Take off as few as possible if concerned about WPM or other pathogens.
Light penetration is not necessary. Apical dominance is why the higher buds on plant get the most resources. The products of photosynthesis freely flow through the phloem at all times all throughout the plant. Where those sugars are used is not dependent on where the light hits.
leaves are also lungs. CO2 intake is equally important to the amount of light you provide.. it is the limiting factor for your light, so don't limit CO2 intake as best you can.