you do what the plant demands... so if grow is not sufficeint and lackign on some nutes , even in vege, it's better not to go into it with preconceived notions.
in my exp, the plant can handle just as much p/k in vege as it does in bloom. the only thing i see change in bloom is a slightly lower need for N.
as far as when to use a "bloom" forumulat.. you want to use it before you see the bloom growth.. otherwise it's 'late' ... but like i said, in my expereince you should already be feeding p/k at upper thresholds and going higher will only cause burn. if it doesn't, you could have feed more previously.
observe and react to plant. it is something oyu have to learn as you go... too many variables make each garden a bit different and 2x with soil. take some notes on what you did and timing... consider the results, and adjust next time... you'll have it down by 2nd or third grow if you don't waffle too much.