supply of essential mineral elements like iron for photosynthesis. Iron is vital for chlorophyll formation and plays a crucial role in electron transport within the chloroplasts. The complex relationship between nutrient status and photosynthesis is evident when iron deficiency can be reverted by depleting other micronutrients like manganese. This highlights how nutrient homeostasis influences photosynthetic function. A lack of adequate energy and reducing power from photosynthesis, which is directly linked to water splitting, can trigger complex adaptive responses in the plant's iron uptake and distribution systems. Plants possess receptors called transceptors that can directly detect specific nutrient concentrations in the soil or within the plant's tissues. These receptors trigger signaling pathways, sometimes involving calcium influx or changes in protein complex activity, that then influence nutrient uptake by the roots. Plants use this information to make long-term adjustments, such as Increasing root biomass to explore more soil for nutrients. Modifying metabolic pathways to make better use of available resources. Adjusting the rate of nutrient transport into the roots. That's why I keep a high EC. Abundance resonates Abundance.

Boy Moby Dick is one tough girl she can and has taken a beating ...Between cold weather ,rain , humidity and just about everything it could get she pushed on ... It is a beautiful plant with lots of red and pink the smell is citrus and earth I can not wait to harvest her ...dinafem has some bomb genetics and I can't wait to get this harvest started and my next bean from them going as well ...cheers and thanks canna family hit up my Instagram for lots of pictures @cannibal19888

Always R.O Water Watering the plant 3 times for per week 1st Watering with nutriens. (750 ppm) 27.03.2023) 4 liter 2st Watering with nutriens. (750 ppm) 30.03.2023) 4 liter 3st Watering with only R.O water & CalMag. (300 ppm) (01.04.2023) 4 liter 1000 ppfd

Beautiful pair of haze berries, both phenos #1 and #2 showing strong healthy roots and big leafs, can't wait to flower this ladies out, I Transplanted the plants after 17 days of being planted on February 2nd because the roots were super well developed and I considered that it was the right time to do so. So now they are in their new 11l house.

relaxing and enjoying the show almost at max watts SPIDER FARMER SF2000 is now maxed out at 207w , 16"-18" from the plants and I will need to keep up with pruning to allow more air flow and more light to penetrate deeper into the plant. 2, 6" oscillating fans on 100%, may be on low or just one stationary but at this point in the grow air flow is a MUST, specially for the thick, dense vegetation of the OG Kush. trying my hardest to stick with the 4" ventalation til the end of the grow. Right now I have to replace the exhaust ducting due to tiny pin holes leaking more than a bit of light.

So I started getting this weird deficiency several weeks ago, but now it seems to have taken over the entire plant. I know that RO water has no CalMag, but I upped the CaliMagic dose and its just gotten worse. Going to have to consult with some of my growmies to see whats going on.

Así es como empezamos la tercera semana,seguimos con humedad alta pero la vamos controlando.. Estos días da buen tiempo la humedad en la calle será mucho más baja así podré meter aire sin tanta humedad.. De momento todo bien en el cultivo ningún problema hasta la fecha. Ya podéis ver,y comentar sobre algo que veáis que yo no! Como dicen! Ven veinte ojos mejor que dos! 🖖 Día 12 Último fungicida prevención mutritis,hongos humedad. Primer riego foliar hormonas producción de flores. 🌹

Day 11 10/1/25 Feed Time 8:30am 5Litres tap Water 5ml Micro 6ml Grow 4ml Bloom Silicate 3g Calmag 5ml ph down PH - - 6.0 H202 Feed was 350ml just to see how she would hold the nutrients doesnt look to bad right now 10hours later Light 75% Day 10 9/1/25 No Feed As Coco Was Still Damp Day 9 8/1/25 Water with 750ml PH - 5.8/5.9 20% Run off Feed Time was 10:30pm(GMT) Lights off 1am (GMT) Lights Stayed on 75% Day 8 7/1/25 Feed Time 5:15pm .5litres Coco was dry today up light to 75% at 5pm (see how it goes) Day 7.....6/1/25 Feed Time 5pm .3 litres(half pint) PH-5.9-6 Day 6......5/1/25 After Germination no feed to day as Coco still damp from previous feed (4/1/25) 1st offical day 5/1/25 4/1/25 Sat Feed time was 5:30pm 5litres water 0.1ml h202 Starting ppm - 320 Starting EC - 658 Starting PH - 6.4 Nutrients Added Silicate - 2.5g Per 5litres Cal-mag - 5ml micro - 3 grow - 3.5ml bloom - 3.5ml Finshed ppm 862 Finished EC - 1722 Finished PH - 5.9 2x 8ltr Fabric pot Nute Feed! gorilla cookies - 1ltr 10/15% run off banana cookies - 1ltr 10/15% run off

Day 37: Watered each plant with 0.8L with nuts 1516 ppm, 3221 us/cm, 3.2 EC Still giving sensi grow to the gorilla cookies Day 40: Watered each plant with 0.8L with nuts 1594 ppm, 3391 us/cm, 3.3 EC Still giving sensi grow to the gorilla cookies Did some defoliation

🍪🥜🍬⛽️ from clone 🌱 gettin pretty by the day

19.11. day 29. Hallo Leute. Die LeM ist etwas gebremst durch 25 w/h Blaulicht. Lässt sich aber nicht aufhalten. Die Strawberry.... Ist nicht in Blüte, aber explodiert an trieben . 20.11. Armes Strawberry. So klein wie sie ist gab es HST. Alles gequetscht, gedreht, gebrochen. Das darf Mann ruhig hören. Jetzt hängt sie etwas durch . Egal in 7 Tagen wird das nochmal wiederholt. 21.11. so Leute der Stamm der LeMellon ist schön Dick. Erst Recht für day 31. Und die Strawberry ist nicht in Blüte. Sweet Seeds gibt Tag 40 als Blüte an . Bin Mal gespannt. 24.11. Strawberry Cola Sherbet F1 . Wie gut ist denn Sweet Seeds? Ich hatte bereits ne Red Poison. Die war ECHT gut . Day 34 . Sie ist nicht in Blüte trotz 7 Tagen 12-12. Was haben die da reingebaut ? Ruderalis so gut getimet das die egal wie nach 40 Tagen erst in Blüte geht? Echt? Das will ich wissen. Cannabis ist und bleibt spannend. Vor allem die neueren Sorten.

They have all started showing signs of flower and moving along quickly.Im seeing a huge stretch this week and the girls are filling out nicely.I have increased the se7000 to 60 percent light intensity and they are taking it well.Maybe I’ll add a net to get more light penetration or maybe not as I like to be able to spin the pots around.

07.07. Day 36-Day flowering 19# As for the autos, i'm changing the title to "dwarf" lol I was not at all satisfied with the vegetation, even less so with the stretching... as far as that is concerned the stretching is not much different from last week, they are only 5 cm bigger,streching is over,they also branched badly, although they were under heat stress almost the whole week, but let's move on. Yesterday was the end of their fifth week.

Here comes the branches…I may try cloning a few branches….tentative.

I did a top dressing, everything seems to be going pretty well they are looking Frosty. Im debating on increasing the PhotonTek 600w pro to 75% what do yall think its in a 4x4 tent. I don't have a PPFD METER nor can I find PPFD charts for this light in a 4x4 space so I'm just winging it atm.

did some light defoliation (lower larger leaves and the ones touching soil) on day 28. started feeding her bio-bloom as she transitions to pre-flower. next week will start feeding with top-max as well. looking healthy but im worried they wont grow as much as expected :(